hev ev architecture
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Hybrid & ElectricVehicles
Architecture, Design, Modeling and Testing
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Avantajele AutoturismelorElectrice & Hibride
• Nu poluează• Consumă puțin carburant (3- !oni"#$$ %m
&M' i )*• +iabilitate crescută (arhitectura mai simplă)• Demara i depă iri ./ rapide datorită cuplului
disponibil integral instantaneu 0n modul electric*•
1istemul de 0ncălzire mai rapid (nu depinde de 0ncălzirea motorului)• 2gomot ./ redus
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Dezavantajele autoturismelorelectrice si hibride
• Destul de scumpe (.ără sub enții)*• 4ierd rapid din aloare (autonomia
bateriei scade ./ rapid 0ntr-un an)*• 1unt destul de grele (e5cept6nd &M'
i3, i )•
1unt destul de rigide (con.ort redus)*• 1pațiul interior redus (datorităbateriei i a transmisiei)*
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Full EV and HEV
•
+ull 7lectrical 8ehicles (+78s) and 9:brid7lectrical 8ehicles (978s) are ehicles ;ithman:<
– 7lectric components compared to con entional
ones – The po;er train consists o.< electrical machines ,
power electronics and electric energystorage systems (batter:, super capacitors)
connected to mechanical components(transmissions, gear bo5es and ;heels)• and, .or 978, to an =nternal Combustion
7ngine (=C7)/
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Electric/Hybrid Vehicle omponents
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rc ec ure o ec r cVehicles
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Architecture o! ElectricVehicles
• Contains< – #- electric machines (DC or AC machines<
=M, 4M1M, 1!M) – 'ith";ithout gearbo5 (transmission
s:stem) – 9igh"lo; batter: oltage –
>ne"three phase batter: charging – Au"iliary loads < lighting s:stem, sa.et:
s:stem, con.ort s:stem, bra?ing resistor
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#ower onverterArchitecture
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Architecture o! HEV
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V$% Framewor '(ntegration o! theaggregators into V$% concept)
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omputer/ ommunication/ ontrol *etwor!or V$% Framewor
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+,-.i @ 0esla.1 (Top ten 78 cars in $#B)
B ?'-3 B?'(B$$ %m)*# %m"h*
$-#$$ %m"h in ,sec*Earantia bateriei<
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+loc diagram with HEV omponents
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1eries and #arallel Hybrid Vehicles• 0he 1eries Hybrid Vehicle connects the gas-
.ueled engine to the batter: b: means o. agenerator, ;hich con erts the mechanical energ:produced b: the engine into electrical energ:that is stored in the batter:* The batter:, in turn,
po;ers the electric motor that mo es theehicles/ Thus, the engine itsel. has no directconnection to the transmission and does notcontribute directl: to turning the ;heel a5el/
• 0he #arallel Hybrid Vehicle allo;s .or both theengine and the electric motor to beindependentl: connected to the transmission/
This s:stem has the ad antage to pro ide morepo;er or acceleration/
h b d
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0he series HybridVehicles
! HEV
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omponents !or HEVseries
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HEV parallel connected components
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,odeling and 0esting o! HEVs and EVs
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,odeling HEVs using 1imscape/1#1 0ools
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d l
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HEV ,odel omponents
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HEV ontrolsystem
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2esearch3 Development and
0esting• De eloping advanced anode and cathode
materials , higher energ: densit: materials*• =mpro ing Fi-=on batter: technolog:< t:pes o.
rechargeable, lighter ;eight, higher po;er @ energ:*• De eloping higher capacit: electrode materials and
electrol:te s:stems to increase the energydensity .or e5tending electric range*
• &atter: sa.et: issues< thermal properties*• 9igher eGcienc: during regenerative bra ing *• (ncreasing li!e and per.ormance< cell aging,
reducing losses*• Fast charging ersus smart charging solutions*•
Ne; wireless charging technology
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EVs integration plat!orm into a 1mart %rid
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Electric Vehicle +atteries 0estingin a 1mart %rid using 2enewable Energy
Hybrid and Electric Vehicle
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Hybrid and Electric Vehicle+atteries 0esting
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E"perimental #er!ormance 0ests and 2esults
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Fast harging 0ests
-B $ B #$ #B $$H
3$H
$H
B$H
$H
$H
$H
I$H
+4
C4
0ime 'min)
Ebatt'4)
1mart harging 0ests
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1mart harging 0ests
• The tests ha e been per.ormed ;ith a serieso. hours dri ing-charging tests c:cles ;iththe dri ing loads emulating real dri ingpatterns (based on ehicle dri ing datarecorded in the Copenhagen area b: E41loggers
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0he in5uence o! the charging power o! the EV on the totalpower o! DE2 components3 in order to balance the gridpower3 -hen the battery was connected to the grid thepower 5uctuations have been reduced !rom 6789 - to97: $ -3 which means $; 4 7
EV + tt 'V$%) d li b d
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EV +attery 'V$%) modeling based one
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(mplementation o! the EV battery model
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1imulation results
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B
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0ools !or 1uccess in a1mart Distribution 1ystem
h d l d h i l i
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,ethodology to study the impact analysis
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