HISTORY

OF

SUBCONTINENT

The Subcontinent By: Annie Azam

History and Background

Introduction of the Sub-continent

• Mini Continent• Located in the Southern region of Asia• Subcontient includes Pakistan, India,

Bangladesh, Nepal, Bhutan, Srilanka and Maldives.

Geographical Location

• Himalayas to the North• Hindukush to the west• Arabian Sea to the Sout-west

Map of the Sub-continent

Size and Area

• Total Area covered is 4.4 million KM2

Geographical affects

• Geography affected the migration route and languages of the people living in Sub-continent.

Importance of Sub-continent in the World

• It connects several parts of Asia and the world.• Ancient Trade routes• Ancient routes led to various invasions.• Economic corridor of CPEC, Today.

The beginning of Indus valley civilization

Prominient features of indus valley civilization

Agriculture was their main economic activity.

They had irrigation systems.

They had pottery and jewelry making.

Their houses made up of clay and bricks.

Their leaders were priests and kings.

Their religion was animism and polytheism. They worshiped many gods , some of them which resemble animals.

Their social classes were the ruling classes who lived inside the citadels; the farmers and traders lived outside the citadels.

Persian Empire in subcontinent

Presented by:Bareera Tariq

DP04-F016-15

Introduction

• Achaemenian empire was the first Persian empire • The first empire to rule the subcontinent• Largest empire of ancient time

Cyrus the great (538

BC)

Darius I (522-486

BC)

Xerxes I (485-465

BC)

Darius III (326 BC)

Conclusion

• Achmaenian empire 522-326 BC• Ruled for almost 200 years• Persian empire in subcontinent fell.

IntroductionRulers during mughal empireArchitectureScience and techgnology

INTRODUCTIONThe mughal empire was the second largest to have existed in the indian subcontinent, spanning 4 million square liometers at its zenith.The first mughal ruler was zagheer ud din muhammad babur, who snatched dnyasty from sher sah suri

First mughal emperor 1526-1530 BaburLast mughal emperor 1837-1857

Rulers of mughal empire

• Babur• Humayun• Akbar• Jahangir• Shah jahan• Aurangzaib• Bahadur shah I• Bahadur shah II

Influence of mughal over Subcontinent

• A major contribution to indian subcontinent was their unique Architecture.• Shah jahan played unique role in work of architecture• Taj mahal , one of the best example

TAJ MAHAL

• Centralized , imperialistic giovernment which brought together many smaller kingdoms• Persian art and culture amalgamated with indian art and

culture• New trade routes to arab and turkic lands

• The development of mughlai cuisine• Landscape and mughal gardening

Science and technology

• Astronomy (humayun)• Alchemy ( sake dean mahomed)• Techonlogy ( Fathullah shirazi , a persian polymath and

mechanical engineer developed volley gun)

•

SHALIMAR GARDEN LAORE

SHAHI QILA LAHORE

JAMA MASJIDINDIA

HUMAYUN’S TOMB

HIRAN MINARESHEIKHUPURA

LAL QILA DELHI

BADSHAI MAJIDLAHORE

SHAH JAHAN MASJID THATHA SINDH

HISTORY AND ETHNIC RELATIONS

(Emergence of the nations)

Early settlers came before 500 B.C.E from Sri Lanka and southern India.

Maldivians were buddists but in twelfth century Islam was proclaimed as their national religion.

MALDIVES

All historic records of early bhutan wre destroyed by fire,flood,earthquake and war.

It was buddist nation.

BHUTAN

This nation came into existence by Prithvi Narayan Shah’s conquest.

In the beginning it was twice the size of modern Nepal but due to territorial clashes with Chinese and the British it pushed the borders back to the current configuration.

Nepal

It was inhibited as early as 10,000 B.C.E It had Indo-Aryan language and some version of

Brahmanism.

Sri Lanka

It was part of number of important political entities including Indian Empires, Buddist Kingdoms, The Mughal Empire, The British Empire and The Pakistani nation.

Bangladesh

Pakistan today has many interesting Buddist sites and historical notes which proves its part in the history.

Pakistan

It was the birthplace of Hinduism, Buddism, Jainism and Sikhism collectively known as Indian religions.

India

Hinduism Buddism Jainism Sikhism