HISTOLOGY

Four Basic Types of Tissue

1. Epithelial

2. Connective

3. Muscle

4. Nerve

Thanks to Pam Brannock (USC Biology,Hilbish Lab)

for creating this PowerPoint

EPITHELIAL TISSUE

Cells are bound tightly together

Little extracellular material

Arranged in sheets

Cover internal and external surfaces

Often control passage of material

Classified by shape of cells and number of layers

Pg 154-155; slides 157-158

EPITHELIAL TISSUE

CELL SHAPE

Squamous shape

Thin, flat cells

Look like fried eggs

Cubodial shape

square shape- cross section

6sided polygon- surface

Columnar

Rectangular- cross section

Polygonal- surface view

CELL NUMBER

Simple

Single layer

Stratified

2+ layers

Pseudostratified

Appear stratified- but not

Transitional

Change shape

EPITHELIAL TISSUE

SIMPLE SQUAMOUS

Single layer

Squamous shape

Lining of body cavity, lungs, blood vessels

EPITHELIAL TISSUE

SIMPLE CUBOIDAL

Single layer

Cuboidal shaped

Kidney tubules, glands

EPITHELIAL TISSUE

SIMPLE COLUMNAR

Single layer

Columnar shape

Lining of digestive tract

Modified by presence of cilia

EPITHELIAL TISSUE

STRATIFIED SQUAMOUS

Multi layer

Outer most layer- squamous cells

Inner- cuboidal or columnar

Lining of mouth, esophagus, skin

EPITHELIAL TISSUE

PSEUDOSTRATIFIED COLUMNAR

One layer

Appears stratified

Respiratory tract

CONNECTIVE TISSUE

Abundant extracellular material

Matix (dominant part)

Fiber, cells in liquid, gel, or solid matrix

Function

Bind and/or support other tissue

Pg 154, 156, 159; slides 158-161

CONNECTIVE TISSUE

CONNECTIVE TISSUE PROPER

Matrix consist of fibers

Loose or areola

Few fibers

Delicate arrangement

Fibrous

Ex. Tendons

Abundant, well organized fiber

CONNECTIVE TISSUE

ADIPOSE TISSUE

Loose connective

Store large droplets of fat

BLOOD

Lymph

Liquid matrix

Sometimes in different category

RBC- Red Blood Cells

WBC- White Blood Cells

CONNECTIVE TISSUE

CARTILAGE

Chondrocytes

Small cavities- lacunae

Rubbery consistency (matrix)

Ear, nose

CONNECTIVE TISSUEBONE

Osteocytes

Small cavities- lacunae

Hardest CT

Impregnated w/ calcium salts

Spongy

Loose rods of bones

Ends of arms and legs

Compact

Shafts of long bones

Tightly organized

MUSCLE TISSUE

Cells have ability to contract

Function

Locomotion

Other body movement

Pg 156-157,162; slides 161

MUSCLE TISSUESKELETAL

Voluntary movement

Long and cylindrical

Transverse striation

Each fiber is multi-nuclear

MUSCLE TISSUE

SMOOTH

Involuntary movement

Predominant

Long, spindle shape

Single nucleus

Internal organs

MUSCLE TISSUE

CARDIAC

Striations

Involuntary

One nucleus

Deep center

Heart muscle

NERVE TISSUE

Cells very high ability to

Respond to stimuli

Transmit impulses

Pg 157, 163; slides 161

NERVE TISSUE

NEURON

Cell Body(3)

Dendrites (5)

Axon(1)