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Hip Impingement in Hockey Players: focus on butterfly style goalies Christopher Larson, MD Twin Cities Orthopedics, Edina MN Team Physician: Minnesota Wild David Rust, MD Orthopedic Sports Medicine Fellow

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Overview Anatomy What is impingement? Affect on hockey players/goalies Treatment options Other hip problems Future of research and INJURY PREVENTION!!

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Hip = ball and socket joint Femur = thigh bone, head and neck are involved Acetabulum = part of the pelvic ring Labrum = cartilage ring on rim of acetabulum, mechanical bumper, seals the hip joint (gasket) Articular cartilage = smooth gliding surface, worn out in arthritic joints

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What is impingement? FAI = Femoral-Acetabular Impingement Abnormal contact between the ball and rim/socket during activity Results from a ball that is not perfectly round (CAM) or a socket that is too deep (PINCER) Labral Tear Repetitive impingement leads to pinching of the labrum between the ball and socket Labral tears are common and often do not cause pain Important to recognize and treat the underlying impingement

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Signs and Symptoms Deep sharp groin pain Worse with quick turns Limited hip rotation/flexibility/stiff Unable to sit for prolonged periods Groin / Front of the hip pain after activity Impingement test = pain with hip flexion and internal rotation

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Must rule out other causes of pain Muscle and tendon strains Contusions, fractures Athletic pubalgia / SPORTS HERNIA

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Butterfly Effect Evolution of style Rules and regulations Increased rate of surgery Approximately 5-10 NHL goalies per year have FAI surgery: JS Giguere Tim Thomas Niklas Backstrom Vesa Toskala Patrick Roy Josh Harding Antero Niitimaki Rick DiPietro Ray Emery Craig Anderson

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Butterfly Effect Skills that may place hip at risk pad flares recovery pushes T-pushes/One foot stops One knee down on post butterfly drops

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Treatment Options First step should be to work with coaches and athletic trainers to identify likely cause of pain Examination (with experienced provider) and regular x-rays will confirm diagnosis When should an MRI be considered? Recent study found positive MRI finding in 77% of asymptomatic professional and NCAA hockey players

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FAI X-Rays

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Treatment Options Anti-inflammatory meds, rest, ice Modifications in technique and equipment, decreased repetitions Therapy can work on strengthening core muscles and hip rotators Numbing injections can assist in determining the source of pain, but cortisone is usually avoided in young patients

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Treatment Options When should surgery be considered? Unable to perform athletics despite non-surgical treatment Pain with daily activities In our experience, athletes that have problems at a younger age are more likely to eventually need surgery and are at risk for more significant hip damage

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Hip Arthroscopy Dr Larson has published over 40 articles regarding hip injuries in athletes & has operated on over 50 US and European Hockey Goalies from high school to the professional level in the last 3 years as a result of Impingement and disabling pain. We are currently conducting several studies looking at the anatomy of the Hockey Goalie. Before SurgeryAfter Surgery

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Can we prevent impingement? Shape of hip develops over time while the body is growing Primarily takes shape during adolescent growth spurt Ages 10-14 in girls and 12-16 in boys Depends on type of activity and number of repetitions May be similar to throwing injuries in youth baseball

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Possible preventive strategies core fitness program for young goalies to strengthen muscles and/or maintain flexibility Improve upright Posture in butterfly and splits positions skill repetition limits in practice greater off-season time, cross-training equipment limitations or improvements

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What does the future hold? Research looking at hockey goalies and players of all ages to find trends and identify who is at risk Rules and regulations to help protect athletes from injury Guidelines and recommendations for youth athletes, parents, and coaches

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Research Study: Cam Impingement in Butterfly Goalies Goal is to better understand, predict, and prevent hip injuries Hockey goalies, hockey players, non-hockey players, with or without symptoms, ages 10-40 No cost to enroll Participants will complete questionnaire, examination, and x-rays No personal identifying information Gain knowledge with respect to the RISK of developing HIP problems based on the Examination and Xrays Minimal physical risk Radiation from x-ray less than the typical annual exposure for an average Minnesota resident

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Research Study: Cam Impingement in Butterfly Goalies Participation requires signed consent (adults and parent/guardian) and assent (adolescent) If interested please contact: Becky Stone @ beckystone@tcomn.com or 952-456-7136beckystone@tcomn.com Dave Rust @ drust1@fairview.orgdrust1@fairview.org

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Thank You Twin Cities Orthopedics, Edina