high rise vertical circulation and service
TRANSCRIPT
Study onVertical Circulation & Service……………..
Vertical circulation:Vertical circulation, as usually applied in architecture, is the movement of people and goods between interior spaces in buildings and to entrances and exits. Safe, convenient, rapid circulation is essential for all buildings under both normal and emergency conditions.
Element of Vertical circulation:1. RAMP.2. STAIR.3. ESCALATOR.4. ELEVATOR.
Service:Simply state that service is defined as those part of a building that consists of the service lift, fire stair,Toilet, M&E service riser duct .
Element of Service :1. TOILET2. FIRE STAIR.3. SERVICE/FIRE ELEVATOR4. RISER DUCT
Elements of service :
1. TOILET
2. PLUMBING
3. DUCTING
4. SERVICE/FIRE LIFT
5. FIRE STAIR
PLAN: SEARS TOWER
1
Core:
The core of a multistory building that integrates functions and service needs for established occupants. Such areas are normally composed of toilet facilities, elevator banks, janitors’ closet, utilities, mechanical facilities, smoke shafts and stair. Core also known as facade envelope is a spatial element for load-bearing high-rise building system
Types of core:
1. central core
2. Split core
3. End core
4. Atrium core
Structure of Core:
a. If the building structure been R.C.C,the core structure should be shear wall. In this case core structure may not be steel structure.
b. If the building structure been steel , the core structure should be steel structure. In this case core structure may be R.C.C structure.
c. If the building structure been Composite ,the core structure should be shear wall. In this case core structure may not be steel structure.
Arrangement pattern & spatial effect of Vertical circulation:(ELEVATOR)
ARRANGEMENT TWO-CAR GROUPING
•Side-by-side arrangement is best•Passenger face both cars& can react immediately•AVOID separation of elevators•EXCESSIVE separation destroy advantages of group operation
THREE-CAR GROUPING
•3 cars in a row is PREFERRABLE•2 cars opposite 1 is acceptable •PROBLEM: location of elevator call button
Arrangement pattern & spatial effect of Vertical circulation:(ELEVATOR)
ARRANGEMENT FOUR-CAR GROUPING
•commonly in large, busier buildings•2-opposite-2 arrangement is the most efficient
SIX-CAR GROUPING
•found in large office buildings, public buildings & hospitals•provide quantity & quality•3-opposite-3 position is PREFERRED •dimension of the LOBBY must not be less than 3m or 3.6m if function as a passageway
ARRANGEMENT EIGHT-CAR GROUPING
•the largest PRACTICAL group•4-opposite-4 arrangement
Arrangement pattern & spatial effect of Vertical circulation:(ELEVATOR)
EXPRESS ELEVATOR :• fastest elevator• interval stoppage: specific floor• interval time: 33 ft/s(World Trade Centre) 54 ft/s (Taipei 101)
LOCAL ELEVATOR :• normal speedy elevator• interval stoppage: each floor• interval time: up to 10 ft/s
ELEVATOR
1.Central Core
Arrangement pattern & spatial effect of Vertical circulation:(ELEVATOR)
Elevator position preferable in centre &Horizontal circulation is easier
ELEVATOR
2.Split Core
Arrangement pattern & spatial effect of Vertical circulation:(ELEVATOR)
Individual elevator layout position according to using purpose &
Horizontal circulation is noteasier
ELEVATOR
3.End Core
Arrangement pattern & spatial effect of Vertical circulation:(ELEVATOR)
Horizontal circulation is noteasier
ELEVATOR
4.Atrium Core
Arrangement pattern & spatial effect of Vertical circulation:(ELEVATOR)
Horizontal circulationis easier
STAIR & FIRE EXIT
1.Central Core
Arrangement pattern & spatial effect of Service:(STAIR & FIRE EXIT)
Easily escape for central position & mechanical lighting
2.Split Core
STAIR & FIRE EXIT
Arrangement pattern & spatial effect of Service:(STAIR & FIRE EXIT)
More easily escape for split position
3.End Core
STAIR & FIRE EXIT
Arrangement pattern & spatial effect of Service:(STAIR & FIRE EXIT)
Easily escape for end position
4.Atrium Core
STAIR & FIRE EXIT
Arrangement pattern & spatial effect of Service:(STAIR & FIRE EXIT)
Mechanical lighting
SERVICE ELEVATOR
1.Central Core
FIRE ELEVATOR
Arrangement pattern & spatial effect of Service:(SERVICE & FIRE ELEVATOR)
2.Split Core
SERVICE ELEVATOR
FIRE ELEVATOR
Arrangement pattern & spatial effect of Service:(SERVICE & FIRE ELEVATOR)
3.End Core
SERVICE ELEVATORFIRE ELEVATOR
Arrangement pattern & spatial effect of Service:(SERVICE & FIRE ELEVATOR)
4.Atrium Core
SERVICE ELEVATOR
Arrangement pattern & spatial effect of Service:(SERVICE & FIRE ELEVATOR)
• Toilet layout should be in service core• Toilet block should be near of riser duct• Block position is located in a place so that
people can use it without access in lift lobby
Arrangement pattern & spatial effect of Service:(TOILET)
TOILET
1.Central Core
Arrangement pattern & spatial effect of Service:(TOILET)
2.Split Core
TOILET
Arrangement pattern & spatial effect of Service:(TOILET)
3.End Core
TOILET
Arrangement pattern & spatial effect of Service:(TOILET)
4.Atrium Core
TOILET
Arrangement pattern & spatial effect of Service:(TOILET)
Arrangement pattern & spatial effect of Service:(RISER DUCT)
• Duct layout should be near of toilet block for cost effective ducting• Duct shaft should be included maintenance door
RISER DUCT
1.Central Core
Arrangement pattern & spatial effect of Service:(RISER DUCT)
2.Split Core
RISER DUCT
Arrangement pattern & spatial effect of Service:(RISER DUCT)
3.End Core
RISER DUCT
Arrangement pattern & spatial effect of Service:(RISER DUCT)
4.Atrium Core
RISER DUCT
Arrangement pattern & spatial effect of Service:(RISER DUCT)
Ventilating is the process of replacing air in any space to provide high indoor air quality ( to control temperature, replenish oxygen, or remove moisture, odors, smoke, heat, dust, airborne bacteria and carbon dioxide). Ventilation is used to remove unpleasant smells and excessive moisture, introduce outside air, to keep interior building air circulating, and to prevent stagnation of the interior air.
Types of ventilation:1. Natural ventilation: occurs when the air in a space is
changed with outdoor air without the use of mechanical systems, such as a fan. Most often natural ventilation is assured through operable windows. Open windows or vents are not a good choice for ventilating a basement or other below ground structure. Allowing outside air into a cooler below ground space will cause problems with humidity and condensation.
2. Mechanical ventilation: an air handling unit or direct injection to a space by a fan. A local exhaust fan can enhance infiltration or natural ventilation, thus increasing the ventilation air flow rate.
3. Mixed Mode Ventilation: both mechanical and natural ventilation processes.
Natural ventilation
Mechanical ventilation
Arrangement pattern & spatial effect of Service:(VENTILATION)
Preferable ventilation: Mechanical.
Preferable ventilation: Natural.
Preferable ventilation: Natural.
Preferable ventilation: Natural & Mechanical
Arrangement pattern & spatial effect of Service:(RISER DUCT)
1.Central Core
4.Atrium Core3.End Core
2.Split Core
Mechanical Ventilation
Natural Ventilation
Natural Ventilation
Natural Ventilation & Mechanical Ventilation
Arrangement pattern & spatial effect of Service:(RISER DUCT)
Case study – National :
Babylonia, Dhaka
Shanta western tower, Dhaka
Babylonia:Project name: Babylonia Architect: Mustapha Khalid PalashLocation: Bir Uttam Mir Shawkat Sarak, TejgoanLand area: 40 katha, 28818 sq.ftOccupancy type: commercialBuilding stories: 12 stories +3 basementNo of floor: 15Size of spaces: 4363-14566 sq.ftNo of lift: 5Car parking :128+
Arrangement pattern & spatial effect of Vertical circulation:Core Type: End Core
1.Lift Lobby2.Stair3.Fire Exit4.Toilet Block5.Commercial space
Arrangement pattern & spatial effect of Vertical circulation:
1.ELEVATOR
Arrangement pattern & spatial effect of Vertical circulation:
FIRE EXIT
STAIR
Arrangement pattern & spatial effect of SERVICE:
FIRE & SERVICE ELEVATOR
TOILET
Arrangement pattern & spatial effect of SERVICE:
RISER DUCT
Arrangement pattern & spatial effect of SERVICE:
End Core : Natural Ventilation
Arrangement pattern & spatial effect of SERVICE:
Shanta western tower, Dhaka
Project name: Shanta western towerArchitect: Mustapha Khalid PalashLocation: Bir Uttam Mir Shawkat Sarak, TejgoanOccupancy type: commercialBuilding stories: 14 stories + 3 basementNo of floor: 17No of lift: 7Car parking :333+
Arrangement pattern & spatial effect of Vertical circulation:Core Type: Central Core
1.Lift Lobby2.Fire Exit3.Toilet Block4.Commercial space
WEST PARTSOUTH PART
NORTH PARTEAST PART
123
4
2
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Arrangement pattern & spatial effect of Vertical circulation:
1.ELEVATOR
WEST PARTSOUTH PART
NORTH PARTEAST PART
123
4
2
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Arrangement pattern & spatial effect of Vertical circulation:
FIRE EXIT
WEST PARTSOUTH PART
NORTH PARTEAST PART
123
4
2
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Arrangement pattern & spatial effect of SERVICE:
FIRE & SERVICE ELEVATOR
WEST PARTSOUTH PART
NORTH PARTEAST PART
123
4
2
13
TOILET
Arrangement pattern & spatial effect of SERVICE:
WEST PARTSOUTH PART
NORTH PARTEAST PART
123
4
2
13
RISER DUCT
Arrangement pattern & spatial effect of SERVICE:
WEST PARTSOUTH PART
NORTH PARTEAST PART
123
4
2
13
Central Core:Mechanical Ventilation
Arrangement pattern & spatial effect of SERVICE:
WEST PARTSOUTH PART
NORTH PARTEAST PART
123
4
2
13
References : Books:1. Service core.2. Eco-sky scraper.3. Tall Building structure
Website:4. www.skyscrapercity.com5. www.skyscraperpage.com6. www.wekipedia.com7. www.wekiarchitectura.com
Group : 05
ST ID:116005 116009 116030
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