high temperature thermochemical heat storage: operation modes of a 10kw pilot reactor based on...
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![Page 1: High Temperature Thermochemical Heat Storage: Operation Modes of a 10kW Pilot Reactor based on CaO/Ca(OH) 2 Matthias Schmidt, Christian Roßkopf, Marc Linder,](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022052522/5515e988550346d46f8b50a1/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
High Temperature Thermochemical Heat Storage:Operation Modes of a 10kW Pilot Reactor based
on CaO/Ca(OH)2
Matthias Schmidt, Christian Roßkopf, Marc Linder, Antje Wörner
www.DLR.de • Chart 1
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Content
- Introduction to thermochemical energy storage based on CaO/ Ca(OH)2
- Material properties
- Reactor design and test bench development
- Experimental results of different operation modes
- Summary and outlook
www.DLR.de • Chart 2
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Thermochemical Heat Storage reaction system CaO/Ca(OH)2
- Loss free storage of chemical potential
- Adjustable storage temperature
- Possibility of heat transformation
www.DLR.de • Chart 3
CaO(s) + H2O(g) ⇌ Ca(OH)2(s) + ΔH
endotherm
exotherm
1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.70.001
0.01
0.1
1
10
Temperatur 1000 / T [1/K]
pga
s [b
ar]
Ca(OH)2(s)
CaO(s)
636727 560 496 441 394 352 315
Temperature [°C]
H2O(g)
H2O(g)
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From a reaction system to a heat storage systemoperation principle
www.DLR.de • Chart 4
Reactor DesignGashandling
Process integration:
ReactionMaterial
Properties
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Material Properties - CaO/Ca(OH)2
www.DLR.de • Chart 5
Thermophysical properties:
- Fine powder (d50 ~ 5 µm)
- low permeability
- Low thermal conductivity (0.1 – 0.4 W/mK)
F. Schaube et al., Thermochimica Acta, 2012
Ca(OH)2 (4 Cycl) commerical available Ca(OH)2
Chemical properties:
- Reversible reaction (400-600°C)
- Sufficiently fast rates of reaction
- No chemical degradation observed
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Pilot Reactor Design (10kW; 25 kg Ca(OH)2)indirectly operated fixed bed
www.DLR.de • Chart 6
Source: DEG Eingineering
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Reaction Gas Handlingvapor pressure holder(10mbar – 3bar)
www.DLR.de • Chart 7
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Multifunctional Pilot Plantoverall experimental set up for CaO/Ca(OH)2 reactor
www.DLR.de • Chart 8
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Multifunctional Pilot Plantoverall experimental set up for CaO/Ca(OH)2 reactor
www.DLR.de • Chart 9
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Multifunctional Pilot Plantoverall experimental set up for CaO/Ca(OH)2 reactor
www.DLR.de • Chart 10
![Page 11: High Temperature Thermochemical Heat Storage: Operation Modes of a 10kW Pilot Reactor based on CaO/Ca(OH) 2 Matthias Schmidt, Christian Roßkopf, Marc Linder,](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022052522/5515e988550346d46f8b50a1/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Multifunctional Pilot Plantoverall experimental set up for CaO/Ca(OH)2 reactor
www.DLR.de • Chart 11
M. Schmidt et al., Applied Thermal Energy 62 (2014)
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Multifunctional Pilot Plantoverall experimental set up for CaO/ Ca(OH)2 reactor
www.DLR.de • Chart 12
M. Schmidt et al., Applied Thermal Energy 62 (2014)
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0.00 50.00 100.00 150.00 200.00 250.00 300.00 350.00 400.00250
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0.00
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T_air_outlet
T_air_inlet
Conversion
Time [min]
Tem
per
atu
re [
°C]
Co
nve
rsio
n
Charging Modedehydration of Ca(OH)2 at ph2O = 100mbar
www.DLR.de • Chart 13
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0.00 20.00 40.00 60.00 80.00 100.00 120.00 140.00 160.00 180.00 200.00300
350
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T_air_inlet
T_R_01
T_R_05
T_R_11
T_R_13
time [min]
Tem
per
atu
re [
°C]
Buffer Storage Modedroping inlet temperature, hydration of CaO at 1 bar vapor
www.DLR.de • Chart 14
Tequilibrium = 490°C@ (ph2O ~ 1bar)
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Heat Generation ModeHydration of CaO, starting temperature of 350°C
www.DLR.de • Chart 15
0.00 50.00 100.00 150.00 200.00 250.00330
350
370
390
410
430
450
470
490
0.00
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0.90
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T_air_inlet
T_air_outlet
Conversion
time [min]
Tem
per
atu
re [
°C]
Co
nve
rsio
n
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Summary and Outlook
CaO / Ca(OH)2 combines low material costs with high storage density
Reactor for 25kg (10 kWh) and 10 kW in operation
Charging at temperatures >400°C demonstrated
Discharging at adjustable temperatures (400-600°C) and in different operation modes possible
- Development of integration strategies(CSP and other applications)
- Performance evaluation through system modeling
- Material modifications to improve conveyance
www.DLR.de • Chart 16
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Thank you!
Matthias SchmidtGerman Aerospace Center (DLR)Institute of Technical Thermodynamics
www.DLR.de • Chart 17