hiroshi ohno story

Hiroshi OhnoPortfolio Story

Hiroshi Ohno Story -

Living together / - Bamboo House / In history, Japanese architecture has put much value on repairing cultural buildings to maintain its constructions,

structures and designs when they get old.

Using advantage of architecture, the Japanese have been living to keep repairing.

This project aimed to build an assembly house mainly made of natural bamboos, whose lifetime is short, doing repairs provides

the locals and students chances to have good communications and live together under the house.

Settling into the land / - The design room on the premise / You cannot see the local life or the local people s feelings from where you are.

Going there, feeling the weather and the air and seeing the way of living, you will be able to reect something invisible in words

and buildings based on the Japanese culture and soul into constructions you are going to make.

53

To become part of the Earth / - The parasitized Building / Approach of handling building as organic object helps to gain relative humidity, natural wind circulation,

and get comfortable space for warmth.

It shows that building belongs to the global cycle.

This project has eliminated artifacts and succeeded to build the ne community center which is one of the ecology system with

taking humidity.

Architecture grow up together and commune with land in our life cycle.At those time, everyone love architecture.

Belief - contents

NEXTA2014

-,$

Hiroshi OhnoThe University of Shiga Prefecture

Environmental Science Graduate SchoolEnvironmental Architecture Design

LAB. Ashizawa ryuichi

Tel:+81 80 6133 4624Mail:[email protected]

($

Judges award

First prize

Second prize

Best 12

Judges award

History of awarded prize

NEXTA2014

Thermogenic competition

The Umiversity Of Shiga Prefecture Diploma

Fukuoka Design Reviw

The Japan Instite of Architects Deploma national convention

Architectural Institute of Japan Design competition 2015

NEXTA2014

-,$

Hiroshi OhnoThe University of Shiga Prefecture

Environmental Science Graduate SchoolEnvironmental Architecture Design

LAB. Ashizawa ryuichi

Tel:+81 80 6133 4624Mail:[email protected]

($

Judges award

First prize

Second prize

Best 12

Judges award

History of awarded prize

NEXTA2014

Thermogenic competition

The Umiversity Of Shiga Prefecture Diploma

Fukuoka Design Reviw

The Japan Instite of Architects Deploma national convention

Architectural Institute of Japan Design competition 2015

- 53 -

53

The design room on the premise-The record of the life and design for 53 days in Philippines-

Because I questioned designing on the desk,

I went to Philippines from Japan practically.

I had been stayed in Tacloban in Philippines for 53 days

to draw a draft of residential models and construct it.

I learned how to construct houses in there,

lived in the house I designed and built,

ate foods with my ngers,

drank alcohol with local people,

taught soccer to them,

and wiped my bottom with my hands.

Living with them brought me some new ideas.

I designed an improvement design afresh based on something we

cannot see without live with local people.

I would like to keep a record of the life and design.

53

- 53 -

53

The design room on the premise-The record of the life and design for 53 days in Philippines-

Because I questioned designing on the desk,

I went to Philippines from Japan practically.

I had been stayed in Tacloban in Philippines for 53 days

to draw a draft of residential models and construct it.

I learned how to construct houses in there,

lived in the house I designed and built,

ate foods with my ngers,

drank alcohol with local people,

taught soccer to them,

and wiped my bottom with my hands.

Living with them brought me some new ideas.

I designed an improvement design afresh based on something we

cannot see without live with local people.

I would like to keep a record of the life and design.

53

Philippines map

site

Tacloban, one of the city in Philippines, sustained serious damages from a heavy typhoon last November.The government and various associations are proceeding with reconstruction projects. Their situation is similar to The Great East Japan Earthquake s one.Architects propose and execute every conceivable means in these circumstances.To what extent do they get actual conditions?It was my question when I saw the plan that was suggested in Tacloban.

Architects make their plans with spending a lot of time in design rooms at present.However, where their plans will be build is in sites and who will use it is local people.We have to understand more about sites.

In this time, I designed proposals from the research in the eld and constructed.I experienced local life and obtained for local needs.Finally I lived in the house I built and reconstructed by considering what local people really need on the site.I will design and built the thing we can know only from standing on the ground.

Location : Tacloban Anibong

Principal use : Residential

Building area : 7.5

Total oor area : 7.5

Structure : Coco lumber

11

()

( )

2014.12.04 2014.12.10~ 2014.12.27~

2015.01.17 2015.01.17~ 2015.01.17~24

I ew from Japan to the disaster area in Philippine. I planned a house by the research and comparison with the plan I made in Japan.

I began to construct with local people researching resident s opinion.(I also began living in owner s house)

Completion of the house and I moved into it. I experienced local life, drunk together with local people, and understood their life.

I redesigned the house after drunk.(It was hard because Philippines tried to saturate my glass)

Process

()

( )

2014.12.04 2014.12.10~ 2014.12.27~

2015.01.17 2015.01.17~ 2015.01.17~24

I ew from Japan to the disaster area in Philippine. I planned a house by the research and comparison with the plan I made in Japan.

I began to construct with local people researching resident s opinion.(I also began living in owner s house)

Completion of the house and I moved into it. I experienced local life, drunk together with local people, and understood their life.

I redesigned the house after drunk.(It was hard because Philippines tried to saturate my glass)

Process

1 4

Tacloban

2013.11.09Typhoon Yolanda /

2014.08.01 ~ 09Recearch /

Philippines map

site

Coastal barrack

Composition

Coastal barrack

Other facilities like day-care center (transient anchorage)

Temporary house

The supply cannot catch up The supply cannot catch up

People are going to migration

Site

Tacloban is the center of business, sightseeing, education, culture, and

politics in the whole Eastern Visayas, Region VIII. Many vessels and planes

use this port town, and there are colorful markets in western edge of the

pier. The population is about two hundred thousand, and the number of

the barangay (village) is 138. The special capital was Tacloban during

Second World War. Tacloban was in the best 10 of the competitive cities

in Philippine. Tacloban was rank 5th in the whole Philippine, and rank 2nd

in the eld of emergent cities.

November 9, 2013, large typhoon crossed Philippine.This time s site, Tacloban, was the place that was hit by the typhoon and aected by high tide water.

Highest winds 10-minute sustained : 230 km/h (145 mph)1-minute sustained : 315 km/h (195 mph)Lowest pressure895 hPa (mbar); 26.43 inHg Fatalities6,340 conrmed, 1,061 missingDamage$2.86 billion (2013 USD)Number of deaths 6,201

Temporary house, permanent house, building area

Waterlogged land by from 1 to 4 meter high tide water

City limits

River

the conceptual drawing of

high tide water

40 meters in ocean-side were nominated as the o-limits zone because of the dangerousness of tidal wave. The government agencies and lobbying organizations move residents of the coastal area to the area that they cut the site and built temporary and permanent house. I received the impression that recovery and erection nally began at August 2014. There were few places where supplies were furnished in coastal area. However, the circumstance of life in coastal area was really bad because the support was focused on cutting the land. Besides, transfer was directed so they cannot spend money to houses.

Migration was determined so people cannot spend money to their house

People cannot wait for migration and build temporary barrack

permanent house

coastal barrack Poor people lived there, were screwed with the tidal wave, and lost their houses. They corrected waste materials together and began to build barracks after the typhoon was gone.They are waiting for moving to the house the government will prepare, but they cannot move easily because the supply is not catch up.People who are waiting for migration also cannot move easily and build barrack in the coastal area.

temporary house Various organizations builds it so there are dierences depends on the area. The most common house is made of coconut tree for constitution and bamboo for wall. There was local phenomenon, but was only few gaiety like in the coast area. Then , t he m id l and a r ea was ho t and inhospitable for costal people.

permanent house It was on the way to build, and the migration was not began in Augus t . Houses made f rom reinforced concrete were line. The plan for house was small. I felt it was strong against typhoon but its living climate was very bad. The plan seems only pursue the speed and overlook resident s life.

05

1015202530354045()

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

(mm)

0102030405060708090

100

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

()

SCALE = 1 : 1000 m

TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION

LINE BEARING DISTANCE

BBM#22 - 1 N 84 - 05 W 740.52m

1 - 2 S 62 - 45 W 294.91m

2 - 3 N 31 - 18 W 42.17m

3 - 4 N 06 - 31 W 174.16m

4 - 5 N 47 -09 W 24.06m

5 - 6 N 62 - 51 E 424.43m

6 - 7 S 22 - 29 E 200.89m

7 - 8 S 20 - 38 E 38.41m

8 - 1 S 66 - 53 W 159.29m

AREA = 100,984.00 SQ.M.

LOT 5401

LOT 4426

LOT 5402( LGU TAC )

LOT 5408

LOT 4488( LGU - TAC )

LOT 4428PROJECT AREA

LOT 4430

Note:

dD

Z/>^'h/'

E,

>'hd

30 HAIYAN (YORANDA)201311498911895hp(118) : 90m/s

: 6,201 : 1,785 : 410 : 1608 : 114 : 398(964)2014129612.422014130

2013 11 9

40m

1 4

Tacloban

2013.11.09Typhoon Yolanda /

2014.08.01 ~ 09Recearch /

Philippines map

site

Coastal barrack

Composition

Coastal barrack

Other facilities like day-care center (transient anchorage)

Temporary house

The supply cannot catch up The supply cannot catch up

People are going to migration

Site

Tacloban is the center of business, sightseeing, education, culture, and

politics in the whole Eastern Visayas, Region VIII. Many vessels and planes

use this port town, and there are colorful markets in western edge of the

pier. The population is about two hundred thousand, and the number of

the barangay (village) is 138. The special capital was Tacloban during

Second World War. Tacloban was in the best 10 of the competitive cities

in Philippine. Tacloban was rank 5th in the whole Philippine, and rank 2nd

in the eld of emergent cities.

November 9, 2013, large typhoon crossed Philippine.This time s site, Tacloban, was the place that was hit by the typhoon and aected by high tide water.

Highest winds 10-minute sustained : 230 km/h (145 mph)1-minute sustained : 315 km/h (195 mph)Lowest pressure895 hPa (mbar); 26.43 inHg Fatalities6,340 conrmed, 1,061 missingDamage$2.86 billion (2013 USD)Number of deaths 6,201

Temporary house, permanent house, building area

Waterlogged land by from 1 to 4 meter high tide water

City limits

River

the conceptual drawing of

high tide water

40 meters in ocean-side were nominated as the o-limits zone because of the dangerousness of tidal wave. The government agencies and lobbying organizations move residents of the coastal area to the area that they cut the site and built temporary and permanent house. I received the impression that recovery and erection nally began at August 2014. There were few places where supplies were furnished in coastal area. However, the circumstance of life in coastal area was really bad because the support was focused on cutting the land. Besides, transfer was directed so they cannot spend money to houses.

Migration was determined so people cannot spend money to their house

People cannot wait for migration and build temporary barrack

permanent house

coastal barrack Poor people lived there, were screwed with the tidal wave, and lost their houses. They corrected waste materials together and began to build barracks after the typhoon was gone.They are waiting for moving to the house the government will prepare, but they cannot move easily because the supply is not catch up.People who are waiting for migration also cannot move easily and build barrack in the coastal area.

temporary house Various organizations builds it so there are dierences depends on the area. The most common house is made of coconut tree for constitution and bamboo for wall. There was local phenomenon, but was only few gaiety like in the coast area. Then , t he m id l and a r ea was ho t and inhospitable for costal people.

permanent house It was on the way to build, and the migration was not began in Augus t . Houses made f rom reinforced concrete were line. The plan for house was small. I felt it was strong against typhoon but its living climate was very bad. The plan seems only pursue the speed and overlook resident s life.

05

1015202530354045()

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

(mm)

0102030405060708090

100

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

()

SCALE = 1 : 1000 m

TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION

LINE BEARING DISTANCE

BBM#22 - 1 N 84 - 05 W 740.52m

1 - 2 S 62 - 45 W 294.91m

2 - 3 N 31 - 18 W 42.17m

3 - 4 N 06 - 31 W 174.16m

4 - 5 N 47 -09 W 24.06m

5 - 6 N 62 - 51 E 424.43m

6 - 7 S 22 - 29 E 200.89m

7 - 8 S 20 - 38 E 38.41m

8 - 1 S 66 - 53 W 159.29m

AREA = 100,984.00 SQ.M.

LOT 5401

LOT 4426

LOT 5402( LGU TAC )

LOT 5408

LOT 4428PROJECT AREA

LOT 4430

Note:

dD

Z/>^'h/'

E,

>'hd

30 HAIYAN (YORANDA)201311498911895hp(118) : 90m/s

: 6,201 : 1,785 : 410 : 1608 : 114 : 398(964)2014129612.422014130

2013 11 9

40m

Housing supply

There are people who come back to their oceanfront house in Tacloban. It is because they cannot wait for migration. If we consider the ability of coming a big typhoon again, we have to reform living environment to turn o residents fear.I suggest the house to improve their living situation. I will design so that I realize following requirement as a provider.

Strength against typhoon /

inexpensive price /

Possibility of residents building /

The condition of proposal /

( )

2014.12.04

2014.12.04 - 2015.01.24The record of the life and design for 53 days / 53

2015.01.24

Current houses are connected by almost only nails so they are vulnerable to typhoon.

Residents cannot spend much money to their house because they were primarily poor and screwed with the typhoon.

The houses are usually built by only carpenters and owner in Tacloban. I will try to construct with only materials that residents can get in Tacloban.

Housing supply

There are people who come back to their oceanfront house in Tacloban. It is because they cannot wait for migration. If we consider the ability of coming a big typhoon again, we have to reform living environment to turn o residents fear.I suggest the house to improve their living situation. I will design so that I realize following requirement as a provider.

Strength against typhoon /

inexpensive price /

Possibility of residents building /

The condition of proposal /

( )

2014.12.04

2014.12.04 - 2015.01.24The record of the life and design for 53 days / 53

2015.01.24

Current houses are connected by almost only nails so they are vulnerable to typhoon.

Residents cannot spend much money to their house because they were primarily poor and screwed with the typhoon.

The houses are usually built by only carpenters and owner in Tacloban. I will try to construct with only materials that residents can get in Tacloban.

I don t know where I will move.

I can t imagine my new life in which I will move.

I m not sure I can nd new job or not in new place.The government and support groups prepare new houses for people per house, but people do not know when, where, and what kind of house they will move so say like above. The government and residents have profound disagreements.

(From the research in site)

BARANGAY MAPTACLOBAN CITY

N

0 2km

2014.12.04 2014.12.20

2014.12.26

2014.12.16

I experienced typhoon 3rd times in my 53 days stay.Every time typhoons came, the supply of electricity and water was stopped.We need the way we can survive without infrastructure.

(From the real-life experience)

There is no infrastructure in the coast area.People use public toilet on the sea and drink well water.Many people disembogue their sewerage into the sea.

What are you doing?

Come into the shadow, sunlight is hot.

Sit down here, sit down.There is no wind and hot in the house so people lives inside and outside. Everyone makes their community by bringing their houseware into shadow. The outside communities are companionable and bustling.

(From residents)

Design house with minimal area

I will consider using solar heat, compost, and rain water, and

do experiment for temperature and water quality with this

time s mock-up.

Living outside, minimal inside / The residents spend their almost daytime outside. They chews the fat in the house s shadow. They think about activities outside and make their inside minimal. They holds down their money for houses by keeping their house small.

By bind Nipa fruticans on ames on land and use hinge on the top of roof, we do not need to do anything on roofs and we can construct easily.

Although many barracks were built, people s living climate is really bad. Besides there is worry about collapse by leaking roof. This area have much typhoon.

We wil l not use nai ls to main frame construction so that we can separate and assemble. It will make reuse of the house easy in new place and upgrade houses, and res idents w i l l bu i ld bet te r houses . Additionally, reusing of the house that I designed as public places in new place that h a v e m u c h r e i n f o r c e d c o n c r e t e construction grace this region.

Tacloban

4 15

22 HAGUPIT (RUBY)

2014121362115 905hp(118) : 80m/s

3013613651

Proposal

Typhoon and infrastructure / I left the Kansai International Airport at December 4th, 2014, but the ight was canceled because of approaching of large typhoon.A friend went to ahead, so this situation aected me.As a result, the typhoon turned o and the damage was small.I arrived at Tacloban after 3 days from the pass of the typhoon.Water and electricity supply were stopped and I was forced to live without these.

How is your life in native house?Good, it s more comfortable than other houses.Why do you use nipa?It s because I don t have money. People perceives the house that uses nature materials are comfortable as living climate. However, they does not like these because these need eort to build. Some people like to live in native houses, but some people say they use nature materials because of money.

(From residents)

We make ames on land and roof with Nipa fruticans.

We raise these ames and overlay it on walls.

Migration and shabby house / The area that 40 meters around the sea was specied as no-resident area. The government has been built and supplied houses in other places to the people. Residents build their interim house in the area around the sea. These tentative houses will be pulled down when they get new houses from the government so they cannot spend much money for it. We will build the house that we can dismantle, put together in other place later, and reuse it. I would like to add value to houses by doing so.

People does not like nature materials / Nature materials are comfortable environmentally and inexpensive, but these has not been used for some reasons of method of construction. By having another look at crafting technique, I will reconsider about using these.

I don t know where I will move.

I can t imagine my new life in which I will move.

I m not sure I can nd new job or not in new place.The government and support groups prepare new houses for people per house, but people do not know when, where, and what kind of house they will move so say like above. The government and residents have profound disagreements.

BARANGAY MAPTACLOBAN CITY

N

0 2km

2014.12.04 2014.12.20

2014.12.26

2014.12.16

I experienced typhoon 3rd times in my 53 days stay.Every time typhoons came, the supply of electricity and water was stopped.We need the way we can survive without infrastructure.

(From the real-life experience)

There is no infrastructure in the coast area.People use public toilet on the sea and drink well water.Many people disembogue their sewerage into the sea.

What are you doing?

Come into the shadow, sunlight is hot.

Sit down here, sit down.There is no wind and hot in the house so people lives inside and outside. Everyone makes their community by bringing their houseware into shadow. The outside communities are companionable and bustling.

(From residents)

Design house with minimal area

I will consider using solar heat, compost, and rain water, and

do experiment for temperature and water quality with this

time s mock-up.

Living outside, minimal inside / The residents spend their almost daytime outside. They chews the fat in the house s shadow. They think about activities outside and make their inside minimal. They holds down their money for houses by keeping their house small.

By bind Nipa fruticans on ames on land and use hinge on the top of roof, we do not need to do anything on roofs and we can construct easily.

Although many barracks were built, people s living climate is really bad. Besides there is worry about collapse by leaking roof. This area have much typhoon.

We wil l not use nai ls to main frame construction so that we can separate and assemble. It will make reuse of the house easy in new place and upgrade houses, and res idents w i l l bu i ld bet te r houses . Additionally, reusing of the house that I designed as public places in new place that h a v e m u c h r e i n f o r c e d c o n c r e t e construction grace this region.

Tacloban

4 15

22 HAGUPIT (RUBY)

2014121362115 905hp(118) : 80m/s

3013613651

Proposal

Typhoon and infrastructure / I left the Kansai International Airport at December 4th, 2014, but the ight was canceled because of approaching of large typhoon.A friend went to ahead, so this situation aected me.As a result, the typhoon turned o and the damage was small.I arrived at Tacloban after 3 days from the pass of the typhoon.Water and electricity supply were stopped and I was forced to live without these.

How is your life in native house?Good, it s more comfortable than other houses.Why do you use nipa?It s because I don t have money. People perceives the house that uses nature materials are comfortable as living climate. However, they does not like these because these need eort to build. Some people like to live in native houses, but some people say they use nature materials because of money.

(From residents)

We make ames on land and roof with Nipa fruticans.

We raise these ames and overlay it on walls.

Migration and shabby house / The area that 40 meters around the sea was specied as no-resident area. The government has been built and supplied houses in other places to the people. Residents build their interim house in the area around the sea. These tentative houses will be pulled down when they get new houses from the government so they cannot spend much money for it. We will build the house that we can dismantle, put together in other place later, and reuse it. I would like to add value to houses by doing so.

People does not like nature materials / Nature materials are comfortable environmentally and inexpensive, but these has not been used for some reasons of method of construction. By having another look at crafting technique, I will reconsider about using these.

Exterior life and minimal interior /

component /

Residents use trees in around for hanging out

Something similar to Japanese charcoal stove

Minimal space

Composting toilet

Residents bathe with water that is scooped by other houses and use rainwater for washing and so on.

1/30

Exterior life and minimal interior /

component /

Residents use trees in around for hanging out

Something similar to Japanese charcoal stove

Minimal space

Composting toilet

Residents bathe with water that is scooped by other houses and use rainwater for washing and so on.

1/30

75

amakan

nipa

ridge rollgalvalume

nipa shinules

steel pipe =2.0 3ft

plywood

bamboo

conpost toilet

coco lunber post

coco lunber roof

Each oor plan /

component / sum /

plywood 4*8 4.5mm 3101*2*10 M 83 4*8 9mm 620

C 25 amakan 4*8 2302*2*8 L 133 bamboo l=6ft *10 200

M 133 galvalume 4*10 370C 30 nipa l=4ft 10

0.5*2*8 G 30M 30 C 15 ride roll l=2ft 220

2*2*10 C 40 nipa shinules 1.5G 130 steel pipe =2.0 l=20ft 140

1*1*8 C 151*6*8 C 1601*8*8 C 80

G 2131*6*10 G 2001*2*8 C 20

G 452*3*8 L 1601*8*10 G 2132*8*12 C 1762*6*12 C 1302*2*12 C 451*8*12 C 1201*1*12 C 250.5*2*12 C 251*6*12 C 752*3*10 G 2001*2*12 C 302*2*12 L 2002*3*12 C 70 LLAWAAN SamarMMAHOGANILeyteGGEMILINA LeyteCCOCONUTBureun

Total amount for build /

P10,342.5 = 27,748 P1 = 2.68

Floor framing plan Assembly drawing for room under roof

wood Materials for oor and exterior wall

Othererior wall

Expensive order

size kind sum

Roof plan

The barracks in this area was made by waste materials and other materials by donation by support groups. Therefore we cannot suppose their price. However, it might be from 500 to 1000 peso in our research. The residents who pay for all materials is potential for building.

75

amakan

nipa

ridge rollgalvalume

nipa shinules

steel pipe =2.0 3ft

plywood

bamboo

conpost toilet

coco lunber post

coco lunber roof

Each oor plan /

component / sum /

plywood 4*8 4.5mm 3101*2*10 M 83 4*8 9mm 620

C 25 amakan 4*8 2302*2*8 L 133 bamboo l=6ft *10 200

M 133 galvalume 4*10 370C 30 nipa l=4ft 10

0.5*2*8 G 30M 30 C 15 ride roll l=2ft 220

2*2*10 C 40 nipa shinules 1.5G 130 steel pipe =2.0 l=20ft 140

1*1*8 C 151*6*8 C 1601*8*8 C 80

G 2131*6*10 G 2001*2*8 C 20

G 452*3*8 L 1601*8*10 G 2132*8*12 C 1762*6*12 C 1302*2*12 C 451*8*12 C 1201*1*12 C 250.5*2*12 C 251*6*12 C 752*3*10 G 2001*2*12 C 302*2*12 L 2002*3*12 C 70 LLAWAAN SamarMMAHOGANILeyteGGEMILINA LeyteCCOCONUTBureun

Total amount for build /

P10,342.5 = 27,748 P1 = 2.68

Floor framing plan Assembly drawing for room under roof

wood Materials for oor and exterior wall

Othererior wall

Expensive order

size kind sum

Roof plan

The barracks in this area was made by waste materials and other materials by donation by support groups. Therefore we cannot suppose their price. However, it might be from 500 to 1000 peso in our research. The residents who pay for all materials is potential for building.

pipe=2.0

Coconut lumber

12 Coconut lumber

pipe=2.0Detail of hinge of roof

Details of posts and oor beam / We make a post by piece three 12 materials.

1000600

700

reference : The details of posts of barracks in Tacloban

23 Coconut lumber(12 Coconut lumber3)

22 Coconut lumber

23 Coconut lumber

12 Coconut lumber(We change to 18 coconut lumber when we build)

12 Coconut lumber

Rubble of concrete

Gathering of rainwater

Residents will get rainwater by using wall. We use galvalume for roof that gathers rainwater. Nipa frutican is not good because i t g a the r s du s t . Residents will gather rainwater in bucket under oor. This time, I will experiment the survey of water quality and the purifying for use of rainwater.

Composting toilet

Sawdust

oor beam 280

200

bucket

It is segregation style. I use sawdust as drier. It will dry urine. Excrement will be accumulated once, so be moved to other compost when rst compost got full.

No.1 2014.12.27

Details of band part of posts, oor beam, and timber /

We make it up by timbering and steel pipe.

4*10 370 =4 10

4ft

1.5ft

10ft

0.8ft

nipa

galvalume

10ft =13 P13010ft P370

1piece

We lift the roof in which the tied to the roof on the ground the nipa

Nipa frutican is much

cheaper when we

compare the price of

galvalume with Nipa

frutican as material for

roof. We will use nature

materials by changing

the way of

construction.

Use of nature materials (People dislike nature materials) ( )

N // / 400/ 300/ 1 5 4000 800 2666666667 2 4 4000 1000 3333333333 3 4 5000 1250 4166666667 4 4 0 0 5 6 0 0 6 8 6000 750 25 7 11 5000 4545454545 1515151515 8 2 0 0 9 6 5000 8333333333 2777777778

10 3 0 0 11 4 4000 1000 3333333333 12 6 0 0 13 4 0 0 14 4 0 0 15 4 0 0 16 3 1500 500 1666666667 17 3 1500 500 1666666667 18 9 3000 3333333333 1111111111 19 3 1500 500 1666666667 20 7 2000 2857142857 9523809524 21 7 2500 3571428571 119047619 22 4 4000 1000 3333333333 23 7 2000 2857142857 9523809524 24 11 2000 1818181818 6060606061 25 3 5000 1666666667 5555555556 26 3 2000 6666666667 2222222222 27 2 3000 1500 50 28 1 4000 4000 1333333333 29 9 1500 1666666667 5555555556 30 6 2000 3333333333 1111111111 31 6 0 0 32 12 0 0 33 8 0 0 34 5 10000 2000 6666666667

A 5411765 3500 5989686784 1996562261

Nipa frutican is much cheaper when we compare the price of galvalume with Nipa frutican as material

for roof. We will use nature materials by changing the way of construction.

1. It is depends on the place even in Barngy36 that which people use waterworks department or well. There are usually water supply in regions in downtown side, but people in area that ships run on basically use water from well.2. People use mineral water as drinking water.3. People who do not have toilet use public toilet above the sea.4. Harbor is basically school, church, and relative s house.

pipe=2.0

Coconut lumber

12 Coconut lumber

1000600

700

22 Coconut lumber

23 Coconut lumber

12 Coconut lumber

Rubble of concrete

Composting toilet

Sawdust

oor beam 280

200

bucket

No.1 2014.12.27

4*10 370 =4 10

4ft

1.5ft

10ft

0.8ft

nipa

galvalume

10ft =13 P13010ft P370

1piece

cheaper when we

galvalume with Nipa

the way of

construction.

N // / 400/ 300/ 1 5 4000 800 2666666667 2 4 4000 1000 3333333333 3 4 5000 1250 4166666667 4 4 0 0 5 6 0 0 6 8 6000 750 25 7 11 5000 4545454545 1515151515 8 2 0 0 9 6 5000 8333333333 2777777778

10 3 0 0 11 4 4000 1000 3333333333 12 6 0 0 13 4 0 0 14 4 0 0 15 4 0 0 16 3 1500 500 1666666667 17 3 1500 500 1666666667 18 9 3000 3333333333 1111111111 19 3 1500 500 1666666667 20 7 2000 2857142857 9523809524 21 7 2500 3571428571 119047619 22 4 4000 1000 3333333333 23 7 2000 2857142857 9523809524 24 11 2000 1818181818 6060606061 25 3 5000 1666666667 5555555556 26 3 2000 6666666667 2222222222 27 2 3000 1500 50 28 1 4000 4000 1333333333 29 9 1500 1666666667 5555555556 30 6 2000 3333333333 1111111111 31 6 0 0 32 12 0 0 33 8 0 0 34 5 10000 2000 6666666667

A 5411765 3500 5989686784 1996562261

pipe=2.0

Coconut lumber

12 Coconut lumber

1000600

700

22 Coconut lumber

23 Coconut lumber

12 Coconut lumber

Rubble of concrete

Composting toilet

Sawdust

oor beam 280

200

bucket

No.1 2014.12.27

4*10 370 =4 10

4ft

1.5ft

10ft

0.8ft

nipa

galvalume

10ft =13 P13010ft P370

1piece

cheaper when we

galvalume with Nipa

the way of

construction.

N // / 400/ 300/ 1 5 4000 800 2666666667 2 4 4000 1000 3333333333 3 4 5000 1250 4166666667 4 4 0 0 5 6 0 0 6 8 6000 750 25 7 11 5000 4545454545 1515151515 8 2 0 0 9 6 5000 8333333333 2777777778

10 3 0 0 11 4 4000 1000 3333333333 12 6 0 0 13 4 0 0 14 4 0 0 15 4 0 0 16 3 1500 500 1666666667 17 3 1500 500 1666666667 18 9 3000 3333333333 1111111111 19 3 1500 500 1666666667 20 7 2000 2857142857 9523809524 21 7 2500 3571428571 119047619 22 4 4000 1000 3333333333 23 7 2000 2857142857 9523809524 24 11 2000 1818181818 6060606061 25 3 5000 1666666667 5555555556 26 3 2000 6666666667 2222222222 27 2 3000 1500 50 28 1 4000 4000 1333333333 29 9 1500 1666666667 5555555556 30 6 2000 3333333333 1111111111 31 6 0 0 32 12 0 0 33 8 0 0 34 5 10000 2000 6666666667

A 5411765 3500 5989686784 1996562261

pipe=2.0

Coconut lumber

12 Coconut lumber

1000600

700

22 Coconut lumber

23 Coconut lumber

12 Coconut lumber

Rubble of concrete

Composting toilet

Sawdust

oor beam 280

200

bucket

No.1 2014.12.27

4*10 370 =4 10

4ft

1.5ft

10ft

0.8ft

nipa

galvalume

10ft =13 P13010ft P370

1piece

cheaper when we

galvalume with Nipa

the way of

construction.

N // / 400/ 300/ 1 5 4000 800 2666666667 2 4 4000 1000 3333333333 3 4 5000 1250 4166666667 4 4 0 0 5 6 0 0 6 8 6000 750 25 7 11 5000 4545454545 1515151515 8 2 0 0 9 6 5000 8333333333 2777777778

10 3 0 0 11 4 4000 1000 3333333333 12 6 0 0 13 4 0 0 14 4 0 0 15 4 0 0 16 3 1500 500 1666666667 17 3 1500 500 1666666667 18 9 3000 3333333333 1111111111 19 3 1500 500 1666666667 20 7 2000 2857142857 9523809524 21 7 2500 3571428571 119047619 22 4 4000 1000 3333333333 23 7 2000 2857142857 9523809524 24 11 2000 1818181818 6060606061 25 3 5000 1666666667 5555555556 26 3 2000 6666666667 2222222222 27 2 3000 1500 50 28 1 4000 4000 1333333333 29 9 1500 1666666667 5555555556 30 6 2000 3333333333 1111111111 31 6 0 0 32 12 0 0 33 8 0 0 34 5 10000 2000 6666666667

A 5411765 3500 5989686784 1996562261

I made my house with a carpenter and two helper in 3 days

(From residents)

(From Construction)

(From experience of life)

(From residents)

site

I walked for look for the site. People who tidy their new built houses up spoke to me and I listened to their words. They told me they had two houses in their site. Now they built a temporary house until migration. I told them the substance of my graduation paper and asked them to let me use their site. They smiled, answered okay, and told me it is because the site was vacant. The structuring was started from here.

Barangay67

2014.12.27

2014.12.30

2015.01.02

2015.01.03

2015.01.04

searching for the site /

timbering /

typhoon /

Tacloban

23 JANGMI( SENING)

2014 12 29 29 966hp20m/s

831 3529 301 1

The warning when typhoon Yolanda came was the lowest level, signal level 1, so people did not ee. However, in fact the rain was violet. My inn got also heavy rain. I felt fear even in reinforced concrete construction. The seawater ooded into the coastal area. The sound of rain that hit the roof of galvalume was very noisy and sometimes we cannot talk. The sea level rise to under knee.

The sound when rain hit the galvalume make fear bigger. The sea level was rose and reached under the peoples knees so people could have not went out of their houses. Considerable rainwater entered their houses when they came back next day.

Coconut tree has thick ber so we could break and work it with chisel easily. I think Philippines are unexpectedly good at delicate works from my mind.

When I showed how to make oor up,

Its strong. Lets use it for all part.

The community in the entrance /

skills for nail / TimberworkCoconut tree has thick ber. Its easy to split by beating with a chisel, and good to work. Remembering the days of carpenter works, I nd that Filipino are good at detail-related work.

The entrance is the place for talking. The place for business.

Conversations is born with passing friends, seller, and playing children in the entrance. The entrance become the haunt for communication.

We did timberwork for oor beam and joist. The Philippines seemed tired because of amount of timberwork. However they seemed to be tries to build stronger house even if they had some small troubles.

A man who built their house spoke to me and we talked. He had been waited for move to other place in day-care center for a year. Then he could not wait and returned. He told me he felt his present house like in outside. He did not when he leave that house.

Before typhoon Yolanda came, a woman s and her grandmother s house was stood in the site. Typhoon Yolanda came here during they built a reinforced concrete house and broke it. She had been waited for move to permanent house in other place for a year, ant then she cannot wait and built the house in right side of the site.

I could have not slept.

I could have not escape to out of my house.

I made my house with a carpenter and two helper in 3 days

(From residents)

(From Construction)

(From experience of life)

(From residents)

site

I walked for look for the site. People who tidy their new built houses up spoke to me and I listened to their words. They told me they had two houses in their site. Now they built a temporary house until migration. I told them the substance of my graduation paper and asked them to let me use their site. They smiled, answered okay, and told me it is because the site was vacant. The structuring was started from here.

Barangay67

2014.12.27

2014.12.30

2015.01.02

2015.01.03

2015.01.04

searching for the site /

timbering /

typhoon /

Tacloban

23 JANGMI( SENING)

2014 12 29 29 966hp20m/s

831 3529 301 1

The warning when typhoon Yolanda came was the lowest level, signal level 1, so people did not ee. However, in fact the rain was violet. My inn got also heavy rain. I felt fear even in reinforced concrete construction. The seawater ooded into the coastal area. The sound of rain that hit the roof of galvalume was very noisy and sometimes we cannot talk. The sea level rise to under knee.

The sound when rain hit the galvalume make fear bigger. The sea level was rose and reached under the peoples knees so people could have not went out of their houses. Considerable rainwater entered their houses when they came back next day.

Coconut tree has thick ber so we could break and work it with chisel easily. I think Philippines are unexpectedly good at delicate works from my mind.

When I showed how to make oor up,

Its strong. Lets use it for all part.

The community in the entrance /

skills for nail / TimberworkCoconut tree has thick ber. Its easy to split by beating with a chisel, and good to work. Remembering the days of carpenter works, I nd that Filipino are good at detail-related work.

The entrance is the place for talking. The place for business.

Conversations is born with passing friends, seller, and playing children in the entrance. The entrance become the haunt for communication.

We did timberwork for oor beam and joist. The Philippines seemed tired because of amount of timberwork. However they seemed to be tries to build stronger house even if they had some small troubles.

A man who built their house spoke to me and we talked. He had been waited for move to other place in day-care center for a year. Then he could not wait and returned. He told me he felt his present house like in outside. He did not when he leave that house.

Before typhoon Yolanda came, a woman s and her grandmother s house was stood in the site. Typhoon Yolanda came here during they built a reinforced concrete house and broke it. She had been waited for move to permanent house in other place for a year, ant then she cannot wait and built the house in right side of the site.

I could have not slept.

I could have not escape to out of my house.

2015.01.05

2015.01.06

2015.01.17

2015.01.18~

2015.01.22

2015.01.07~15

Harder wood, softer wood /

Common use /

Work up on the roof /

When I bought a coconuts, harder and softer woods are mixed. There are also dierence of if its center or out, the cause is a lot of young woods are mixed in it which is downed by YORANDA. Softer woods split by just hit a nail. But to use up whole a tree in Tacloban where has big coconut industry is important.

main structure:

oor joist: softer

As I stay in the building site, people meeting and talking by using public facilities (ex. Water service, lavatory, drying area) which they dont have it in their own house. I nd that, many common things and spaces Outside of houses pile up and make regional characteristics. There are many common things but not so many common spaces perhaps because of site location, it seems less the community is actively pursued.

The problem is that its heavy. Not to climb up on the roof.

I proposed that making a roof on the ground and lifting it up on the top, because it must be dicult to bind the nipa palm to the frame or to build the roof frames at higher place, but Filipino thinks thats not good because the weight of parts becomes heavy and a big number of people are needed for it. We decided that we built the roof frames on the ground and bind the nipa on the roof by discussing with Filipino. Actually I worked up on the roof and it was really dicult to work, hard to keep my power. I found important thing to construction is to see local method and technique which I have.

For Japanese me, its a problem to climb up on the roof, but for Filipino problem is that the weight becomes heavy and it can't be made with a small number of people. Its a perception gap between local people and me. But actually its dicult to work on the roof and also it takes long. The roof must be lighter and be uplifted.

Changed the construction process by discussing with Filipino

Rope work /

Family community /

Fasten tightly

Easy to loosen

Bind up

Most of the Filipino tie everything with rope. I thought it was like Furoshiki, which is Japanese traditional wrapping cloth because most of the Japanese wrap up everything with Furoshiki. They used those three ways fasten tightly, easy to loosen and bind up, as the main knot. I think things

Infrastructure experiment / I tried nd and make what I need living in the house.I explain Filipino composting toilet and bring a dierent culture. Another side I discover that I could make hot water in my life.

In Philippine its not rare that peoples relatives and their brothers live nearby their family. Their friends not connecting by their blood just sit in front door of a house but people connecting by blood can go inside the house and be relaxed just like their house. To guarantee their minimum level of living, it is necessary to break the bonds of their community.

Friends (front door community)

Family and relatives

2015.01.06

Composting

Ive been used composting toilet for a week. Solid and liquid waste segregation type. It didnt have vermination or bad smell, but I smelled the faint odor of sawn wood which is putted in it as a desiccant.

Rainwater ElectricityI tried to charge the mobile battery with a small solar panel but it doesnt have enough electric-generating capacity.

As I measure the temperature of water in blue bucket which I put outside, it was 37 and water run out of black hose from a water supply records 43.5. Using this system I could wash my body with hot water at last.

Solar heat

I took samples of water from a well, a water supply and rainwater. To examine water pollution I did Colon bacillus inspection. As a result, water from well was most dirty, water supply and rainwater was equally. There are many people using well water mainly, this result stimulates rainwater using. I will test simple ltration for rainwaters possibility.

Select harder wood for structure, consume softer wood as studding or oor joist.

2015.01.05

2015.01.06

2015.01.17

2015.01.18~

2015.01.22

2015.01.07~15

Harder wood, softer wood /

Common use /

Work up on the roof /

When I bought a coconuts, harder and softer woods are mixed. There are also dierence of if its center or out, the cause is a lot of young woods are mixed in it which is downed by YORANDA. Softer woods split by just hit a nail. But to use up whole a tree in Tacloban where has big coconut industry is important.

main structure:

oor joist: softer

As I stay in the building site, people meeting and talking by using public facilities (ex. Water service, lavatory, drying area) which they dont have it in their own house. I nd that, many common things and spaces Outside of houses pile up and make regional characteristics. There are many common things but not so many common spaces perhaps because of site location, it seems less the community is actively pursued.

The problem is that its heavy. Not to climb up on the roof.

I proposed that making a roof on the ground and lifting it up on the top, because it must be dicult to bind the nipa palm to the frame or to build the roof frames at higher place, but Filipino thinks thats not good because the weight of parts becomes heavy and a big number of people are needed for it. We decided that we built the roof frames on the ground and bind the nipa on the roof by discussing with Filipino. Actually I worked up on the roof and it was really dicult to work, hard to keep my power. I found important thing to construction is to see local method and technique which I have.

For Japanese me, its a problem to climb up on the roof, but for Filipino problem is that the weight becomes heavy and it can't be made with a small number of people. Its a perception gap between local people and me. But actually its dicult to work on the roof and also it takes long. The roof must be lighter and be uplifted.

Changed the construction process by discussing with Filipino

Rope work /

Family community /

Fasten tightly

Easy to loosen

Bind up

Most of the Filipino tie everything with rope. I thought it was like Furoshiki, which is Japanese traditional wrapping cloth because most of the Japanese wrap up everything with Furoshiki. They used those three ways fasten tightly, easy to loosen and bind up, as the main knot. I think things

Infrastructure experiment / I tried nd and make what I need living in the house.I explain Filipino composting toilet and bring a dierent culture. Another side I discover that I could make hot water in my life.

In Philippine its not rare that peoples relatives and their brothers live nearby their family. Their friends not connecting by their blood just sit in front door of a house but people connecting by blood can go inside the house and be relaxed just like their house. To guarantee their minimum level of living, it is necessary to break the bonds of their community.

Friends (front door community)

Family and relatives

2015.01.06

Composting

Ive been used composting toilet for a week. Solid and liquid waste segregation type. It didnt have vermination or bad smell, but I smelled the faint odor of sawn wood which is putted in it as a desiccant.

Rainwater ElectricityI tried to charge the mobile battery with a small solar panel but it doesnt have enough electric-generating capacity.

As I measure the temperature of water in blue bucket which I put outside, it was 37 and water run out of black hose from a water supply records 43.5. Using this system I could wash my body with hot water at last.

Solar heat

I took samples of water from a well, a water supply and rainwater. To examine water pollution I did Colon bacillus inspection. As a result, water from well was most dirty, water supply and rainwater was equally. There are many people using well water mainly, this result stimulates rainwater using. I will test simple ltration for rainwaters possibility.

Select harder wood for structure, consume softer wood as studding or oor joist.

2743

4877

2438 2438

The community in front of entrance

Family community

Minimum space

We will minimalize the living space to curb our spending but spread space of living with rope and tent.

Pogon uses outside space

conpost toilet

We are going to spread the entrance by putting tent on outside space. If we do so, The communication with people who pass in front of the entrance will be increase. Furthermore it will be middle space and people can enter the house easily.

Spreading minimum space so that people get the space for their relatives.

3810

610

152

2938

1829

1/60

Panelize of using nail (the skills of nail) ( )

Floor framing plan

Galvanlime plywood

way to build

Each oor plan /

waste materialnipa

People in Tacloban are used to drive nails so

they make panel with nail easily. (They

indeed did it when we did like that on

structure of roof.) We put the panels as the

base and put walls. I try to improve the

eciency of work by make walls and make it

panel. We will use waste materials with many

intermediate posts.

Panel

Floor wall Roof

Finish

Move : Making the size of panel to suit

the standard of jeepney, and people can

move this materials to new places after

10ft

3ft

W e i n s e r t a n d fasten panel to the p o s t t h a t i s c ompo s ed o f 3 posts (the middle one has holes).

Assembly drawing for room under roof Roof plan

way to build

Post Floor panel

Bunch of post side of wall (entrance side)

Bunch of post Roof panel

Floor panel wall panel (entrance side) roof panel

Floor panel

We make 3 poles to a post by tying.

Post Roof panel

Roof panel

We pinch wall panel with oor panel and roof panel.

The post to put roof panels on.

Post

W e i n s e r t a n d fasten panel to the p o s t t h a t i s c ompo s ed o f 3 osts (the middle one has holes).

1/100

typhoon and rope /

We are going to use the rope as the reinforcement of the house by folding the part of tent when typhoon comes.

AA

B C

A

A. tie tight

C

B

We tie rope tightly on atop parts as impossible to undo.

We tie up rope and x the house on. We tie up the rope after put holes eventually.

B. easy to undo C. tie up

We tie rope so that people can undo easily because they will fold this part in some cases like typhoon comes.

typhoon and rope /

We are going to use the rope as the reinforcement of the house by folding the part of tent when typhoon comes.

AA

B C

A

A. tie tight

C

B

We tie rope tightly on atop parts as impossible to undo.

We tie up rope and x the house on. We tie up the rope after put holes eventually.

B. easy to undo C. tie up

We tie rope so that people can undo easily because they will fold this part in some cases like typhoon comes.

Joint things /

Compost and eldPublic things and tentRecovery of minimum model house

There are many things people share. I will keep the house minimum by using joint things to advantage and making joint space.

public

eldcompost

house

shadow after the disaster tent

The community is gone when there is no work.

tent

Shadow was the place to work and communicate.

Minimum house

the life ll out to outside

The community will be regenerateMinimum house

Minimum house

amplication

By making tent on the place where lost shadow, I will reproduce the space for work and communicate.

Putting tent near joint things oers residents joint space and it will be haunt. Moreover there is problems of rights so we will make light removable tent with rope. (I showed the plan for the tent to the residents and talked with administer about it actually. I knew the administer by sight because the village was highly socially connected. He told it is no problem if it is temporary one.)

Sewage and toilet above the sea is one of the source of water pollution. I am going to stop the water contamination by change it to composting toilet. The compost will be collected and use as manure in their eld.

Public shower

waterlaundry tent

play ground tenttavern

conpost

water

Public toiletconpost toilet

Joint things /

Compost and eldPublic things and tentRecovery of minimum model house

There are many things people share. I will keep the house minimum by using joint things to advantage and making joint space.

public

eldcompost

house

shadow after the disaster tent

The community is gone when there is no work.

tent

Shadow was the place to work and communicate.

Minimum house

the life ll out to outside

The community will be regenerateMinimum house

Minimum house

amplication

By making tent on the place where lost shadow, I will reproduce the space for work and communicate.

Putting tent near joint things oers residents joint space and it will be haunt. Moreover there is problems of rights so we will make light removable tent with rope. (I showed the plan for the tent to the residents and talked with administer about it actually. I knew the administer by sight because the village was highly socially connected. He told it is no problem if it is temporary one.)

Sewage and toilet above the sea is one of the source of water pollution. I am going to stop the water contamination by change it to composting toilet. The compost will be collected and use as manure in their eld.

Public shower

waterlaundry tent

play ground tenttavern

conpost

water

Public toiletconpost toilet

53

A week later from my return to Japan, I got a e-mail from the owner of the site.

We cleaned up with everyone!

I recalled she said that there is beautiful garden in here before the typhoon came, but now that softly when I was in Tacloban.

That is the result I succeeded to change their mind.

I cannot say like that.

However, I felt like something changed by the architect staying with local people in the site and building the houses.

Such a value of construction on the ground is important.

I am sure that small change makes small but also big changes.

53

A week later from my return to Japan, I got a e-mail from the owner of the site.

We cleaned up with everyone!

I recalled she said that there is beautiful garden in here before the typhoon came, but now that softly when I was in Tacloban.

That is the result I succeeded to change their mind.

I cannot say like that.

However, I felt like something changed by the architect staying with local people in the site and building the houses.

Such a value of construction on the ground is important.

I am sure that small change makes small but also big changes.

4

Just before I was joining the Dept. of Design and Architecture, the Great East Japan Earthquake happened.

After starting my new life at the university, I didn t know right end nor left end.

However, I was wondering what I can do and was eager to join the Bamboo house project.

Now I assure that this project is my central approach for the architecture.

This project aimed to build an assembly house mainly made of natural bamboos, whose lifetime is short, doing repairs provides the locals and

students chances to have good communications and live together under the house.

Living together / In history, Japanese architecture has put much value on repairing cultural buildings to maintain its constructions, structures and designs when they get old.

Bamboo Ark

4

Just before I was joining the Dept. of Design and Architecture, the Great East Japan Earthquake happened.

After starting my new life at the university, I didn t know right end nor left end.

However, I was wondering what I can do and was eager to join the Bamboo house project.

Now I assure that this project is my central approach for the architecture.

This project aimed to build an assembly house mainly made of natural bamboos, whose lifetime is short, doing repairs provides the locals and

students chances to have good communications and live together under the house.

Living together / In history, Japanese architecture has put much value on repairing cultural buildings to maintain its constructions, structures and designs when they get old.

Bamboo Ark

248.88

170.06

Smiles are born in Bamboo Ark

248.88

170.06

Smiles are born in Bamboo Ark

Shigaken Hikoneshi

Miyagiken Kesennumashi

The Great East Japan Earthquake happened at March, 11, 2011. The tsunami went over maximum 40m.

Japanese government conrms 18,460 people were killed or went missing and 399,617 buildings were

completely or half destroyed. At a peak period, the numerical value was reported that more than a four

hundred thousand refugees, more than eight million bloke down household, and more than a million

and half cut o water household.

We decided to build a meeting place from local people s claim that they did not have even a place they

hold meeting in Kesen-numa, Miyagi in summer when the disaster was attacked. We completed building

the meeting place by only our unaided construction in September, 2011. I came to Kesen-numa every

year to repair and hold small festival from that year.

5 years have passed since the earthquake happened. Recovery seems to be almost nished. However, in

fact, long maintenance work had nished nally and the recovery begun at last. The students of the

University of Shiga Prefecture have kept having relations with local people, visited to this spot, and have

a relationship with the building and town. This architecture has been continued even by extending 4

years temporary term.

2011 3 11 40m

18,460 399,617

40 800 180

2011 9

5

4

Shigaken Hikoneshi

Miyagiken Kesennumashi

The Great East Japan Earthquake happened at March, 11, 2011. The tsunami went over maximum 40m.

Japanese government conrms 18,460 people were killed or went missing and 399,617 buildings were

completely or half destroyed. At a peak period, the numerical value was reported that more than a four

hundred thousand refugees, more than eight million bloke down household, and more than a million

and half cut o water household.

We decided to build a meeting place from local people s claim that they did not have even a place they

hold meeting in Kesen-numa, Miyagi in summer when the disaster was attacked. We completed building

the meeting place by only our unaided construction in September, 2011. I came to Kesen-numa every

year to repair and hold small festival from that year.

5 years have passed since the earthquake happened. Recovery seems to be almost nished. However, in

fact, long maintenance work had nished nally and the recovery begun at last. The students of the

University of Shiga Prefecture have kept having relations with local people, visited to this spot, and have

a relationship with the building and town. This architecture has been continued even by extending 4

years temporary term.

2011 3 11 40m

18,460 399,617

40 800 180

2011 9

5

4

type (on 01-axis)

A1 A1

A1 C1

A2 A2 A2

A2

A4 A3

A+ type (on 46-axis) B type (on 24-axis)

A1 A2 A1 A2A4

FB1

FB2

FT1

FT2

FB1

FB2

FT1

FT2

FB1

FB2

FT1

FT2

A1C1

A3

FT1: truss, D50, Ma-dake, FT2: post, D80, Ma-dakeFB1,FB2: foundation beam, D80 ~ 30, Mou-sou-chiku

A1,A2,A4: arch, D60 ~ 30, Mou-sou-chikuA3: D40, curved truss, Ma-dakeC1: 2-D80, column, Mou-sou-chiku

Immediately after the earthquake, building materials was insucient. Bamboo grew and not lose to the Tunami. When we started the design, made our motto to make of material in this area and to build by ourself.

Bamboo structure/

4

Self build/ 48 main frames are assembled while laid on the ground. We erected the produced main frames in order.This process is to allow construction by ourself.

48

2011.3.11Tohoku earthquake2011.9 Bamboo House Constraction WS12011.10 Bamboo House Constraction WS2

2012.5 Make outside space/Spring festival2012.9 Repair WS/Summer festival2012.12 Repair WS/Winter festival

2013.5 Repair WS/Spring festival2013.9 Beach House Constraction WS2013.10 Repair WS/Autumn festival

2013.5 Repair WS/Spring festival

2013.10 Repair WS/Autumn festival

2015.5 Repair WS/Spring festival2015.10 Major Repair/Autumn festival

Miyagiken Kesennumashi Motoyoshityo /

N

Site

Construction permission period of four years

Permit extension period

type (on 01-axis)

A1 A1

A1 C1

A2 A2 A2

A2

A4 A3

A+ type (on 46-axis) B type (on 24-axis)

A1 A2 A1 A2A4

FB1

FB2

FT1

FT2

FB1

FB2

FT1

FT2

FB1

FB2

FT1

FT2

A1C1

A3

FT1: truss, D50, Ma-dake, FT2: post, D80, Ma-dakeFB1,FB2: foundation beam, D80 ~ 30, Mou-sou-chiku

A1,A2,A4: arch, D60 ~ 30, Mou-sou-chikuA3: D40, curved truss, Ma-dakeC1: 2-D80, column, Mou-sou-chiku

Immediately after the earthquake, building materials was insucient. Bamboo grew and not lose to the Tunami. When we started the design, made our motto to make of material in this area and to build by ourself.

Bamboo structure/

4

Self build/ 48 main frames are assembled while laid on the ground. We erected the produced main frames in order.This process is to allow construction by ourself.

48

2011.3.11Tohoku earthquake2011.9 Bamboo House Constraction WS12011.10 Bamboo House Constraction WS2

2012.5 Make outside space/Spring festival2012.9 Repair WS/Summer festival2012.12 Repair WS/Winter festival

2013.5 Repair WS/Spring festival2013.9 Beach House Constraction WS2013.10 Repair WS/Autumn festival

2015.5 Repair WS/Spring festival2015.10 Major Repair/Autumn festival

Miyagiken Kesennumashi Motoyoshityo /

N

Site

Construction permission period of four years

Permit extension period

Site

On the day of the earthquake, 200 people of the region were gathered

in order to escape from tsunami in this hill with a view of the sea .

200

Location : Kesennuma-city, Miyagi-prefectur

Principal use : Community center

Building area : 248.88 m

Total oor area : 170.06 m

Structure : Bamboo

Site

On the day of the earthquake, 200 people of the region were gathered

in order to escape from tsunami in this hill with a view of the sea .

200

Location : Kesennuma-city, Miyagi-prefectur

Principal use : Community center

Building area : 248.88 m

Total oor area : 170.06 m

Structure : Bamboo

N

s.1/150

Making space by bending bambooBuilding of the bamboo meeting place will do by only local people. Bamboo is easy to bend by human s power. Besides we can make big interval by arch eect by bending.

N

plan

Round bamboo drainboard oor lattice /

Roof with membrane matrix

roof plan

We will put round bamboo up like lattice and compose oor framing. This oor framing plays fundamental role that receives counterforce by arch frame. Besides it makes a large comfortable bench space where people can view the sea.

We are going to use membrane for cladding to make weight of building lighter. In addition, membrane pass sickly light and make velvety inside.

Successive inside space / Using about 6m bamboo is promising. We can get it in local region and it gives the building enough strength. It create integrated and big inside space by using spiral arrangement.

section

N

s.1/150

Making space by bending bambooBuilding of the bamboo meeting place will do by only local people. Bamboo is easy to bend by human s power. Besides we can make big interval by arch eect by bending.

N

plan

Round bamboo drainboard oor lattice /

Roof with membrane matrix

roof plan

We will put round bamboo up like lattice and compose oor framing. This oor framing plays fundamental role that receives counterforce by arch frame. Besides it makes a large comfortable bench space where people can view the sea.

We are going to use membrane for cladding to make weight of building lighter. In addition, membrane pass sickly light and make velvety inside.

Successive inside space / Using about 6m bamboo is promising. We can get it in local region and it gives the building enough strength. It create integrated and big inside space by using spiral arrangement.

section

Mock up in University of Shiga Prefecture Mock up in the site (Miyagiken Kesennumashi Motoyoshityo)

Mock up / 2

We made mock up in university of Shiga Prefecture to check the strength and detail. After that, actually made two frames in the site, it was conrmed the appearance of the eld.

arch, column

beam

arch

beam

arch

beam

Gaffer tape

Mock up in University of Shiga Prefecture Mock up in the site (Miyagiken Kesennumashi Motoyoshityo)

Mock up / 2

We made mock up in university of Shiga Prefecture to check the strength and detail. After that, actually made two frames in the site, it was conrmed the appearance of the eld.

arch, column

beam

arch

beam

arch

beam

Gaffer tape

Construction ow and details

1. FoundationThis building does not have rigid reinforced concrete foundation, instead it has spread foundation with metal insulating sandwich panels put on.

2. Making frames on the ground48 main frames are assembled while laid on the ground. The joint of bamboos is made by the joint method using special gaer tape, rope, and partial cutting as mentioned above. Because Mou-sou-chiku, used for the main frames, is a material which has large deection and irregularity, it is dicult to reproduce exactly the designed form. Therefore, the priority was given to the position of the top of each frame and the length of the arch faced outside than inside.

3. Erection of frames We erected the produced main frames in order, and xed the neighboring foundation truss beams by using trusses of Ma-dake to prevent fall of the frames. Steel binding wire was used to bind those trusses. It was necessary to bind them strongly until some section of bamboo deforms a little to prevent the drifting in joint. At the same time, a lot of sand bags (the number reaches 600) were xed to foundation truss beam, they resist blowing up wind load.

4. Panel ooringThe oor nishing inside the building, not interfering with arch or post, is metal insulating sandwich panels same as those used in the foundation. To adjust various bamboo deection and construction error on upper side of the foundation beam and to keep the uniform level of ooring, we put stretching joists of Ma-dake on the foundation beam. Panels were nailed to joists directly with screws.

5. Bearing wall made of split bamboo To resist the peripheral tension of membrane, bearing walls were set up over four spans of arches at both the ends. The bearing walls were composed of split bamboos, which were about 90 mm diameter and divided into 6 pieces, woven like mesh pattern. They were fastened to the arch frame by steel thin binding wire and rope. At intersection points of bamboos in mesh pattern, split bamboos were cut to make wire binding easy, because the sliding between split bamboos leads to degradation of the strength of wall.

6. Roof (the left 2 photos in Fig. 9)The roof, which has lens-like form, is a structure made by combining upper and lower curved beams and trusses in both X and Y direction. At rst, the roof was erected on the ground, and next dressed with nishing tarpaulin membrane, nally lifted up and brought on the top of erected main frames. The connection between bamboo members was made by using rope. In particular, large axial force works on truss and necessary strength against that is required, so that joint method proposed above using special gaer tape and rope is applied.

7. Peripheral membrane (the right 2 photos in Fig. 9)The peripheral membrane was made of a large continuous fabric not divided, and was constructed like opening a curtain along the rail of rope put in near the tops of main frames. After xing the top and bottom of the fabric to designed position, the middle part of fabric was fastened to main frames adjusting the location of the arches. The membrane becomes tensioned membrane and builds a whole structure with main frames.

8. Bamboo ooringThe oor of centre and outer periphery, where the arches and ooring scramble, and deck extending toward outside were nished by laying bamboos without a break. In this construction, Ma-dake which has small deviation in section form and straight body in its longitudinal direction was utilized.