hilatura algodon 1 informe

7/25/2019 Hilatura Algodon 1 Informe

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SISTEMAS DE FORMADORES DE HILOS 32016-1

UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE INGENIERAFACULTAD DE INGENIERA QUMICA Y TEXTIL

REA ACADMICA DE INGENIERA TEXTIL

SISTEMA DE FORMADORES DE HILOS 3

PERIODO ACADMICO 2016-I

INFORME NO1

HILATURA DEL ALGODON

PROFESOR I!"# CARLOS DIAS

REALI$ADO POR C%&'())* +%),./ F./

FECHA DE ENTREGA DEL INFORME 2016

LIMA-PER


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NDICE

PROCESO DE HILATURA CONVENCIONAL 3

HUMIDIFICACION 3

APERTURA 6

CARDADO 12

MANUARES 16

PEINADO 21

MECHERA 24

CONTINUA 41BIBLIOGRAFIA 48


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PROCESO DE HILATURA CONVENCIONAL

Conjunto ! t"#n$#%& n!#!&%'$%& (%'% #on)!'t$' !n *$+o +%& ,$-'%& t!.t$+!& #o/o +% +%n%0 !+%+on u ot'%& /%t!'$%& %n+o%& /!$%nt! un ('o#!&o $nu&t'$%+ ! '!,$n%/$!nto t'%-%j%!n !+ &!#to' ! +% *$+%tu'%5L% *$+%tu'% !& un ('o#!&o $nu&t'$%+ !n !+ u!0 % -%&! ! o(!'%#$on!& /& o /!noo/(+!j%&0 #on +%& ,$-'%& t!.t$+!&0 7% &!%n n%tu'%+!& o %'t$,$#$%+!&0 &! #'!% un nu!)o #u!'(o

t!.t$+ ,$no0 %+%'%o0 '!&$&t!nt! 7 ,+!.$-+! ++%/%o *$+o5 L% *$&to'$% ! +% *$+%tu'% !&t !n !+/$&/o o'$!n ! +% ut$+$%#$n u! !+ *o/-'! *$o ! +%& ,$-'%& n%tu'%+!&5 En !&! o'$!n0 +%('$/!'% *!''%/$!nt% ! *$+%o ,u!'on +%& ('o($%& /%no& !+ *o/-'! u!0 '!%+$%no un%&!n#$++% to'&$n &o-'! un /%nojo ! ,$-'%&0 /%nu,%#tu' un *$+o &$/(+!0 &u!(t$-+! ! &!'*$+%o nu!)%/!nt!0 t'!n%o0 o !/(+!%o !n +% ,%-'$#%#$n ! t!j$o&5 L% *$+%tu'% !& +%/%nu,%#tu'% -&$#% ! to% +% $nu&t'$% t!.t$+5 E& +$#o u! &o-'! !+ (!',!##$on%/$!nto !%u!++% !%n&! !+ !&%''o++o ! "&t%9 %&:0 #on !+ (%&o !+ t$!/(o0 +% t!#no+o:% *%)!n$o *%#$"no+% #%% )! /& #o/(+!j% 7 /& ('!#$&%0(!',!##$on%no +% *$+%tu'% #+&$#%0 !&(!#$%+$no+% !n +% #on&!#u#$n ! ('ou#to&&$nu+%'!&0 '!u!'$o& (o' /ot$)o& !#on/$#o& 7 (%'% ,$n!& t!.t$+!& #on#'!to&5


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HUMIDIFICACIN

S$ !+ '!% ! ('ou##$n t$!n! ('o-+!/%& #on +o& /%t!'$%+!& #o/o -%j% %-&o'#$n0!&tt$#%0 *$+o u!-'%$o0 (o+)o o (!+u&% +o u! &! n!#!&$t% !& un *u/$$,$#%o'5

G!n!'%+/!nt! !&to& ('o-+!/%& &! ('!&!nt%n (o'u! !+ %$'! !n !+ %/-$!nt! !&t &!#o 7 no&! /%nt$!n! !+ n$)!+ #o''!#to ! *u/!% '!+%t$)%5

F%#to'!& % #on&$!'%' !n '!+%#$n % +% *u/$$,$#%#$n

E+ %$'! &!#o o#%&$on% u! +o& /%t!'$%+!& t!n%n -%j% %-&o'#$n %,!#t%no +% #%+$% 7('ou#t$)$%5

; E+ *$+o #on (o#% *$'oo($% ('o)o#% u! !+ /%t!'$%+ &!% /& !+%o0 /!no& !+&t$#o0!n!'% /& ,'$##$n 7 &!% /& ('o(!n&o % +% !+!#t'$#$% !&tt$#%5

; Lo& /%t!'$%+!& u! t$!n!n un #o''!#to n$)!+ ! *u/!% t$!n!n /!no& ('o-%-$+$% !u!-'%'&!0 #%+!nt%'&! 7 ('ou#$' ,'$##$n5 S! /%n!j%n /!jo'0 t$!n!n /!no&$/(!',!##$on!&0 &on /& un$,o'/!& 7 &! &$!nt!n /!jo' %+ t%#to5

; A+ #ont%' #on un% *u/!% '!+%t$)% %!#u%% &! '!u#!n +o& ('o-+!/%& ! !+!#t'$#$%!&tt$#% (!'/$t$!no u! +o& /%t!'$%+!& &!%n /& /%n!j%-+!& 7 u! +% )!+o#$% ! +%&/u$n%& &! $n#'!/!nt!5

; E+ (!&o ! +o& /%t!'$%+!& !& !&t%n%'$%o % 6


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; Lo& %to/$%o'!& o,'!#!n un !,!#to ! !n,'$%/$!nto !n !+ %/-$!nt!0 '!u#$!no +%&t!/(!'%tu'%& u&u%+/!nt! %+t%& !n +% ,-'$#%5

S$&t!/%& ! *u/$$,$#%#$n

; Hu/$$,$#%o'!& ! )%(o'Hu/$$,$#%o'!& #on !+!#t'oo& !n!'%no )%(o' %uto/t$#%/!nt!0 #on un #ont'o+ (o'/$#'o('o#!&%o' 7 #$+$n'o& +$/($%-+!& o !&!#*%-+!&Son $&(on$-+!& !n &$!t! #%(%#$%!& $,!'!nt!&0 ! @ *%&t% < (o' *o'%0 7 &! (u!!n

junt%' !n un &$&t!/% /%!&t'o!+%)o u! (u!! &u/$n$&t'%' *%&t% < >* ! )%(o'5

; Hu/$$,$#%o'!& (o' %to/$%#$n ! %$'! 7 %u%R!u+%#$n ('!#$&% ! +% *u/!%

B%jo #on&u/o ! !n!':%Co&t!& o(!'%t$)o& '!u#$o&B%jo /%nt!n$/$!ntoE,!#to ! !n,'$%/$!nto &u&t%n#$%+Con&u/o ! %$'! #o/('$/$o 7 ! %u% /& -%jo ! too& +o& *u/$$,$#%o'!& (o'%to/$%#$n %$'!>%u%

; Hu/$$,$#%o'!& (o' !)%(o'%#$nE+ *u/$$,$#%o' (o' !)%(o'%#$n /& *$$"n$#o !+ /unoEno'/!& %*o''o& ! !n!':%

Mu7 (o#o /%nt!n$/$!ntoD$&!o /ou+%' (%'% %!#u%'&! % #u%+u$!' %(+$#%#$nMu7 -%j% *u!++% ! #%'-onoH%&t% 12C ! !n,'$%/$!nto +$-'!To%& +o& '!n$/$!nto& ! *u/!% &$n ot$t%&

; Hu/$$,$#%o'!& /)$+!&E)%(o'% *u/!% ,'!%Hu/$$,$#% '%n!& '!%& ! /& ! 1


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;Hu/$$,$#%o'!& ! %+t% ('!#$&$nR!u+%#$n ('!#$&% ! +% *u/!%B%jo #on&u/o ! !n!':%Co&t!& o(!'%t$)o& '!u#$o&B%jo /%nt!n$/$!ntoE,!#to ! !n,'$%/$!nto &u&t%n#$%+Con&u/o ! %$'! #o/('$/$o 7 ! %u% /& -%jo ! too& +o& *u/$$,$#%o'!& (o'%to/$%#$n %$'!>%u%

APERTURA

E+ ('o#!&o ! *$+%tu'% %-%'#% !&! +% %(!'tu'% ! +% ,$-'% (o' /!$o !+ -%t$!nt!0(%&%no (o' !+ #%'%o0 *%&t% +% *$+%tu'% 7 !+ !n#on%o5

A(!'tu'%0 /!#+% 7 !n&$/%j!

Lo ('$/!'o u! &! *%#! #on +% ,$-'% !n !+ ('o#!&o ! *$+%tu'% !& *%#!' +% /!#+% ! ,$-'%&0A+ !&t%' &o/!t$% +% ,$-'% u'%nt! #$!'to t$!/(o % un% '%n ('!&$n (o' !+ !/-%+%j! o!/(%#%o +% /%&% ! ,$-'%& &! % %'u(%o %(!+/%no&! (o' +o u! !& n!#!&%'$o%-'$'+%0 $&'!%'+% (%'% (o!' %(+$#%' +o& (o&t!'$o'!& o(!'%#$on!& ! t'%n&,o'/%#$n5


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L% /!#+% &! *%#! (%'% *o/o!n$%' +%& $,!'!nt!& #%+$%!& ! '!!n!'%o 7 /%t!'$%+!&0!n #%&o ! j%&(! ,$-'%& ! $,!'!nt!& #o+o'!& +o& $,!'!nt!& #o+o'!& ! /%t!'$%+!& u!(u!!n *%-!' &$o t!$%& ('!)$%/!nt!5

E+ %(%'%to u! &! u&% (%'% /!#+%' !& !+ -%t$!nt! o %-'$o'%0 on! &! %-'! +% ,$-'% 7t$!n! &%+$%& n!u/t$#%& (o' tu-!':%& 7 &! (u!! $'$$' +% &%+$% ! ,$-'%& o -$!n0 % un%on% !+ #u%'to !+ -%t$!nt! o % un% *%-$t%#$n ! '!(o&o& #u%no 7% !&t !-$%/!nt!/!#+%%5 En !&t% o(!'%#$n &! %%! !n&$/%j! % +%& ,$-'%& % ,$n ! +u-'$#%'+%& 7 ,%#$+$t%'!+ t'%-%jo ! +%& #%'%&

E+ !n&$/%j! !& un %#!$t! !/u+&$on%-+! !& !#$'0 &! (u!! /!#+%' !+ %u% ,o'/%no un%!/u+&$n0 +% /%7o' (%'t! !+ %u% &! (o' !)%(o'%'0 (!'o !+ %#!$t! u!%' !n +% ,$-'% 7!& +o u! '!%+/!nt! %7u%' !n +% o(!'%#$n ! #%'%o5

En !n!'%+ +% #%nt$% ! !/u+&$n n!#!&%'$% !& ! un 1


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R!#$-$' tu'no5 R!#o+!#t%' #$nt%5 P!%' (%#%&5 O'%n$%' %+%/-'!5 C%/-$%' on% ! t'%-%jo !+ -+!no/%t5 P%t'u++%' #ont'%to5 L$/($%' !u$(o&5 Ent'!% tu'no5

No'/%& ! #%+$%5 Cu/(+$' #on +% +$/($!% 7 +% ,'!#u!n#$% !&t%-+!#$%& (%'% +o& !u$(o& ! %(!'tu'% 7+$/($!%5 L$/($%' 7 '!t$'%' ! +%& (%#%& #ont%/$n%nt!& #o/o '%&%0 %#!$t!0 (%nt%no0 t$nt%&0 !t#5 Cu%no *%7% %+$/!nt%#$n /%nu%+ !-! &!' un$,o'/! (%'% no %+t!'%' +% /!#+%5

M%u$n%'$% ut$+$%% !n !+ ('o#!&o ! %(!'tu'%5

; B+!no/%t A-'! 7 /!#+% !+ %+on ! %#u!'o % +o& (+%no& ! $&t'$-u#$n &$n +!)%nt%'(o+)o5; V!nt$+%o' P'o(o'#$on% &u##$n %+ -+!no/%t !n#%/$n%no +%& (%'t!& ! %+on *%&t%!+ -7 (%&&5; B7 (%&& M!#%n$&/o !n ,o'/% ! JK #on un% tu-!':% ! !nt'%% 7 2 ! &%+$%5 En !+$nt!'$o' ++!)% un% tu-!':% *%#$!no +% ,o'/% ! t'%n&(o't%' o& #o(o& ! %+on % &u'!&(!#t$)% %-'$o'%5; S$+o T$!n! un #on!n&%o'9 #on +% %7u% !+ )!nt$+%o' +! ('o(o'#$on% &u##$n !+-+!no/%t (%'% ++!)%' !+ %+on *%&t% +% %-'$o'%9 (o&!! un% ,oto#!+% u! % &!%+ %+-+!no/%t #u%no n!#!&$t% /%t!'$%+5; P+%no& $n#+$n%o&

; A-'$o'% A-'! /%& !+ %+on 7 +! &%#% (o+)o0 -%&u'% 7 #oj:n5 E&t% #o/(u!&t% (o' un%-%n% t'%n&(o't%o'%0 !&t!'% )!'t$#%+ ! (%& 7 t%-+!'o ! #ont'o+!&5; E%+on%%& P'o(o'#$on% &u##$n (o' /!$o ! un #on!n&%o' 7 &! !n#%'% !!&/!nu%' /%& +o& #o(o& ! %+on 7 &%#%'+! (o+)o 7 #oj:n0 !&t% #o/(u!&t% (o'#on!n&%o'0 ,oto#!+% 7 #$+$n'o&5; Con!n&%o' P'o(o'#$on% +% ('!&$n ! %$'!0 *%#$!no u! !+ %+on (%&! % +%!%+on%%5; C$+$n'o& H%#!n (%&%' !+ %+on % un -%t$o' ! (%& #u-$!'to (o' un%& '!j$++%&0,%#$+$t%no !j%' !+ !&(!'$#$o u! #ont$!n! !+ %+on !n un !(o&$to ut$+$%o (o' !&t%5; B%t$o'!& $%on%+!& P'o(o'#$on% /%& +$/($!% 7 t'%n&(o't% !+ %+on (o' +%!%+on%%5

; B%t$o' ! (%& P%&% !+ /%t!'$%+ % +% tu-!':% u! #o/un$#% #on +o& !u$(o& ! +$/($!%% t'%)"& !+ %$'! u! +! ('o(o'#$on% +o& #on!n&%o'!&5; E&t!'% )!'t$#%+ ! (%& D$)$! !+ /%t!'$%+ !n (%'t!& (!u!%&0 ++!)%no %''$-% on! &!!n#u!nt'% %+ -%t$o' ! (%&5; B%n%& t'%n&(o't%o'%& Son +%& !n#%'%%& ! &u/$n$&t'%' +% %+$/!nt%#$n !+ /%t!'$%+'!u!'$o !n !+ ('o#!&o5; A-'$o'% ,$n% A-'! /& +o& #o(o& ! %+on0 !.t'%! /& -o''% 7 #oj:n (o' /!$o !+-%t$o' ! (%& 7 &u '!j$++%5


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; F$+t'o& L! +% &u##$n % +%& /%u$n%& ! !&t! ('o#!&o (%'% !.t'%!' !+ (o+)o (o' tu-!':%& 7'!#o+!#t%'+o !n t%+!o&5; M!#+%o' P'o(o'#$on% un% /!#+% tot%+ ! %+on (%'% o-t!n!' /!jo' #%+$%5

Ej!/(+o& ! /%u$n%'$%

L% C%'%o'% A-'$o'% M$.!' 2


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15 C%!n% #$n!/t$#% ! +% #%'%o'% G',$#o !&t% /u$n% !& ! +% UNI

PARA AK1451'A1451>25


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En 'u!% C 7 D

nC

nD=

rD

rC

nD=7.51

10.1592RPM

nD=440.2RPM

T!no un %to on! $#! 't%/-o' 3@546 #/

En +% 'u!% D '!+%#$on%o $nt!'n%/!nt! #on !+ t%/-o'

nD

nT=

rT

rD

nT=rD

rT

nD=10.1

35.46440.2RPM

nT=125.38RPM

@5 P'ou##$n !n >* ! +% #%'%o'%

+% ('ou##$n !+ #$+$n'o &$!no !+ (!':/!t'o 22258

P%12@538

1vuelta

1min 222.8 cm

1vuelta 60min

1h

166*

Su(on$!no un t$tu+o .K t!.


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P%16760.79

m

1horagr

1000m kg

1000 g


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Su(on$!no un t$tu+o .K t!.

P%58737.65

m

1horagr

1000m kg

1000g


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Un% )! u! +% /%&% ! ,$-'%& *% &$o $&'!%% 7 &! *%n !+$/$n%o +%& $/(u'!%& !o'$!n0 +% /%t!'$% ('$/% (%&% (o' un nu!)o ('o#!&o ! %(!'tu'% !no/$n%o #%'%o0on! &! +o'% u! +%& ,$-'%& u!!n &u!+t%& ! /oo ! '!#u(!'%' &u ,o'/% /& n%tu'%+0(!'o &$n (!'!' +% ('o.$/$% !nt'! !++%&5D!&(u"& !+ #%'%o +%& ,$-'%& ,o'/%n un% /%nt% #o/(+!t%/!nt! +$/($% 7 #o*!&$on%%

n%tu'%+/!nt!0 on! &! *%n +o'%o #u%t'o o-j!t$)o& %$#$on%+!& '!u#$' +o&%+o/!'%/$!nto& ! ,$-'%& n!(&0 '!u#$' +% #%nt$% ! ,$-'%& #o't%&0 !+$/$n%#$n%$#$on%+ !+ (o+)o 7 %(+%n%o ! +% #%(% ! ,$-'%& '!u#$"no+%& % un% #$nt% u! &!'!#o! !n +o& -ot!& ! #%'%&5

Po' #%% #%'% *%7 un% #ont$nu% ! *$+%' u! &on un%& /u$n%& &!/$%uto/%t$%%&on! &! o-t$!n!n -o-$n%& ! 3


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1 G'%n #$+$n'o52 C%!n% ! #*%(on!&53 C!($++o +$/($%o' ! #*%(on!&54 C$+$n'o !&('!n!o'5@ Do,,!'56 Moto' ('$n#$(%+5 L$#!'$n58 P$n ! t!n&$n t'%&!'o5 S$+o& ! +% #%'%51< M!&% ! %+$/!nt%#$n5

S! t$!n! +% #o&tu/-'! ! !#$' u! un% u%'n$#$n -$!n !&/!'$+%% !-! &!' #o't%nt!!n '!%+$% no *%7 n%% u! #o't%'0 (!'o &! !-! ,o'/%' &o-'! +% !.t'!/$% !+ $!nt!un% '!-%-% #%(% ! '!t!n!' !n%n#*%%& +%& ,$-'%& !+ t$!/(o n!#!&%'$o (%'% u! !+'%no o(u!&to (u!% #%'%'+%&5

L% u'%#$n ! +%& '!-%-%& ! +o& $!nt!& /o!'no& t!/(+%o&0 (o':% &!' /& +%'% &$ +%!+%&t$#$% ! +o& $!nt!& 7 &o-'! too0 ! &u ,un$#$n0 no $nt!')$n$!'% (%'% ('o)o#%','!#u!nt!& #o+$&$on!& #on +o& $!nt!& o(u!&to&0 #on !+ '!&u+t%o ! u! +%& (unt%& &!

'!on!%n 7 &! )u!+)!n '($%/!nt! $n#%(%#!& ! '!t!n!' +%& ,$-'%&5 E&t%&0!n#ont'no&! +$-'!& !nt'! o& '%no& !n /o)$/$!nto o(u!&to0 &! /u!)!n ! un%/%n!'% !&o'!n%% !nt'! !++o& 7 ,o'/%n +o& n!(&5 A $u%+% ! ot'%& #on$#$on!&0 +o&n!(& &!'n t%nto /& nu/!'o&o& #u%nto +% '$$! ! +% ,$-'% &!% /!no'0 !& !#$'0 u!&u (%'! #!+u+%' &!% !+%%5

Po' #on&$u$!nt!0 +o& %+oon!& ! ,$-'% ,$n% 7 !+ /%+ /%u'%o& ,o'/%'n /& ,#$+/!nt!n!(& u! +o& ot'o&5


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L% ,o'/%#$n ! n!(& &!'0 (o' t%nto0 /& ,#$+ #u%no &!% '%n! +% $&t%n#$% !nt'!o& '%no& (u!! #o/('o-%'&! !&to #ont%no +o& n!(& ! un% #%'%0 7 &!u$%/!nt!%u/!nt%no !n 2>15


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MANUARES O ESTIRADORAS.

E+ ('o#!&o ! !&t$'%j! !& !,!#tu%o (o' !+ M%nu%' o !&t$'%o'% ! +% &$u$!nt! /%n!'%

S! *%#! (%&%' un 'u(o ! #$nt%& &!$& u o#*o (%'% !+ ('$/!' (%&! 7 &!$& u o#*o (%'% !+

&!uno (%&! (o' +% on% ! !&t$'%j! !+ M%nu%' !n on! (o' $,!'!n#$% ! )!+o#$%!nt'! +%& )%'$++%& &! ('ou#! un !&t$'%j! ! +%& #$nt%& 7 % +% )! un% (%'%+!+$%#$n ! +%&,$-'%& (%'% o-t!n!' un% #$nt% #on #%'%#t!':&t$#%& !t!'/$n%%& ! (!&o 7 +on$tu u!+u!o !& &o/!t$% % un &!uno (%&! !n !&t$'%o'%& #on %uto''!u+%#$n0 #on !+ ,$n !/!jo'%' +% un$,o'/$% ! +% #$nt% #o/o &! !'$-! % #ont$nu%#$n

A +% !nt'%% ! +% #$nt% !n +% !&t$'%o'% &! '!$&t'% #ont$nu%/!nt! (o' /!$o ! un%(%+(%#$n /!#n$#% !+ !&(!&o' ! +%& #$nt%& ! ,$-'%&0 +o& )%+o'!& u! &! /$!n &!#on)$!'t!n !n &!%+!& !+"#t'$#%& u! &! u&%n (%'% #ont'o+%' !+ !&t$'%j! !n !+ #%/(o !!&t$'%j! ('$n#$(%+0 '!u+%no +%& o$+%#$on!& ! +% #$nt% %no #o/o '!&u+t%o #$nt% #on-u!n% '!u+%'$% !n +on$tu!& #o't%& 7 /!$%&0 /%nt!n$!no %&: /$&/o !+ t$tu+o ! +%

#$nt% !n +on$tu!& +%'%&0 !nt'!%no %+ ('o#!&o &$u$!nt! #$nt% #on (t$/%& #on$#$on!&! #%+$%5

O-j!t$)o !+ !&t$'%o'

M%t!'$%+ &%+$!nt!5


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E+ /%t!'$%+ &%+$!nt! ! +% !&t$'%o'% !& un% #$nt% ! ,$-'%& (%'%+!+$%%&0 /& +$/($%&0 !&t!/%t!'$%+ !& !(o&$t%o !n -ot!&5Lo& -ot!& t$!n!n un '!&o't! $nt!'no (%'% o-t!n!' un !n'o++%o 7 !&!n'o++%o o(t$/o ! +%#$nt%5

L% !n)o+tu'% ! +% #$nt% !-! ! #u/(+$' +o& &$u$!nt!& '!u$&$to&

En)o+tu'% un$,o'/!5 L% #$nt% !-! ! !&t%' +$/($%5 L$-'! ! (o+)o0 -%&u'%0 '%&%0 !t#5 No &! !-! ! '!)o+)!' /%t!'$%+ ! $,!'!nt!& /!#+%&5 No !-! ('!&!nt%' t'%/o&'u!&o& n$ !+%o&5

P%'t!& ! +% /%u$n%5

E+ #'!!+ o -%&t$o' E&t #o/('!n$o (o' to% +% on% ! %+$/!nt%#$n ,o'/%o (o'

#%+%n'%o'!& &u(!'$o'!& ! $n,!'$o'!&0 *%#$!no u! +% #$nt% ++!u! *%&t% +% on% !!&t$'%j! 7 u:%#$nt%& u! % &u )! %#t%n ! %uto/t$#o&5

L% on% ! !&t$'%j! E+ t$(o ! on% ! !&t$'%j! (%'% +% !&t$'%o'% !& ! 3>45 E&to u$!'!!#$' 3 #$+$n'o& #on '!#u-$!'t% ! #%u#*o0 u! *%#!n ('!&$n &o-'! 4 )%'$++%& 'o$++o&0+%& #u%+!& $'%n % $,!'!nt! )!+o#$%0 (%'% (o!' ('ou#$' !+ !&t$'%j!5 En !&t% (%'t! !&on! &! % !+ #u/(+$/$!nto %+ o-j!t$)o ! +% !&t$'%o'%5L$/($%o'!& &u(!'$o'!& ! $n,!'$o'!& Su o-j!t$)o !& !)$t%' !n'!o& !n +%& )%'$++%& 7 !n +o$+$n'o& (%'% /%nt!n!' +% on% ! !&t$'%j! +$/($%5 Lo& *%7 ! #o-!'tu'% ! #%u#*o 7/!t+$#o5

En +% !&t$'%o'% +o& +$/($%o'!& &u(!'$o'!& ! $n,!'$o'!& &on ! #o-!'tu'% ! #%u#*o5

Too !&t$'%j! &! *%#! -%&%o !n !+ ($n%j! 7 +% $,!'!n#$% ! )!+o#$% !nt'! +%& )%'$++%&5

B'%o& (!nu+%'!& D$&(o&$t$)o& #o+o#%o& !n +% on% ! !&t$'%j! 7 u! &! ut$+$%n #on !+,$n ! %'%nt$%' !+ ($n%j!0 (%'% u! +% #$nt% u! &! !&t ('o#!&%no t!n% un !&t$'%j!(t$/o5

Gu:% #$nt%& E+!/!nto ut$+$%o (%'% ++!)%' +% #$nt% o'!n%%/!nt! *%&t% &u o-j!t$)o5

T'o/(!t% L+!)% !+ )!+o !&! +% on% ! !&t$'%j! *%&t% +% -ou$++%5

Bou$++% L+!)%n +% #$nt% *%&t% !+ (+%to &u(!'$o'5

P+%to &u(!'$o' ! $n,!'$o' S$')!n (%'% %'+! +% !n)o+tu'% un$,o'/! % +% #$nt%0 !+ (+%to $n,!'$o'% /o)$/$!nto %+ -ot!5

Auto/t$#o& S$')!n (%'% !t!n!' +% /u$n% #u%no *%7 un '!)$!nt!0 #u%no *%7 !n'!5


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Co$+!' S$tu%o !&(u"& ! +% -ou$++%5

Po't%+/(%'%& Son &!%+!& (%'% $n,o'/%' %+ o(!'%'$o 7 !&tn u-$#%%& !n#$/% ! +%#%-!% ! +%& !&t$'%o'%&5

En %+uno& !&t$'%o'%& !&tn u-$#%o& !n +% (%'t! &u(!'$o' !'!#*% 7 &on %&:

Roj% P%'o ! !/!'!n#$% %-$n!t!&0 #o/(u!'t%& u ot'% !/!'!n#$%5Au+ P%'o !+%nt!'o !n +% on% ! !&t$'%j! 7 (%'o (o' )%+o' +:/$t!5V!'! Mu$n% t'%-%j%no5B+%n#%%u+ P%'o t'%&!'o5

A/%'$++% $nt!'/$t!nt! S%#%5

Cu-$!'t% t%(%& Son ('ot!#to'!& (%'% !)$t%' u! +% on% ! !&t$'%j! &! ++!n! ! (o+)o o(%'t:#u+%& #ont%/$n%nt!&5

M$'$++%& &on )!nt%n%& U-$#%%& !n +%& #u-$!'t%& 7 &$')!n (%'% o-&!')%' %no/%+:%& !n +%on% ! !&t$'%j!5

D!(&$to ! (n!u/%&to( Don! &! !(o&$t%n !+ (o+)o 7 +%& ,$-'%& #o't%& u! ++!% %t'%)"& ! un% &u##$n 7 !&tn u-$#%o& !n +% (%'t! t'%&!'% ! +% #%-!%5

Cont%o' S$')! (%'% ++!)%' !+ /!t'%j! !+ -ot! 7 +% ('ou##$n !+ tu'no0 7 u!% u-$#%o!n !+ &$&t!/% ! #ont'o+!& !n +% (%'t! $u$!'% ! +% /u$n%5

Int!''u(to' P%'% ('!n!' o %(%%' +% /u$n%5 U-$#%o& !n +% (%'t! $u$!'% !+ +%t!'%+! +% /u$n%5

C%-!% E& +% (%'t! !+%nt!'% ! +% /u$n% 7 &! !n#u!nt'% too !+ !n'%n%j! ! +%/$&/% /oto'!&0 ($on!&0 -%n%&0 !t#55

C$+$n'o& ! #o-!'tu'% ! #%u#*o Su ,un#$n !& ($n%' 7 *%#!' ++!%' +% #$nt% % +%t'o/(!t%0 &! !n#u!nt'% !n +% on% ! !&t$'%j!5

So(o't!& ! -oton!& E&tn u-$#%o& !n +% (%'t! !+%nt!'% 7 !n +o& +%t!'%+!& ! +%/u$n% 7 &$')!n (%'% (%'%' o #o+o#%' !n ,un#$on%/$!nto +% /u$n%

S$&t!/%& ! !n'%n%j! +% !&t$'%o'% #u!nt% #on un &$&t!/% ! !n'%n%j! ,o'/%o (o'($on!& 7 #o''!%&0 u! (o' /!$o ! /oto'!& (!'/$t!n !+ /o)$/$!nto ! +% /%u$n%0

t%/-$"n #u!nt% #on un &$&t!/% ! ($on!& #%/-$%-+!&5

PARTES PRINCIPALES

1 Con!n&%o'2 O'%no ! )$$+%n#$%3 P'!%/(+$,$#%o'


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4 G'u(o !+!#t'n$#o@ Moto'6 Co''$!nt! !+ /oto' V!+o#$% #on&t%nt!8 V!+o#$% )%'$%-+! PRE !&t$'%j! 1


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HILATURA DE ALGODN PEINADO

5Int'ou##$nE&t! ('o#!&o ! *$+%tu'% ++!)% % +% o-t!n#$n! *$+%o ! %+on ! +% /& %+t% #%+$%5S! t'%t% !+ %+on #%'%o 7 (!$n%o0 u!!& #ono#$o #o/n/!nt! #on !+ no/-'!%-'!)$%o ! %+on (!$n%o5 Po' %+t%

#%+$% no& '!,!'$/o& %+ ('o#!&o0 (u!& +%#%+$% ,$n%+ !+ *$+%o ,$n%+ !(!n! ! ot'o&/u#*o& ,%#to'!&0 #o/o +% #%+$% ! ,$-'%&0!u$(o&0 !t#

5

5

L% &!#u!n#$% ! +%& o(!'%#$on!& ++!)%%& % #%-o (%'% +% *$+%tu'% ! %+on (!$n%o0 &!!t%++%n #ont$nu%#$n0 '!&(!t%no !+ o'!n !n u! &! ('ou#!n5


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ETAPAS PRODUCTIVAS

Un% )! u! $n'!&%n % +% (+%nt% ! ('ou##$n +o& ,%'o& ! ,$-'% ! %+on ('!n&%o&&! ('o#!! #o/o &$u!

ANYLISIS DE MATERIA PRIMAE&t! %n+$&$& &! '!%+$% !n !+ +%-o'%to'$o ! #ont'o+ ! #%+$% ! ,$-'%&0 on! !+ %+on!& &o/!t$o % un '$u'o&o #*!u!o5 En "&t! #ont'o+ &! !.t'%!n /u!&t'%& ! #%% ,%'ou! &! u$!'! #o/('%' 7 &! #+%&$,$#%n &!n &u '%o5 En !+ +%-o'%to'$o &! ut$+$% un#o/(+!jo !u$(o !no/$n%o HVI0 u! !&tu$% +%& $,!'!nt!& #%'%#t!':&t$#%& ! +%& ,$-'%&t%+!& #o/o ,$nu'%0 +$/($!%0 #o+o'0 +on$tu '!&$&t!n#$% 7 un$,o'/$%5 E+ '!&u+t%o !&!n)$%o % +% (+%nt% ! ('ou##$n0 (!'/$t$!no u! +o& ,%'o& &!%n &!(%'%o& !n ,un#$n! &u& #%'%#t!':&t$#%&5

APERTURA J LIMPIEZAE+ (unto ! (%'t$% !& !+ ,%'o ! %+on !&/ot%o0 u! &! &!(%'% (o' +ot!& (%'% &!'!&t$-%o5 R!t$'%o& +o& &un#*o& u! &uj!t%n +o& ,%'o& ! ,$-'%& &!+!##$on%o& &! #o+o#%n!n 'u(o& % %/-o& +%o& ! +o& '$!+!& u! t'%n&(o't%n !+ #%-!%+ $&'!%o' /!#+%o'0

!+ #u%+ !&,+o#% 7 /!#+% +%& &u#!&$)%& #%(%& ! ,$-'%0 ('ou#$"no&! %&: un% ('$/!'%%(!'tu'% !+ /%t!'$%+5 L% ,$-'% !& t'%&+%%% %+ &$u$!nt! ('o#!&o ! %(!'tu'% 7 +$/($!%/!$%nt! un &$&t!/% %uto/t$#o ! t'%n&(o't! n!u/t$#o #o/o &! $+u&t'% % #ont$nu%#$n5E+ '!&t%nt! &!#to' ! %(!'tu'% 7 +$/($!% !&t ,o'/%o (o' un 'u(o ! /u$n%& #u7%,un#$n !& ('o)o#%' +% %(!'tu'% ! +%& ,$-'%& !n #o(o& 7 +% +$/($!% ('o,un% ! +%&/$&/%& /!$%nt! +% !+$/$n%#$n ! #%%'$++%0 *oj$t%& 7 t$!''%0 #ont!n$%& !nt'! +%& ,$-'%&5L% +:n!% #ont$!n! % &u )! un% /!#+%o'% +$/($%o'%0 on! &! !,!#t% nu!)o /!#+%o&!n !+ ('$n#$($o ! #%(%& $nt!'!&+$%nt!&0 u! #on,$!'! un% %##$n /!#+%o'% $nt!n&$)%7 un% *o/o!n!$%#$n % +o +%'o !+ t$!/(o5 E&to (!'/$t! *o/o!n!$%' 7 !+$/$n%' +%&$,!'!n#$%& ! +%& /%t!'$%& ('$/%& ! $,!'!nt!& ('o#!!n#$%&0 #o/o (o' !j!/(+o !+ #o+o'5Too !+ ('o#!&o '!#$"n !'$to !& '!u+%o (o' un% #!nt'%+ ! /%no !+!#t'on!u/t$#ou! +! #on,$!'! un %+to '%o ! %uto/%t$%#$n5

En !u$(%/$!nto& ! %nt!'$o'!& !n!'%#$on!& +%& $/(u'!%& !'%n !+$/$n%%& /!$%nt! +%%(+$#%#$n ! !,!#to& ,:&$#o& #o/o &%#u$%&0 -%t$o #on (%+%&0 #'$-%o 7 %&($'%#$n #on%$'! % %+t% )!+o#$%5 L%& $/(u'!%& /!$%nt! +% %(+$#%#$n ! !,!#to& ,:&$#o& #o/o&%#u$%&0 -%t$o #on (%+%&0 #'$-%o 7 %&($'%#$n #on %$'! % %+t% )!+o#$%5 S! '!%+$% !n('$/!' t"'/$no !n un% /u$n% %-'$o'% ! +% u! &%+! un )!+o ! ,$-'%& u! !nt'% !n un%/u$n% -%t$o'% !n +% u! un% &!'$! ! 'o$++o& #'$-%o'!& #on,o'/%n un /%nto u! &!!n'o++% % +% &%+$%5En !u$(%/$!nto& ! nu!)% !n!'%#$n #o/o +o& u! &! $+u&t'%n0 +% %-'$o'% %uto/t$#%! ,%'o& ('ou#! #o(o& (!u!o& %+ #o/$!no !+ ('o#!&o u! (o' un% '%n &u(!',$#$!! #ont%#to +$-!'% $/(u'!%&0 (o+)o 7 #u!'(o& !.t'%o& ! /%n!'% /u#*o /& !,$#$!nt!5L% ('ou##$n ! !&t! t$(o ! !u$(o& %+#%n% *%&t% 156* ! /%t!'$%+ $&'!%o 7('o#!&%o& % 154* ! #$nt% ! #%'%0 #on un% %+$/!nt%#$n !+ o'!n ! 13< ,%'o&

(o' +%o ! +% /u$n%0 !n #u%t'o 'u(o& ! ,%'o&5L% +$/($!% t$!n! +u%' &$n (unto& ! ($n%o0 o &!% #u$%no +%& ,$-'%& 7 %+ /$&/o t$!/(o! /%n!'% /u7 !,$#$!nt!5 P%'t:#u+%& ! $/(u'!%& /& -$!n '%n!& &on &!(%'%%&$n/!$%t%/!nt! +o u! $/($! +% ,'%/!nt%#$n ! +%& /$&/%& !n +o& ('o#!&o& u! &$u!n7 +% #on&$u$!nt! +$/($!% $,:#$+ !n +% &!un% !t%(%5 E&to& )%+o'!& #o''!&(on!n % +oon&$n%o& (%'% !+ !u$(o Un$,+o# A 11 ! +% ,$'/% R$!t!'5

PRE PEINADOL%& #$nt%& !(o&$t%%& !n -ot!& (%&%n (o' !+ &!#to' ! ('! (!$n%o0 #u7% #on,o'/%#$n


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(u!! $,!'$'0 (!'o u! !n too& +o& #%&o&0 t$!n! +% ,un#$n ! ,o'/%' % (%'t$' ! +%7u.t%(o&$#$n ! '%n n/!'o ! #$nt%& un% n%(% o /%nt% ! ,$-'%& u! %+$/!nt%' % +%&(!$n%o'%&0 o-t!n$"no&! un% -u!n% (%'%+!+$%#$n ! +%& ,$-'%& ! %+on !+!)no&! +%un$,o'/$% !+ /%t!'$%+ ! +% %+$/!nt%#$n5

Lo& +t$/o& !&%''o++o& !n !&to& !u$(o& *%n &u&t$tu$o +%

t!#no+o:% ! ,o'/%#$n !+ 'o++o /!$%nt! o& 'o$++o& !('!&$n (o' un% #o''!% (+%n% !&(!#$%+ u! (!'/$t!!.t!n!' +% #onu##$n ! +%& #$nt%& 7 +% #on!n&%#$n!+ 'o++o !n ,o'/% ! $/!t'o % #%&$ +% #$'#un,!'!n#$%!nt!'% !+ 'o++o5 Po' +% ,o'/%#$n #u$%o&% 7 un$,o'/! &!(u!! %+#%n%' )!+o#$%!& ! !n'o++%/$!nto ! 18/$n &$n /!'/% ! +% #%+$%5$/%!n[[[5n%t$/!o5#o/

A!/& $&/$nu7 not%-+!/!nt! +% &!n&$-$+$% ! t'%-%jo '!&(!#to % +% +on$tu ! ,$-'% 7*%#! (o&$-+! !+ ('o#!&%/$!nto ! %+on #o'to 7 /!$%no % /u7 %+t%& )!+o#$%!&5 L%('ou##$n ! +% !&t%& /u$n%& !&t #on#!-$% ! t%+ /%n!'% u! #o''!&(on! %+'!n$/$!nto ! 6 (!$n%o'%& #o/(%t$-+!& ! %+to '!n$/$!nto #on +o u! &! +o'% ('ou#$'!n !+ o'!n ! 1< ton!+%%& ! #$nt% (!$n%% (o' :% %to& ! un !u$(o ! ('!(!$n%oO/!%+%( E 3@ ! +% ,$'/% R$!t!'55

PEINADOEn !&t! &!#to' &! !+$/$n%n +%& ,$-'%& #o't%& u! ++!)%n #on&$o +%& n%(%& ! %+$/!nt%#$n0&! &!(%'%n (!u!%& $/(u'!%& u! %n (!'/%n!#!n !&(u"& !+ #%'%o 7 &! t!'/$n%n

! (%'%+!+$%' +%& ,$-'%&5 Too !++o /!jo'% +% un$,o'/$% ! +on$tu ! ,$-'% +o #u%+ !&$/('!$n$-+! (%'% +o'%' *$+%o& /u7 ,$no& ! -u!n% '!&$&t!n#$%5L%& ,$-'%& #o't%& !+$/$n%%& %n +u%' %+ &u- ('ou#to !no/$n%o -+ou&&!K u! !&t'%n&(o't%o n!u/t$#%/!nt! % un% ('!n&%5 Con '!&(!#to % +o& )%+o'!& ! ('ou##$nto(!& +o'%o& #on !u$(o& ! +t$/% !n!'%#$n tot%+/!nt! %uto/%t$%o&0 &! ++!% %+o'!n !


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PARTES DE LA PEINADORA

Ro++o ! %+on5

Zon% ! (!$n%o5

Zon% ! ,o'/%#$n ! +% #$nt%5

M!&% ! !&+$%/$!nto5

Zon% ! !&t$'%j!5

Co$+!'5Bot!5

MECHERA

E+ /%nu%' ('ou#! un% #$nt% u! 7% !.*$-! to%& +%& #%'%#t!':&t$#%& '!u!'$%& (%'% +%#'!%#$n ! un *$+o0 !& !#$' un% *!-'% ! ,$-'%& +$/($%& 7 o'!n%%& !n ,o'/% (%'%+!+%un%& % ot'%&5 E& u&u%+ ('!unt%'&! (o' u" !&t% #$nt% no !& ut$+$%% #o/o un /%t!'$%+ !

%+$/!nt%#$n (%'% +%& /u$n%& ! *$+%tu'% (o' #ont$nu%& ! %n$++o&0 !n +u%' ! &!'('o#!&%% ! /%n!'% #%'% (%'% #'!%' un% /!#*% #o/o %+$/!nt%#$n (%'% *$+%tu'%5 L%/u$n% pabilera!n &$ !& #o/(+$#%%0 ('o(!n&o % ,%++%&0 #%u&% !,!#to&0 %u/!nt% +oo&to& ! ('ou##$n 7 !nt'!% un ('ou#to u! !& &!n&$-+! !n !+ !n'o++%o 7!&!n'o++%o5 E+ u&o ! +% /u$n% !& ,o'%o !n +%& *$+%n!':%& #o/o un /%+ n!#!&%'$o(o' o& '%on!& ('$n#$(%+!&5

L% ('$/!'% '%n !&t '!+%#$on%% %+ !&t$'%j! '!u!'$o5 L% #$nt% ! /%nu%' !& un% *!-'%,$n% 7 no to'#$% u! t$!n! % &!' )!++u% 7 #'!% (!+u&$++%5 E+ !&t$'%j! n!#!&%'$o (%'%


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#on)!'t$' "&t% % *$+o !&t !n !+ '%no ! 3


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!&t% '!#%! !n !+ !)%n%o ! +% /!#*% o (%-$+o !n +o& /%o&0 u! (u!!n &!'t'%n&(o't%o&0 %+/%#!n%o& 7 ++!)%o& % +% #ont$nu% ! %n$++o&5

L% o(!'%#$n !+ !)%n%o !& +% u! (o' !n#$/% ! too *%#! u! +% /!#*!'% &!% un%/u$n% '!+%t$)%/!nt! #o/(+!j%0 7 (+%%% ! ('o-+!/%&5 L% o(!'%#$n ! !n'o++%o'!u$!'!0 %!/& !+ *u&o 7 +% %+!t%0 un% t'%n&/$&$n ! /%no (o' #ono o !n'%n%j!&

)%'$%-+!&0 un !n'%n%j! $,!'!n#$%+ 7 un /!#%n$&/o ,o'/%o'5

35 DESCRIPCI\N DE LAS FUNCIONES

3515 S!#u!n#$% ! O(!'%#$n )!' F$5 2L% #$nt% ! /%nu%' !& ('!&!nt%% % +% (%-$+!'% !n -ot!& +%'o& 15 E+ $/!t'o ! +o&-ot!& no #o''!&(on! % +% $&t%n#$% !nt'! +o& *u&o&0 !& (o' !&o u! +o& -ot!& no &on$&t'$-u$o& !n un% #o+u/n%0 &$no !n )%'$%&0 +o& #u%+!& t$!n!n u! &!' $&(u!&to& %t'& !+% /u$n%5 Po' !n#$/% ! +o& -ot!& &! ('o)!!n 'o$++o& ! t'%n&(o't! 25 E&to& j%+%n +%$nt%& !&! +o& -ot!& 7 (o' !+%nt! ! !++o& *%#$% !+ t'!n ! !&t$'%j! 35 E+ t'!n ! !&t$'%j!%t!n% +% #$nt% #on un !&t$'%j! !nt'! @ % 2


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(u!! &!' !,!#tu%o0 (o' !j!/(+o0 /!$%nt! +% !+!)%#$n 7 !!n&o ! +% (%+%n#% 1


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3535 L%& R!$on!& ! O(!'%#$n ! +% M!#*!'%

353515 LA FILETA FIG5 4Po' !n#$/% ! +o& -ot!& !.$&t!n )%'$%& #o+u/n%& ! +o& 'o$++o& ! /%no (%'% %7u%' %+%& #$nt%& !n &u t'%7!#to'$% %+ t'!n ! !&t$'%j!0 +% #u%+ !& % /!nuo un% $&t%n#$%#on&$!'%-+! !&! +o& -ot!&5 D!-$o %+ %+to '%o ! (%'%+!+$%#$n ! +%& ,$-'%& !n +%&

#$nt%& !&(!#$%+/!nt! !n !+ #%&o ! +% #$nt% (!$n%%0 +% #o*!&$n ! +% *!-'% no !& %/!nuo /u7 '%n!5 Po' +o t%nto0 +o& 'o$++o& ! t'%n&(o't! (u!!n ,#$+/!nt! #'!%',%+&o& !&t$'%j!&5 L%& (+%nt%& (o':%n to/%' !n #u!nt% ! !&t% ,u!nt! ! (o&$-+!& ,%++%&5 S!!-! t!n!' #u$%o (%'% %&!u'%' u! +%& #$nt%& &!%n (%&%%& %+ t'!n ! !&t$'%j! &$n(!'tu'-%#$n9 u! &!%n !&t$'%%&0 (o' !j!/(+o0 /& o /!no& )!'t$#%+/!nt! ,u!'% ! +o&-ot!&9 7 u! +o& #$+$n'o& u:% $'!n ,#$+/!nt!5 Un (!',!#to /%n!jo ! +o& #$+$n'o& !& (o'+o t%nto /u7 $/(o't%nt!5 E&to !& !,!#tu%o u&u%+/!nt! (o' #%!n%& o !j!& #%'%nt!&5


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353525 EL TREN DE ESTIRA]E

3.3.2.1. Descripcin (Ver Fig. 5)

D! too& +o& &$&t!/%& ! %+to!&t$'%j! u! *%n &o-'!&%+$o0 %+uno& ! +o& #u%+!& ,u!'onut$+$%o& &o+%/!nt! (o' un #o'to (!':oo0 n$#%/!nt! !+ &$&t!/% ! 3&o-'!4 3>4#$+$n'o& 7 !+ %''!+o ! o-+! -%n$t% %n &on !n#ont'%o& !n +%& /u$n%& /o!'n%&!&%''o++%%& (o' +o& ,%-'$#%nt!&5 L% $&t'$-u#$n ! 3&o-'!4 &! !n#u!nt'% '!+%t$)%/!nt!(o#o0 /$!nt'%& u! !+ &$&t!/% ! %''!+o ! o-+! -%n$t% !& /& #on)!n#$on%+5So+%/!nt! +% $&t'$-u#$n ! o-+! -%n$t% ,%#$+$t% !+ !&t$'%j! ! 2< /$!nt'%& /%nt$!n! +%&

,$-'%& /& o /!no& -%jo #ont'o+ u'%nt! &u /o)$/$!nto5 En !n!'%+0 +o& %''!+o& ! t'!$+$n'o& &on ut$+$%o&0 (!'o #u%t'o #$+$n'o& (u!!n &!' n!#!&%'$o& (%'% un !&t$'%j! %+to5E++o& u&u%+/!nt! #o/('!n!n 'o$++o& $n,!'$o'!& %#%n%+%o& 7 #$+$n'o& ! ('!&$n'!#u-$!'to& #on #%u#*o5 L% u'!% ! +o& #$+$n'o& &u(!'$o'!& &! !n#u!nt'% !nt'! 8


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3.3.2.2. Las Banditas (Fig. 6)L%& -%n$t%& &u(!'$o'!& 2 &on (!u!%& 7 *!#*%& 7% &!% ! #u!'o o0 /& #o/n/!nt!0! #%u#*o &$nt"t$#o5 E&t%& t$!n!n un !&(!&o' ! %('o.$/%%/!nt! 1 // 7 !&tn &uj!t%&(o' $&(o&$t$)o& t!n&o'!& 45 Po' ot'o +%o0 +%& -%n$t%& $n,!'$o'!& 1 &on /& +%'%& 7*!#*%& u&u%+/!nt! ! #u!'o0 %unu! !+ #%u#*o &$nt"t$#o t%/-$"n !& ut$+$%o5

E++%& )%n (o' !n#$/% ! +%& -%''%& u:% (o't%-o+&%& 3 *%#$% +%& (o&$#$on!& #!'#%n%& %+% +:n!% ! ($n%j! ! +o& #$+$n'o& ! &%+$%5

L%& -%n$t%& ! #u!'o #oo(!'%n un% #on +% ot'% (%'% u$%' J t'%n&(o't%' +%& ,$-'%& u'%nt!!+ !&t$'%j! 7 !++%& !j!'#!n un% $n,+u!n#$% /u7 &$n$,$#%nt! !n +% o(!'%#$n ! !&t$'%j!5

E& $/(o't%nt! u! +%& -%n$t%& (u$!'%n !.t!n!'&! +o /& #!'#%no (o&$-+! % +% +:n!% !($n%j! ! +o& #$+$n'o& ,'ont%+!&5 L% +on$tu u:%0 '!,!'$% #o/o +% +on$tu #un% %0 !-!&!' %%(t%% %('o.$/%%/!nt! % +% +on$tu ! +% ,$-'%5 D! %#u!'o #on +o& %to&('o)$&to& (o' R$!t!'0 +%& &$u$!nt!& +on$tu!& #un% (o':%n &!' ut$+$%%&

Lon$tu Cun% // M%t!'$%+

36 A+on %''$-% ! 1 1>8

4


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3.3.2.". #l CondensadorLo& !/-uo& ! +% #$nt% #on!n&%o'!& ! %+$/!nt%#$n &on /ont%o& !n un% -%''%#o''!&(on$!nt! /!#%n$&/o t'%n&)!'&%+ ! #$nt% !t'& !+ #$+$n'o !+ t'!n ! !&t$'%j!5Son $&!%o& (%'% #onu#$' +% #$nt% !nt'o !+ t'!n ! !&t$'%j!5 E+ /o)$/$!nto t'%n&)!'&%+&! !.t$!n! $u%+/!nt! (o' &o-'! !+ !&(!&o' tot%+ ! +%& #u-$!'t%& ! +o& #$+$n'o& #ot&5

E+ ('$/!' #on!n&%o' o u:% /!#*% !&t u-$#%o !+%nt! !+ ('$/!' #$+$n'o5 D$&!%o(%'% #onu#$' +% #$nt% !nt'o !+ t'!n ! !&t$'%j!5

Un &!uno #on!n&%o' ! #$nt% !&t ('o)$&to !n !+ '!% !&t$'%j! ('!)$o0 t%/-$"n !n un%-%''% #o''!&(on$!nt!0 7 un t!'#!'o !& u-$#%o !n !+ '!% !+ !&t$'%j! ('$n#$(%+5 S$n!/-%'o0 !+ +t$/o &! %(o7% &o-'! !+ /o)$/$!nto ! +% #$nt% ! ,$-'%&0 &$n &!' %ju&t%o5

E+ ('o(&$to ! !&to& #on!n&%o'!& !& '!'!&%' +%& ,$-'%& un$%& nu!)%/!nt!0 %o u!u'%nt! !+ !&t$'%j! t$!n!n % &!(%'%'&! #ont$nu%/!nt!5

L%& /%&%& ! ,$-'%& $&(!'&%& &on /& $,:#$+!& ! /%nt!n!' -%jo #ont'o+ !n !+ !&t$'%j!0 7!++o #%u&% $''!u+%'$%5 A!/&0 un% *!-'% %/(+$%/!nt! $&(!'&%% u! !j% !+ t'!n !!&t$'%j! #on++!)% % n$)!+!& %+to& ! (!+u&$++% 7 )!++o&$% !n +% /!#*%0 (u!&to u! +%& ,$-'%&t%/(o#o !&tn !nt'!+%%%& 7 &! ($!'!0 o &on &o&t!n$%& &o+%/!nt! !n un !.t'!/o (o'+o u! !n !+ ot'o !.t'!/o &! ('o7!#t% #o/o un ++%/%o )!++o5

Lo& #on!n&%o'!& (o':%n &!' %%(t%o& ('!#$&%/!nt! %+ )o+u/!n ! +% #$nt% ! ,$-'%&5L%& $/!n&$on!& %('o($%%& (u!!n &!' !n#ont'%%& ! t%-+%&5

3.3.2.5. #spacios para las Banditas !perior e $n%eriorL%& -%n$t%& &u(!'$o'!& !&tn ,o'%%& (o' +% ('!&$n ! o'$!n !n #ont'% ! +%& -%n$t%&$n,!'$o'!&5 L% $nt!n&$% ! &u &uj!#$n !nt'! +%& ,$-'%&0 7 %&: +% $'!##$n0 ! +%& ,$-'%&0!(!n! ! !&t% ('!&$n 7 t%/-$"n ! +% $&t%n#$% !nt'! +%& o& -%n$t%&5 L% ('!&$n!,!#t$)% (o':% &!' #on&$!'%-+!0 (!'o /u7 %+t%0 (o' ot'o +%o !& (o&$-+! +o'%' un !&t$'%j!#ont'o+%o ! +%& ,$-'%& u! !&tn ,u!'% ! +% *!-'% (%'%+$%% 7 un$%5 L% $&(o&$#$n!-! (!'/$t$' ('!#$&%' !+ %ju&t! ! +% $&t%n#$% /:n$/% (%'% !+ )o+u/!n ! ,$-'%&5 Con !+,$n ! &!' #%(% ! /%nt!n!' !&t% $&t%n#$% /:n$/% !,$n$% !nt'! +%& -%n$t%&0 &!$n&!'t%n ($!%& ! $&t%n#$% F$5 %0 ! %+tu'%& )%'$%-+!&0 !nt'! +% -%''% &%+$!nt! ! +%-%n$t% $n,!'$o' 7 !+ !.t'!/o #un% ! +% -%n$t% &u(!'$o'0 !& !#$' !n +% %-!'tu'% ! +%&%+$% M5


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A !&t%& ($!%& ! $&t%n#$% &! +!& *% %o ot'o& no/-'!& t%+!& #o/o !&(%#$%o'!&R$!t!'0 #+$(& ! $&t%n#$% SF0 !&(%#$%o'!& #un% Su!&&!n5 E+ #o''!#to #+$( (%'% unu&o (u!! &!' !t!'/$n%o !nt'o ! un '%no ! to+!'%n#$% ! t%-+%& ('o)$&t%& (o' +o&,%-'$#%nt!&0 (!'o !+ %ju&t! #o''!#to t$!n! u! &!' !&t%-+!#$o !.(!'$/!nt%+/!nt!5

353535 EL HUSO J LA ALETA

3.3.3.1. &orsin $'partidaL% %+!t% $n&!'t% +% to'&$n5 C%% 'ot%#$n ! +% %+!t% #'!% un% )u!+t% !n +% /!#*%5 En !+%n+$&$& ,$n%+ (o' +o t%nto0 %o u! !+ RPM ! +% %+!t% &! /%nt$!n! #ont%&t!0 +% to'&$n (o'un$% ! +on$tu ! +% /!#*% !(!n! ! +% )!+o#$% ! &%+$%0 7 (o' #on&$u$!nt!(u!! &!' $n,+u!n#$%%0 (u!&to u! +% to'&$n !&t %% (o'

Vu!+t%& (o' M!t'o TPM RPM ! +% A+!t%


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V!+o#$% ! S%+$% />/$n

A+to& n$)!+!& ! to'&$n ! +% /!#*%0 (o' +o t%nto0 &$!/('! '!('!&!nt%n ("'$%& !('ou##$n 7 (o&$-+!& ('o-+!/%& ! !&t$'%j! !n +% #ont$nu% ! %n$++o&5 Po' ot'o +%o0 -%jo&n$)!+!& ! to'&$n (u!!n #%u&%' ,%+&o& !&t$'%j!& o t%+)! #o't!& ! +% /!#*% u'%nt! !+!)%n%o ! +% -o-$n%5 N$)!+!& no'/%+!& ! to'&$n &! /u!&t'%n !n !+ $%'%/% %o (o'

R$!t!'5

3.3.3.2. #l !so (Fig. )E+ *u&o !& &$/(+!/!nt! un !+!/!nto ! &o(o't! 7 #onu##$n (%'% +% %+!t%0 &$n %+un%,un#$n %u.$+$%'5 E& un !j! +%'o ! %#!'o0 /ont%o !n &u !.t'!/o $n,!'$o' !n un &o(o't! 7&uj!to !n !+ /!$o (o' !+ !j! )!'t$#%+ #o''!&(on$!nt! ! +% -o-$n%0 %#tu%no #o/o un&o(o't! ! #u!++o5 L% 'ot%#$n !& #%u&%% ! un% /%n!'% -$!n $'!#t% 7 &o-'! un%$&t%n#$% ! t'%n&/$&$n !&! !+ !j! ('$n#$(%+ (o' +% t'%7!#to'$% ! un t'!n ! !n'%n%j! 7un !j! +on$tu$n%+ u! &! !.t$!n! (o' too& +o& *u&o& 7 !& %%(t%o #on +o& !n'%n%j!n$#o&5 L% (unt% !+ *u&o !& #n$#% 7 ('o)$&t% #on un% *!n$u'%5 Cu%no +% %+!t% !o+o#%% !n !+ #ono !+ *u&o0 un (%&%o' !n +% %+!t% &o-'!&%+! !nt'o ! +% *!n$u'%(%'% u! +% %+!t% 7 !+ *u&o &! #on)$!'t%n !n un% un$% (%'% ('o(&$to& ! /%n!jo5

3.3.3.3. La *leta (Ver Fig. +)A&: #o/o $/(%'t$' +% to'&$n % +% /!#*%0 +% %+!t% t$!n! u! $'$$' +% *!-'% /u7 &!n&$-+!

!&! +% (%'t! &u(!'$o' ! +% %+!t% *%#$% +% -o-$n% &$n $nt'ou#$' ,%+&o& !&t$'%j!& un% t%'!%no !.%#t%/!nt! ,#$+5 Po' un +%o0 +% *!-'% t$!n! &o+%/!nt! to'&$n ! ('ot!##$n 7 !&

/u7 ('o(!n&% % 'o/(!'&!5 Po' ot'o0 +% %+!t% !&t 'ot%no0 junto #on +% /!#*%0 % un%

)!+o#$% ! 1@


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t'%)"& ! !&t! %uj!'o5 Lo &!uno0 !+ -'%o :nt!'o ! +% %+!t% &$')!n (%'% -%+%n#!%' !+

-'%o *u!#o5

Lo& $&!o& /& %#tu%+!& 7% no &on ('o)$&to& ! !&t! !n&%/-+%j!5 En #%/-$o0 t$!n!n untu-o u:% /u7 &u%)! #o+o#%o !nt'o +% #u-$!'t% )%$n% ! un% ! +o& -'%o& ! +% %+!t%0+% *!-'% !& #o/(+!t%/!nt! ('ot!$% !n #ont'% !+ %$'! 7 +% /!#*% 7% no !& ('!&$on%%#on un% ,u!'% #on&$!'%-+! !n #ont'% !+ /!t%+ !+ -'%o0 #o/o !n !+ $&!o ('!)$o5 L%'!&$&t!n#$% % +% ,'$##$n !& '!u#$% &$n$,$#%t$)%/!nt!0 (%'% u! +% *!-'% (u!% &!'!.t'%:% #on /u#*o /!no& ,u!'%5 E&to '!u#! ,%+&o& !&t$'%j!& 7 'otu'%& ! *!-'%&/$!nt'%& &! %&$n% )!+o#$%!& %+t%& ! ('ou##$n5 S$n !/-%'o0 !+ !/(%+/! ! +%&

*!-'%& 'ot%& !& ! %+n /oo /& $,:#$+53.3.3.". Varios dise,os de *letas

E+ +:/$t! ! (!',o'/%n#$% ,un#$on%/$!nto ! +% /!#*!'% !& !t!'/$n%o (o' %/-%&)!+o#$%!& ! &%+$% 7 !+ RPM ! +% %+!t%5 L% $n,+u!n#$% ! +% %+!t% !(!n! ! &u/%n!jo5 U&%no !&t! #'$t!'$o #o/o un% -%&!0 +%& &$u$!nt!& $&t$n#$on!& (u!!n &!'!not%%& !nt'! t'!& t$(o& ! %+!t%&

A+!t%& /ont%%& !n !+ *u&o F$5 1


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A+!t%& /ont%%& !n +% (%'t! &u(!'$o' F$5 1


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L%& %+!t%& t$!n!n /!$%& )%'$%%&0 +o& #u%+!& &on !&(!#$,$#%o& !n (u+%%&5 L%&/!$%& !&t%-+!#$%& &on '!%+/!nt! $/!n&$on!& ! !)%n%o0 !& !#$' +% %+tu'% /.$/%('$/!' n/!'o 7 !+ $/!t'o /.$/o &!uno n/!'o ! un% -o-$n% !)%n%%5

L%& /!#*!'%& #on&t%n ! +%& &$u$!nt!& /!$%& 12.@ 1>20 12 . 69 +4 . 6 1>20 16 .65

3.3.3.5. La Cabea de la *leta (Ver Fig. 11)E+ /oo !n !+ #u%+ +% /!#*% !& ++!)%% 7 u$%% !n !nt'%% % +% %+!t% !t!'/$n% !+ '%o! +% to'&$n 7 +% t!n&$n ! !)%n%o5 Don! +% /!#*% t$!n! &o+%/!nt! -%j% to'&$n o !&to%0 (%'% u! *%7% un '$!&o ! ,%+&o !&t$'%j!0 +% *!-'% (%&% % t'%)"& ! +% #%-!% ! +%%+!t% *%#$% +% '%nu'% u:% &$n !n)o+)!'&! A5 Un% /!$% )u!+t% ! !n'o++%o0 #o/o &!/u!&t'% !n B0 !& !-$o % un% )!+o#$% %+t% ! -o-$n%o #on n$)!+!& %+to& ! to'&$n5E+ !n'o++%o ,%#$+$t% un /!jo' #ont'o+ ! +% t!n&$n ! +% /!#*% 7 ! +% ,o'/%#$n ! +%-o-$n%5

L%& #%-!%& ! +%& %+!t%& %nt$u%& &on ! /!t%+ &u%)!5S$n !/-%'o0 +%& %+!t%& /o!'n%& t$!n!n un% $n&!'#$n !

#%u#*o ,o'/%o #on '%nu'%&0 *!n$u'%& o /u!%& F$5125 E&t% $n&!'#$n ! +% %+!t% !j!'#! un% ,u!'t! $n,+u!n#$%!n !+ n$)!+ ! to'&$n !n +% /!#*% !nt'! !+ t'!n ! !&t$'%j!7 +% %+!t%0 7 t%/-$"n !n +%& #on$#$on!& ! !)%n%o !n +%-o-$n%5 Su& ,o'/%#$on!& +!& ,%#$+$t%n +% #onu##$n ! +%/!#*% &u-&t%n#$%+/!nt! /!jo' u'%nt! +% $n&!'#$n ! +%to'&$n0 7 %!/& %n ,%+&% to'&$n5 Un '!&u+t%o ! +%,%+&% to'&$n !& u! +% /!#*% 7% !&t to'#$% ,u!'t!/!nt!!n +% +on$tu no &uj!t% u! &! $'$! *%#$% +% %+!t%5 A&: !+(o'#!nt%j! ! 'otu'%& ! +% /!#*% !n !+ t'$nu+o !*$+%tu'% !& '!u#$o0 7 +%& (!+u&$++%& 7 +% ,o'/%#$n !

n%(% &on $&/$nu$%&5 Un &!uno '!&u+t%o !+ ,%+&o!&t$'%j! !& un% /!#*% /& #o/(%#t%0 +% #u%+ $n#'!/!nt%+% #%(%#$% ! +% -o-$n% 7 *%#! (o&$-+! %+t%&)!+o#$%!& (%'% +% %+!t%5 L% #%(%#$% ! +% -o-$n% !&$n#'!/!nt%% %n /& (o'u! +% &o+$! ! +% /!#*%*%#! (o&$-+! un !)%n%o #on %+t% t!n&$n5 E+ !,!#to !+% ,%+&% to'&$n $&/$nu7! &$n$,$#%t$)%/!nt! %#t$)%/!nt!+%& ,$n%& $,!'!n#$%& u! !.$&t:%n !nt'! +%& -o-$n%&!+%nt!'%& 7 (o&t!'$o'!&5


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3.3.3.6. Brao Co'presor (Fig. 13)E+ !o #o/('!&o' )% %%$o % uno ! +o& +%o& ! +% %+!t% !n &u (%'t! $nt!'n%5 E+ !o#o/('!&o' u:% +% /!#*% % +% &%+$% ! +% %+!t% 7 +% u:% % +% -o-$n%5 L% /!#*% &!!n)u!+)! 2A o t'!& B )!#!& %+'!!o' !+ !o #o/('!&o'5 E+ n/!'o ! )u!+t%&

!(!n! !+ /%t!'$%+ 7 !+ n$)!+ ! to'&$on!&5

353545 ENROLLADO DE LA BOBINA

3.3.".1. For'acin de la Bobina (para la operacin de enrollado/ 0er el0ol!'en 1)

L% -o-$n% !& ! #u!'(o #$+:n'$#o #on (unt% #n$#% F$5 145 L% -o-$n% !&t *!#*% !!&($'%& (%'%+!+%& ! /!#*% u! &! !(o&$t%n !n tu-o& ! /%!'% o (+&t$#o& *u!#o& (%'%u! !nt'!n !n +o& *u&o&5 P%'% +% ,o'/%#$n ! +% (unt% #n$#%0 +% %+tu'% ! -o-$n%o !&%#o't%% ! %''$-% 7 %-%jo0 +u!o ! +% ,o'/%#$n ! #%% #%(% ! !&($'%&5


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L% -o-$n% !& +% ,o'/% $!%+ (%'% t'%n&(o't%' !+ /%t!'$%+ % +% #ont$nu% ! %n$++o&0 #u%nto/& ++!n%0 !+ (o't%-o-$n%& ++!)% !&t! /%t!'$%+ '!+%t$)%/!nt! /& #%nt$% ! /%t!'$%+

+%'o0 !(!n$!no ! +% #o/(%#t%#$n0 #u%no !+ tu-o !&t )%#:o0 o#u(% (o#o !&(%#$o#on)!n$!nt! (%'% &u t'%n&(o't! 7 %+/%#!n%j!5

E+ nu+o ! +% (unt% #n$#% ! +o& !.t'!/o& no'/%+/!nt! &! !n#u!nt'% !nt'! 8


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)!+o#$% !+ !j! ('$n#$(%+5 En %+uno& #%&o& &! ut$+$%n un$%!& ! PIV !n +u%' ! +o$+$n'o& #n$#o&5

Un% $,$#u+t% %$#$on%+ #on'!+%#$n %+ &$&t!/% !-o-$n%o !& u! %+

/o)$/$!nto ! $'o ! +%&-o-$n%& !n +% -%n#%%0 !&t%&! !-! /o)!' t%/-$"n !%''$-% % %-%jo5 E& n!#!&%'$o!nton#!& un% #on!.$n,+!.$-+! !nt'! +o& !n'%n%j!&!+ !j! ('$n#$(%+ 7 %+ !j!+on$tu$n%+ E+ 'o$++o ,+!.$-+!,u! u&%o (%'% !&t!('o(&$to !nt'! !n'%n%j!&! 8< 7 60 !n F$5 1@0 7 )!'

F$5 1S$n !/-%'o +% 'u!% !

!n'%n%j! $&(u!&t% !n un -'%o o 'o$++o ,+!.$-+! t$!n! +% !&)!nt%j% u! &! /u!)!n un%&% ot'%& u'%nt! +o& /o)$/$!nto& ! %''$-% % %-%jo5 E&to #%u&% '!)o+u#$on!& %$#$on%+!&u! %$#$on%n o &u&t'%!n +% 'ot%#$n ! +% -o-$n%0 !(!n! !n +% $'!##$n !+ '!#o''$o! +% %+%%5 L% )%'$%#$n ! +% t!n&$n +u!o &! $n#'!/!nt%5 Ho7 !n :% &! u&%n !j!&t!+!o($o& o #%!n%&5

3535@5 TRANSMISI\N DE MOVIMIENTO A LOS CONOS

3.3.5.1. Per%il de los ConosA #%u&% ! +% )%'$%#$n ! )!+o#$% n!#!&%'$% !n +o& *u&o&0 o#u''!n (!u!o&0

/o)$/$!nto& !n +% ,%j% ! +o& #ono&0 +u!o ! #on#+u$' #%% /o)$/$!nto ! +% -%n#%%5 L%)!+o#$% ! 'ot%#$n ! +% -o-$n%0 !-! #%/-$%' % /%n!'% ! un% ,un#$n +$n!%+5

D!&%,o'tun%%/!nt!0 +o& #on&t%nt!& /o)$/$!nto& !n un% &u(!',$#$! un$,o'/! !+ #ono0 no)%':% ! /%n!'% +$n!%+ (o' +o u! no &! o-t!n':% +% )%'$%#$n +$n!%+ ! )!+o#$% !n +%-o-$n%5 L% o-t!n#$n ! +% !&!%% )%'$%#$n +$n!%+ ! +%& -o-$n%&0 &! +o'% *%#$!no*$(!'-+$#%& +%& &u(!',$#$!& ! +o& #ono& )!' F$5 185 Don! !+ #ono u!% !+ /o)$/$!nto!& !+ #on)!.o &u(!'$o' 7 !+ ! %''%&t'! !& !+ #n#%)o $n,!'$o'5

Fig.1. Cono con0eos cnca0os

L% #u')% *$(!'-+$#% $,$#u+t% !+ $&!o ! +o& #ono&5 A!/& u'%nt! +% o(!'%#$n !-o-$n%o0 +% ,%j% &!' &$!/('! /o)$% !n &u(!',$#$!& u! )%':%n &u $n#+$n%#$n5 Co/o'!&u+t%o0 ! !&t%& #on&$!'%#$on!& *o7 !n :% +% /%7o':% ! #ono& &on ! &u(!',$#$!++%n%5 Po' +o t%nto !n +% ,%j% &! +! !-! )%'$%' +% /%n$tu ! #%% (%&o9 +o& (%&o& $n$#$%+!&&on '!+%t$)%/!nt! +%'o& 7 +%& +t$/%& /& (!u!o&5 En #%/-$o +o& #ono& ! (!',$+


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*$(!'-+$#o +%o $u$!'o0 un% !.#"nt'$#% !& u&%% !n !+ /!#%n$&/o !+ /o)$/$!nto !+% ,$j% +%o !'!#*o )!' F$5 15

3.3.5.2. o0i'iento de la Faa (0er Fig. 2-)E+ /o)$/$!nto ! +% ,%j% !& #ont'o+%o (o' un% 'u!% '%t#*!t !n !+ !j! 1


41/49

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Fig. 2- o0i'iento de la %aa

S$ &! $n&!'t% un ($n % +% 'u!% '%t#*!t #on /!no& $!nt!&0 +% ,%j% &! /u!)! % (%&o& /&+%'o& 7 )$#!)!'&%5 Cu%no +% -o-$n% !&t #o/(+!t%/!nt! ++!n%0 +% ,%j% !-! #o''!'&!*%#$% %t'&0 !+ (unto ! %''%nu!5 A#tu%+/!nt! !&t! +t$/o /o)$/$!nto !& *!#*o%uto/t$#%/!nt! (o' un /oto' %u.$+$%'5

3.3.5.3. Barra de Correccin (barra de co'pensacin/ 0arilla de correccin)S$ !+ /o)$/$!nto ! +% ,%j% no #o''!&(on! %+ $n#'!/!nto !+ $/!t'o ! +% -o-$n%0!nton#!& !-! #%/-$%'&! !+ ($n ! +% 'u!% '%t#*!t o +% /$&/% 'u!% '%t#*!t5 Lo%/-$o& !-!n *%#!'&! ! $!nt! % $!nt! (%'% no &o-'!(%&%' !+ !,!#to !&!%o5 En/u#*o& #%&o& &! '!u$!'! ! #%/-$o& /& ,$no& (o' +o u! )%'$o& ('o)!!o'!& +%&,%-'$#%n %*o'% #on -%''% ! #o/(!n&%#$n5 F$5215

Fig. 21 Diagra'a %!ncional de la barra de correccin

L% -%''% 1 !&t /ont%% !n +% '!$n !+ u$%o' ! +% ,%j% !n ,o'/% (%'%+!+% % !&t!5 En+% (o&$#$n 40 &u $&(o&$#$n '!+%t$)% (u!! )%'$%'&! 7 7% no &!' (%'%+!+%5 L% ,%j% !&/o)$% (o' un #%-+! u! (%&% %+'!!o' !+ u$%o' ! ,%j% @5

S$ +% -%''% 7 !+ u$%o' ! +% ,%j% no )% !n ,o'/% (%'%+!+% 7 &$ +% $n#+$n%#$n ! +% -%''% !&+% /& '%n!0 #o/o &! /u!&t'% !n +% ,$u'% 20 !nton#!& +% 'u!% +:n!% (unt!%% &!/u!)! *%#$% %''$-% #on !+ u$%o' ! ,%j% @5 L% $&t%n#$% !nt'! +% 'u!% o 'o$++o 2 7 !+(unto ! %n#+%j! !+ #%-+! &! $n#'!/!nt% ! A1% A25 E&to u$!'! !#$' u! +% !.t!n&$n !+


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#%-+! !& !t!'/$n%% (o' un /o)$/$!nto no t'%n&/$t$o #o/(+!t%/!nt! %+ u$%o' ! +%,%j%9 !n #%/-$o (%'t! ! !&t% !.t!n&$n !& u&%% !n !+ $n#'!/!nto ! +% $&t%n#$% A5 A&: !+/o)$/$!nto ! +% ,%j% &! *%#! % (%&o& /& (!u!o& u! #o''!&(on!n $'!#t%/!nt! % +o(%&%o !n !+ #%-+!5 E+ !,!#to '!)!'&o !& o-t!n$o &$ +% -%''% ! #o/(!n&%#$n !o+o#%% !n $'!##$n o(u!&t% '!+%t$)% %+ u$%o' ! +% ,%j%5

E+ $n#'!/!nto !+ $/!t'o ! +% -o-$n% !& !n ('$n#$($o un% ,un#$n +$n!%+ !+ n/!'o !#%(%&5 P!'o !&% '!+%#$n (u!! no &!' )!'% !n +% ('#t$#%0 % #%u&% ! u! +% #on$#$n-o-$n%o no &!% %-&o+ut%/!nt! #on&t%nt!5

A+ $n$#$o ! +% o(!'%#$n ! -o-$n%o0 !+ (%&o (o' +% /!#*!'% &u!n% !& !n'o++%% /&,u!'t! tu-o ! +% -o-$n%9 %+ ,$n%+ &! *%#! /& &u%)!0 #o''!&(on$!no % +% #o/(%#t%#$n! +% -o-$n%0 (o'u! !+ /%t!'$%+ (o' &: /$&/o % !&t! ,o'/%to5 E&t! #%/-$o 7 ot'o%/-$o& !n #on$#$on!& %&o#$%%&0 (u!!n %' %u/!nto o )%'$%#$on!& ! +% t!n&$nu'%nt! !+ -o-$n%o5 P%'% &!' #%(% ! %%(t%' % !&to&0 +% -%''% ! #o''!##$n !&,'!#u!nt!/!nt! *!#*% !n )%'$%& (%'t!& +o& #u%+!& &on '!u+%-+!& uno& % ot'o&5

E+ o-j!t$)o !& u! !+ n$)!+ ! t!n&$n &! /%nt!n% !n !+ /$&/o n$)!+ !&! !+ $n$#$o *%&t%

!+ ,$n%+ !+ -o-$n%o (o' /!$o ! +% '!+%t$)% % +!)%nt%% o -%j%% ! +% -%''%5

TROCIL O CONTINUA DE ANILLOS

D!'$(#$n !n!'%+ !+ t'o#$+

L% /%u$n% !&t #on&t$tu$% (o' un '%n /oto' ! %+$/!nt%#$n u! t'%n&/$t! !+/o)$/$!nto %+ &$&t!/% ! !n'%n%j! (%'% (on!' !n %##$n #$+$n'o& 7 *u&o&0 !&t ('o)$&to! un &$&t!/% n!u/t$#o ! %&($'%#$n (%'% (%-$+o o *$+o #u%no &! *% &u,'$o un% 'otu'%0(o' t!'/$n%#$n !+ /%t!'$%+ 7 (%'% ,$-'%& ,+ot%nt!&0 !+ !&(!'$#$o ! *$+o &! #ono#! #o/o!&to(% 7 !+ !&(!'$#$o ! (%-$+o 7 ,$-'%& #o/o (n!u/%,$+5 Con&t% ! un &$&t!/% !+"#t'$#o

(%'% !n#!n$o0 %''%nu! 7 (%'o ! +% /%u$n%9 un% )! u! &! !n#$!n! no (%'% +%/%u$n% *%&t% #o/(+!t%' &u ('ou##$n5 En +o& !u$(o& /& /o!'no& #on &$&t!/%!+"#t'$#o !& (o&$-+! /on$to'!%' ('ou##$n0 %+t!'%#$on!& o !,!#to&0 ,%++%& o !,$#$!n#$%&(o' #%% *u&o ('ou#t$)o 7 !+ tot%+ ! +% /%u$n%5

C%'%#t!':&t$#%&


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A(+$#% %+to !&t$'%j!A(+$#% to'&$n !,$n$t$)% /!$%nt! %n$++o 7 #u'&%o'5S! %+$/!nt% #on (%-$+o ! )!+o (%'% ('ou#$' *$+%o5H$+o &!n#$++o ! un &o+o #%-o 7>o *!-'%5E+ *$+o ('ou#$o &! %''o++% !n #%n$++%& ! #$!'t% %+%% 7 $/!t'o5C%% *$+o &! ('ou#! !n un *u&o5L% #%(%#$% !+ t'o#$+ )% !&! +o& 4 *u&o o ! /u$n%5 Lo& *$+o& 'u!&o& ! (o#%to'&$n 7 ! /%7o' #%nt$% ! ,$-'%& ++!n%n /& '($o +%& #%n$++%&0 /$!nt'%& u! t:tu+o&/& ,$no& #on un /%7o' /!t'%j! ! *$+o t%'%n /& t$!/(o !n *%#!' +% &%#%% o('ou##$n5 P%'% /!$' +% ('ou##$n (o' tu'no0 % (!&%' ! +o& #ont%o'!& !.$&t!nt!& !


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D!,!#to& ! !+%-o'%#$n !n !+ t'o#$+

Pu!!n &!' ! o& t$(o&1 En +% #%+$% !+ *$+o t!n$!no% *$+o $''!u+%'0 !& !#$' #on (%'t!& 'u!&%& 7 !+%%&5- *$+o "-$+ o #on ,%+t% ! '!&$&t!n#$%5# *$+o #o't%o5 *$+o ,+%/!%o52 D!,!#to& !n +% ,o'/%#$n ! +% #%n$++%% #%n$++%& !/%&$%o ++!n%&- #%n$++%& !,o'/! #%n$++%& #on ,%+t% ! /%t!'$%+ #%n$++%& /u7 ,+oj%&! #%n$++%& /u7 %('!t%%&

P%'/!t'o& !+ ('o#!&o ! *$+%tu'% &($nn$n !n !+ t'#$+L% t!#no+o:% ! +% #ont:nu% ! %n$++o& R$n,'%/! T!#*no+o7K !& un% t!#no+o:% &!n#$++%7 %nt$u%0 (!'o0 +% ('ou##$n 7 +o& '!u$&$to& ! #%+$% !n +% %#tu%+$%0 (on! /u#*%('!&$n &o-'! !+ t"#n$#o (%'% &!+!##$on%' +o& (%'/!t'o& !+ ('o#!&o (t$/o 7 +o& ! +%/u$n%0 ! /oo u! un *$+o ! -u!n% #%+$% (u!! &!' ('ou#$o #on un /!no' #o&to! ,%-'$#%#$n5

Lo& &$u$!nt!& &on +o& (unto& % #on&$!'%' !n un '$n,'%/!

; Lo& %ju&t!& 7 $&t'$-u#$n !+ !&t$'%j!5; An$++o 7 #u'&%o'!&5; V!+o#$% !+ *u&o5; To'&$n5; T$(o ! ,$+!t%; E+ /%t!'$%+ ! %+$/!nt%#$n5; L% +on$tu ! +% /u$n%5; T$(o ! un$%0 (o' !n#$/% ! too5

L% /%t!'$% ('$/% ju!% un (%(!+ ('$n#$(%+ !n +% &!+!##$n ! $#*o& (%'/!t'o& !+('o#!&o5

Un /$&/o !u$(o o /%t!'$% ('$/% no &! (u!! '!('!&!nt%' ! +% /$&/% /%n!'% !n o&,-'$#%& $,!'!nt!&5 E&to !& !-$o %+ *!#*o ! u! no *%7 o& ,-'$#%& u! &!%n$"nt$#%&5

E&t$'%j!5


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E+ ('!!&t$'%j! !(!n! ! +o &$u$!nt!

; T$(o ! ,$-'%5; Lon$tu ! ,$-'%5; E&t$'%j! ('$n#$(%+5

A+uno& !j!/(+o& &on +o& &$u$!nt!&

No'/%+/!nt! un ('!!&t$'%j! ! 1513 % 1518 &! ut$+$% (%'%

A+on 1


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t"#n$#o #%/-$% +% #on,$u'%#$n o +o& %ju&t!&0 !&to &!u'%/!nt! &! t'%u#$' !n /&$/(!',!##$on!& 7 !+ $/(%#to &!' /%7o'5 Po' +o t%nto #on !+ ('o#!&o ! +%& ,$-'%& !%+on0 &! !-! t!n!' #u$%o #on +o& %ju&t!& ! +% on% !+%nt!'%0 %!/& !-!':% &!'!+ %!#u%o % +%& '!#o/!n%#$on!& ! +o& ,%-'$#%nt!& ! /%u$n%'$%5P%'% +%& ,$-'%& &$nt"t$#%& %''$-% ! 44 //0 !& /!jo' u&%' #'%+!&K #o'to&5 In#+u&o #on 425@// ! %ju&t! !+ 'o$++o $n,!'$o'0 +% ,$-'% ! 44 // t'%-%j% &$n n$nn ('o-+!/%5 L%&$/(!',!##$on!& 7 U= +o'%o #on +% #'%+!K #o't% !& /!jo' u! #on /!$o #'%+!K @2// % ju&t!5

En +u%' ! u&%' #'%+!K /!$%no (%'% !+ ('o#!&%/$!nto ! ,$-'%& &$nt"t$#%& ! 44 //0&$!/('! !& /!jo' u&%' !+ #'%+!K #o't% #on 1 o 2 // /& %n#*% u! +o& %ju&t!&'!#o/!n%o& (%'% !)$t%' %o& !n +%& #$nt%& ! ,ono5

S$ un% ,-'$#% t$!n! un ('o-+!/% #on un 'o$++o $n,!'$o' !,!#tuo&o +o& %o& ! +%& #$nt%&&on !.t'!/%%/!nt! %+to&0 !& /!jo' u&%' un #'%+!K #o'to ! ,$-'% ! 44 // 7 %/(+$%'+o& %ju&t!& !n 1 o 2 //5 E&to '!u#$' %+ /:n$/o +%& u!j%& 7 /!jo'%' +% #%+$% !+ *$+ot%/-$"n5

T!n% !n #u!nt% u! &$ +%& 'otu'%& ! +%& #$nt%& ! ,ono &on %+t%&0 !nton#!& +% ,-'$#%!&t t'%-%j%no #on /u#*%& #$nt%& !,!#tuo&%& 7 #on /u#*o& 'o$++o& !,!#tuo&o&5A/-o& !,!#to& ('ou#!n *$+o& !,!#tuo&o&0 u! no (u!! '!#*%%'&! !n +% )!'&$n%nt!'$o' ! +$/($%o'!& ! *$+%o& o un% $&(o&$#$n $n%!#u%% !+ nu!)o t$(o !(u'%o'!&5 E&t! *$+o %,!#t% /u#*:&$/o %+ %&(!#to ! +% t!+%5Po' +o t%nto0 &$!/('! !& '!#o/!n%-+! ut$+$%' %/-o& %ju&t!& !n +% on% ,'ont%+ ! 2//5Lo& %ju&t!& $n'!&%'n +%& $/(!',!##$on!& %+ USTER (!'o no *%-' !&)$%#$on!&$/(o't%nt!& ! +% #%+$% !+ *$+%o5R$n %n t'%)!++!' %n$++o& 7 #u'&%o'!&5


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E+ $/!t'o !+ %n$++o0 !+ %n#*o !+ %+% 7 !+ (!',$+ !+ %n$++o9 !(!n! ! +% ,$-'%0 $'o (o'(u+%%0 !+!)%#$n ! +% /u$n%0 !t#5

L% )!+o#$% ! o(!'%#$n !+ #u'&%o' t$!n! un +:/$t! /.$/o0 7% u! !+ #%+o' !n!'%o!nt'! !+ %n$++o 7 !+ #u'&%o' &! $&$(%' (o' +% -%j% /%&% !+ )$%j!'o !n (o#o t$!/(o$&(on$-+!5

; S$ !+ *$+o ! %+on (!$n%o !& (%'% *%#!' t!j$o ! (unto0 +% )!+o#$% ! o(!'%#$n!+ t'%)!++!'K t$!n! un +:/$t! /.$/o0 (o'u! !+ #%+o' !n!'%o !nt'! !+ %n$++o 7 !+t'%)!++!'K &!':% $&$(%o (o' +% -%j% /%&% !+ t'%)!++!'K !n un (o#o ! t$!/(o $&(on$-+!5

S$ !+ *$+o ! %+on (!$n%o no !& (%'% t!j$o ! (unto0 +% )!+o#$% !+ t'%)!++!'K no&!' un ,%#to' +$/$t%nt!5 Po' +o t%nto0 !+ ,%#to' +$/$t%nt! &!' +% t!n&$n !+ *$+o5

S$u$!no +o& (unto& % #on&$!'%'

; ! 12& % 24&0 !+ %n$++o ! 42 // #on 18< // ! !+!)%#$n (u!! &!' ut$+$%o5

; ! 24& % 36&0 !+ %n$++o ! 4< // #on 18< // ! !+!)%#$n (u!! &!' ut$+$%o5; ! 36& % 6


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http://catarina.udlap.mx/u_dl_a/tales/documentos/lit/vazquez_s_e/capitulo2.pdfhttp://www.buenastareas.com/http://www.textilespanamericanos.com/http://es.thefreedictionary.com/manuarhttp://www.truetzschler.de/typo3temp/pics/a83f945e92.jpghttp://www.textilespinning.co.cc/http://www.textiletechnology.co.cc/spinning/BLOWROOM.htmhttp://www.buenastareas.com/http://www.textilespanamericanos.com/http://es.thefreedictionary.com/manuarhttp://www.truetzschler.de/typo3temp/pics/a83f945e92.jpghttp://www.textilespinning.co.cc/http://www.textiletechnology.co.cc/spinning/BLOWROOM.htmhttp://catarina.udlap.mx/u_dl_a/tales/documentos/lit/vazquez_s_e/capitulo2.pdf

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