history of archival and records enterprise
DESCRIPTION
HISTORY OF ARCHIVAL AND RECORDS ENTERPRISE. Epochs in the Development of Archival and Records Enterprise. Antiquity. CHINA. Dang An. Practice. Compiled chronicles. CHINA. Epochs in the Development of Archival and Records Enterprise. Antiquity - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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HISTORY OF ARCHIVAL AND RECORDS
ENTERPRISE
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Epochs in the Development ofArchival and Records Enterprise
• Antiquity
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CHINA
Dang An
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CHINA
Practice • Compiled chronicles
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Epochs in the Development ofArchival and Records Enterprise
• Antiquity
• Development of the Concept of Archives, c. 400 B.C. – c. 500 A.D.
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GREECE
Αρχείο “Archeion”
That which belongs to an office.
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GREECE
Practices • Deposit gives private documents a public authority
• Authoritative record was the most public record
• The Notary
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ROME
Adopted concepts of the Greeks and added concepts of their own.
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ROMETerms
• Filium• Tabula• Regesta
• File• Tablet• Register
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ROME
Practices • Registration conveys official status
• Keeping minutes• Emperor destroyed
records of predecessor• Residencia • Regard for provenance
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MEDIA
• Papyrus
• Wood and wax tablet
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Epochs in the Development ofArchival and Records Enterprise
• Antiquity
• Development of the Concept of Archives, c. 400 B.C. – c. 500 A.D.
• Dormancy, c. 500-1500
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Dormancy
Practices • Memory and objects replaced written record as authority
• Authenticated with wax seal
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Dormancy
Term • “Clerk” derived from clerics who staff chanceries
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Dormancy
Practices and Concepts • Records schedule, 800s
• Case file, c. 1200• Records as property of
the office, 1331• Distinguish current
from records of long-term value
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Epochs in the Development ofArchival and Records Enterprise
• Antiquity
• Development of the Concept of Archives, c. 400 B.C. – c. 500 A.D.
• Dormancy, c. 500-1500
• Re-emergence of Archives, 1500-1789
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RE-EMERGENCE
• Establishment of well-defined archives
Archivo General de Simancas
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RE-EMERGENCE
• Establishment of well-defined archives
Archivo General de Simancas
• Diplomatics, De Re Diplomatica, 1681
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Epochs in the Development ofArchival and Records Enterprise
• Establishment of Modern Archival Practice, 1789-1898
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ESTABLISHMENT OF MODERN ARCHIVAL
PRACTICE• Archives Nationales (France), 1794
• Concept of “current” and “historical”
• Archives as expression of nationalism
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ESTABLISHMENT OF MODERN ARCHIVAL
PRACTICE• Basic principles
Respect des fonds
Provenance—original order
• Ecole des Chartes, 1832
• Dutch manual of practice, 1898
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ESTABLISHMENT OF MODERN ARCHIVAL
PRACTICE
American contribution• Collecting documents
• Printing documents to facilitate use and preservation
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Epochs in the Development ofArchival and Records Enterprise
• Establishment of Modern Archival Practice, 1789-1898
• Redefining Archives and Managing Bulk: Archival Administration and Records Management, c. 1900-continuing
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REDEFINING ARCHIVES AND MANAGING BULK
Factors
• New Media
• Growth of business and government
• Spread of literacy
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REDEFINING ARCHIVES AND MANAGING BULK
Growth in Quantity of Records
• 1789-1861 = 100,000 cubic feet
• 1865-1914 = 500,000 cubic feet
• 1930s decade = 3.5 million cubic feet
• 1940s per year = 2 million cubic feet
• 1960s per year = 4 million cubic feet
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REDEFINING ARCHIVES AND MANAGING BULK
New kinds of records
• Memorandum
• Chart and Graph
• Directive
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REDEFINING ARCHIVES AND MANAGING BULK
New practices and concepts
• Defining archives as historical documents
• Archival appraisal
• Records management
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REDEFINING ARCHIVES AND MANAGING BULK
Records Management
• Records Disposal Act, 1943
• General schedule, 1945
• Records Center, 1950
• Developed concepts to promote office efficiency, protection
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REDEFINING ARCHIVES AND MANAGING BULKProfessionalization of records work
• Royal Dutch Society of Archivists, 1891
• Society of American Archivists, 1936
• International Council on Archives, 1950
• Association of Records Managers and Administrators, 1955
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Epochs in the Development ofArchival and Records Enterprise
• Establishment of Modern Archival Practice, 1789-1898
• Redefining Archives and Managing Bulk: Archival Administration and Records Management, c. 1900-continuing
• Age of the Electronic Record, 1980s-continuing
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ELECTRONIC RECORDS AGE
• Machine-readable records
• Radically new form/media of record
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CONCLUSIONS
DEPTH AND EXTENT OF CHANGE• First: Writing as basis of authentic
information, c. 1000-c. 1300
• Second: Modern concepts of managing records, 1789-1898
• Third: Electronic record, 1990s-
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CONCLUSIONS
FUNDAMENTAL ISSUES• Defining and establishing ownership of “the
record”
• Authenticity, security, and preservation
• Adopting, adapting to, and controlling records in new media
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CONCLUSIONS
FUNDAMENTAL ISSUES• Role of archives in society
• Uses of the term “archives”
• Managing yet increasing volume of records
• Role of the archivist/records administrator