highwire press innovation by & with scholars michael a. keller stanford university libraries
TRANSCRIPT
HighWire PressInnovation by & with scholars
Michael A. Keller
Stanford University Libraries
http://highwire.stanford.edu
What is HighWire Press?
A dept of the Stanford University LibrariesA service to scholarly societies & “responsible” publishers A community of publishers An enterprise (it is self-supporting) Not an aggregator Not a serials jobber Not free, publishers charged fees for services Not going to be sold, soon or ever
What is the mission ofHighWire Press?
Engage advanced network & other I.T. to enhance scholarly communication
-- innovate constantly on the basis of
-- publishers’ & editors’ desires &
-- feedback from readers
Contribute to marketplace correction by improving the competitive posture of scholarly societies and other “responsible” publishers
-- lifting the performance bars high
-- attracting authors & readers to scholarly societies
Content -highly cited, frequently read
• Publishers/societies 65• Titles/sites 211
– 40% of top 100 of most cited journals– 20% of top 500 of most cited journals– 52% of HW in top 500 most cited journals
• Full text articles 295,000, of which• Free full text articles172,000• Total content (articles/abstracts) 743,000
per month growth in 1999• Distinct hosts ~ 3 million 73%• Data delivered over a terabyte 126%
Full Text Online Goes Back...
25
72
97
5 years or more3 to 5 years2 years or less
Content: Representative Journals
• Science Magazine
• Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
• Journal of Biological Chemistry
• British Medical Journal
• EMBO Journal & EMBO Reports
• Journal of Neuroscience
• American Journal of Physiology (all sections)
• Annual Review (all sections)
• Health Promotion International
Content - available as published
• No delay of content for institutional readers• Publication is becoming faster:
– Ever shortening time between author submission & publication
– Manuscript acceptance & publication are becoming simultaneous events
– The issue is becoming a relic
• Private overnet to Brazil (& 24 other nations)
Articles become free…
6%
73%
13%
8%
4 free
45 up to and including 12months
8 18 to 24 months
5 after 5 years
Content –multimedia with purposes
~ 2000 articles have data supplements (.01%) • Movies 26%• Documents 6%• Images 60%• Excel 6%
Content – easily accessible, even free
• Free back articles– Publishers 24– Titles 62– Articles 172,000 ~60% of total– Database grows ~7,000 articles/month
• 10,000 to 12,000 pp per week
• Free prepublication articles– Accepted manuscripts (unedited papers) available for
free, forever, e.g. JBC Papers In Press
Content – are older articles accessed?
• Use decay ~users/article/month– At publication 100%– After 3+ months ~13%– After 6+ months ~ 7% (forever?)
• More readers online: they are accessing old articles & need more full text articles online
• Institutional statistics of use availableGovernments should fund retrospective conversion
else science will cease before ~1995
Content: ‘More is better’• Marketplace competition & choice• Content, content, content
– Highly cited, frequently read– Back files– Easily accessible, even free– Available fast– Formats follow function, multimedia with purposes
• Services to enhance research, teaching, learning– Toll free linking among HighWire titles– Personal alerting functions
• Perpetual access
Services - links
• ~ 2 million links from bibliographic references to full text articles & abstracts– Medline, ISI Web of Science, GenBank, HW jrnls
• ~ 500,000 links to free full text articles
Services - alerts• Table of Contents
• current • future
• Subject and Author• topic/author match• article is cited – hot link in e-mail message
• Forward citation alert• New titles• ~1 million alerts to 1/3+ million readers
• Growth ~100,000 alerts/month As of 4.16.00
Perpetual Access
• STM publishing is a record of scholarship • Online is superset of the paper• Paper journals are no longer an archival record
• E-journals are dynamic, have links and services • Static PDF or SGML archives are not sufficient• Back files & free access are services, not archives
Perpetual Access• Need many different systems and approaches
• HighWire migrates files (5x, so far!)
• HighWire maintains source and operating file tape archive off-site
• LOCKSS – Lots Of Copies Keeps Stuff Safe
– A software protocol to locally store and manage web content
• decentralized, distributed, highly replicated
• easy to use, inexpensive to operate
– Insures web content functionality, integrity, access
– http://lockss.stanford.edu
• SUL “Dark Cave” digital archive in development
Innovations
• Design/development & production site for Oxford English Dictionary, 3rd ed – http://www.oed.com
• Signal Transduction Knowledge Environment– AAAS content & HighWire technology
– A digital library – information and information services
– First of many http://www.stke.org
• Concept (semantic) searching in development
More about lockssif questions arise
• Provides simple web cache that:– never gets flushed– holds authorized content
• The cache– pre-fetches content as published– continuously validates against other caches– repairs gaps from publisher and other caches
• Persistence via redundancy– not via media archiving
• Cheap hardware; free open source software