Hierarchy of NeedsTheory of Motivation

Abraham Maslow

Luis GutierrezEDAM 819

Dr. Paulette Brooks

Agenda

• Who was Abraham Maslow ?• Humanist Paradigm• Principles of Maslow’s theory• Abraham Maslow Pyramid of Needs• Time to play• Levels of needs• Other viewpoint about needs• Discussion• References• Case Study Review

Who was Abraham Maslow ?

• Abraham was born in 1908 and passed away in 1970.

• His parents came to the United States from Russia.

• He was a psychologist

• He was married

• I don’t know if he had a cat.....

Humanist Paradigm

• Abraham Maslow is considered as one of the most representative scholars in the Humanist psychology.

Main Humanistic objectives in education are :

• To promote positive self-direction and independence.• To Develop the ability to take responsibility for what is learned.• To Develop creativity.• To Encourage curiosity.• To Promote interest in the arts.

"We are not in a position in which we have nothing to work with. We already have capacities, talents, direction, missions, callings.” Abraham Maslow.

Principles of Maslow

• He described life as a long journey from the basic needs level to the abstract needs level.

• Life’ s goal is to fulfill our needs.• When people reach their own potential, they

become more spontaneous, independent, active and responsible.

• He believed that people are motivated by seeking self-actualization.

Abraham Maslow theory

• He represented his theory called Hierarchy of needs through a pyramid.

TranscendenceSelf-actualization

Aesthetic needs

Need to know and understand

Esteem needs

Belongingness and love needs

Safety needs

Physiological needs

Abstract needs

Advanced needs

Basic needs

It’ s time to play......

What about our needs?

Levels of needsBasic (Physiological)• Food, clothes, sleep• Safe residence• Love...being loved• RespectAdvanced Needs• To know ourselves and to understand our world• To use our knowledge and talentsAbstract needs• To realize our personal meaning of life• To become an integrated and valuable part of the

world

Other viewpoint about needs

The Chilean economist Manfred Max-Neef ( 1932 -...) developed a different school called “Human Scale Development”. In his work Max Neef defines that human needs are few and finite, rather than traditional western concepts in which needs are infinite and insatiable. Max-Neef defines the following human needs :

• subsistence• protection• affection• understanding• participation• recreation (in the sense of leisure, time to reflect, or idleness),• creation• identity and• freedom.

• Max Neef says, there is no a hierarchy excepts for basic needs, he recognizes that basic needs are a baseline. Human needs should be understood as a system, interrelated and interactive.

• Max-Neef pointed out that human needs are constant through human history and cultures. The difference is how each culture satisfies those needs.

Discussion• Some authors consider that the idea of needs

are vague and difficult to evaluate.• The notion of need should consider

environmental factors.• Each person has their own individual and

specific needs, and an unique way to satisfy them.

• Abraham Maslow one of the most influential psychologists in our time.

References• Boeree , G. (2006). Abraham Maslow. Personality Theories. Retrieved

September 27, 2008, from http://webspace.ship.edu/cgboer/maslow.html

• Bolman, L. & Deal, T. ( 2003). People and Organizations. In Bolman, L. & Deal, T., Editors, Reframing Organization: Artistry, choise, and leadership.(pp. 113-118).United States: Jossey-Bass.

• Huitt, W. (2001). Humanism and open education. Educational Psychology Interactive.Valdosta, GA: Valdosta State University. Retrieved [March, 8th 2008], from http://chiron.valdosta.edu/whuitt/col/affsys/humed.html

• Soren, V. Joav, M. & Niels, J. (2003). Quality of life Theory III: Maslow revisited. [Electronic version].The Scientific World Journal, 3 , (1050-1057). Retrieved March 5, 2007, from http://www.livskvalitet.org/cms.ashx/Videnskabelige%20Artikler/~QOL%20theory%20(I-III)%20(3)/QOL%20-%20theory%20II.pdf

References• Wang, S. (2001). Motivation: General overview of theories. In M.

Orey (Ed.), Emerging perspectives on learning, teaching, and technology. Retrieved September 20, 2008, from http://projects.coe.uga.edu/epltt/

• Wikipedia ( 2008). Manfred Max-Neef. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manfred_Max-Neef

My daughters’ kitty

Case study elementsMacondo is a fictional town described in Gabriel García

Márquez's novel One Hundred Years of Solitude. He is a Colombian novelist who was awarded the Nobel prize in literature in 1982. García Marquez is the father of realism magic, which is a novel style.

Pedro Gonzalez’s views as a principal and community leader need to be considered.

Macondo’s students needs a safe place to study, an also need to have access to new technology.....

A national computer education policy is being implemented.