high-precision efficiency calibration of a hp germanium detector
DESCRIPTION
High-precision efficiency calibration of a HP Germanium detector. Bertram Blank CEN Bordeaux-Gradignan. main physics goals detector scans source measurements MC simulations. ISOLDE workshop, December 5-7, 2011. Ft = ft (1 + d ’ R ) (1 + d NS - d C ) - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Bertram BlankCEN Bordeaux-Gradignan
• main physics goals• detector scans• source measurements• MC simulations
ISOLDE workshop, December 5-7, 2011
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Determination of experimental values for 0+
0+: measurement of T1/2, BR, QEC vector coupling constant Gv (CVC hypothesis) Vud element of CKM quark matrix
Precision required: < 10-3
Future subjects:- experimental tests of isospin
corrections dc- test of CVC on larger range
- measurements with more exotic isotopes
Measurements for A > 54 Measurements for Tz ≤ -1
Ft = 3073.660.75 s
Ft = ft (1 + d’R) (1 + dNS - dC)
= for T=1
K 2 G2
v (1+DvR)
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beam preparationwith REXtrap
Half-life of 38Ca:
B. Blank et al., EPJA 44 (2010) 363 BR = 75.45(58)%
ISOLDE 2007
T1/2 = 443.8 ± 1.9 ms
Kavanagh et al. Zioni et al. Present work Gallman et al. Wilson et al.
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• basically 100% super-allowed decay• very small non-analog decays• precision of e.g. 10% for a 1% transition: 0.1%
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• many decay channels open• strong non-analog transitions• high precision of g efficiency needed 0.1%
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• thick dead zone on interior side• thin external dead layer• request of high-precision for• crystal size• crystal position• dead zones
• large dewar• aluminum entrance window
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• X-ray radiography
• g-ray detector scans
• source measurements
• MC simulations
(GEANT4 or CYLTRAN)
develop a model of the detector
to calculate efficiency at any energy
at a fixed distance of 15 cm
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rough size of crystal tilt of crystal with respect to detector housing of 1° according to GEANT4 simulations no influence on results
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• AGATA scan table at CSNSM: strongly collaminated 137Cs source
HPGe
X-Y table137Cs (477MBq)
A. Korichi et al.
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• AGATA scan table at CSNSM: strongly collaminated 137Cs source (662 keV)
HPGe
X-Y table
137Cs (477MBq)
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• Scan at CENBG: strongly collaminated 241Am source (60 keV)
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total
full-energypeak
• excellent full-energy peak spectrum• good total-energy spectrum• problem with thickness of entrance window?
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total
full-energypeak
• tilt….• full-energy peak: excellent• total spectrum: raisonable• precision of the stepping motors: 10-2
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Source position
high-precisionX-Y-Z table
• all source measurements at exactly 15 cm from entrance window position precision of better than 0.1%
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• Fixed 137Cs and movable 241Am: 6ms of shaping time
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• To develop detector model:
• which code to use: GEANT4, CYLTRAN, EGGS….
• GEANT4: (J. Souin, PhD student…. he quit….)• almost all features needed• errors in decay schemes external event generator• no g-g correlations (1% effect) external event generator• not extremely well tested for low-energy g rays• different packages, which one to use?
• CYLTRAN: (BB)• very well tested J. Hardy• FORTRAN77…• only single g rays or electrons in the input
upgrade to « source-type » input via an external event generator• positron annihilation-in-flight not included
to be included; significant effect on escape peaks
• which code to use: GEANT4, CYLTRAN, EGGS….
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• two ways:• correct experimental data for summing effects to get single g-ray efficiencies
• certain number of approximations• « collimated » simulations, opening cone:
much less events to simulate• peak-to-total can be included a posteriori
J. Hardy et al.
• to simulate whole decay schemes• no approximations needed as long as decay scheme is known• need of event generator including g-g angular correlations• peak-to-total needed in simulations• need of a lot of simulated events to get statistics for all g rays!!
B. Blank et al.
• presently only CYLTRAN simulations
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• peak-to-total sources: one single g ray with 100% branching ratio 57Co, 51Cr, 85Sr, 137Cs, 58Co, 54Mn, 60Co, 22Na
• relative efficiency sources: a few well-known branches (BR error <1%) at largely different energies
• standard sources: 60Co, 88Y, 133Ba, 134Cs, 152Eu, 207Bi
• short-lived online source at ISOLDE: 24Na, 27Mg, 56Co, 66Ga, 75Se
• one absolute efficiency source: 60Co with activity precision of 0.7‰
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57Co 51Cr 85Sr 54Mn 60Co
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+133Ba, 56Co
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vendor specifications
adjusted parameters
length of crystal 79.2 mm 79.25 mm radius of crystal 34.8 mm 34.54 mmlength of central hole 59.5 mm 71.2 mmradius of central hole 5 mm 7.15 mmexternal dead zone <0.5 mm 0.5 mminternal dead zone 0.5 mm 0.5 mmend dead zone 0.5 mm 1 mmdistance window - crystal 5 mm 5.73 mm
!!
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• rescan front with 241Am• check entrance window thickness• measure entrance window to cristal distance• test pile-up correction for different energies and shaping times• improve sources 133Ba and 56Co• add sources 66Ga, 75Se, 134Cs, 152Eu• measure other sources:
• peak-to-total: 139Ce, 7Be, 65Zn, 28Al, 37S• efficiency: 46Sc, 59Fe, 108mAg, 120Sb, 180mHf, 66Ga
• add annihilation in flight to CYLTRAN• compare with GEANT4 simulations• analyse for single g-ray efficiency
detector model with 0.1-0.2% efficiency precision
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• J. Souin, PhD student• A. Korichi and Hoa Ha, CSNSM• A. Herlert and K. Johnston, ISOLDE• J. Hardy, Texas A & M• Exotic Nuclei group at CENBG
Born to be wild…..
Thanks for your attention!
… or what????
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full-energypeak
• nice over-all agreement• holding structure reasonably well reproduced
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full-energypeak
• slight difference…• there was a problem during the scan…
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total
full-energypeak
• good agreement for full-energy peak• reasonable agreement for total spectrum
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full-energypeak
• does not help a lot…• effect of holding structure very important
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b detector
Gedetectors
Tapetransportsystem
QEC
T1/2
0+
0+
BRg
38Ca ISOLDE beam from REXtrap
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• fixed 137Cs source and pulser on other channel
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137Cs:conversion electrons
57Co 51Cr 85Sr 137Cs 54Mn 60Co