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CAE]NOEZ\N

Ea cae}ðoez|n ep ubgbpz|uoebzn je oejg`gðbxue ep `nbpz|ugjn jejgse|pnp ohze|ghaepcae}glaep! `non h`e|nzeo{ahjn w cgl|h jesgj|gn" Epzhp `gbzhp epzèbjgsgjgjhp eb ubgjhjep jeoejg`gðb wh peh eb

ogaïoez|np! `ebzïoez|npn {uafhjhp w pe eb|naahbjebz|n je ubh `h|`hphoezèag`h n je {aèpzg̀ n"

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[h|zep je ub Cae}noez|n

7/23/2019 Herramientas[2] - Erik Carabali

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Zg{np je @gbzhp Oez|g`hp

Oezhag`h9

Je h`e|n zeo{ahjn! `nb|epgpzeb`gh h ah `n||npgnbw h ah hl|hpgnb" Ahp `gbzhpoezèag̀ hp pe h`nbpeihb{h|h ah oejg`gðb{|ncepgnbha w ouw e}h`zh

je jgpzhb`ghp"

Cgl|h je Sgj|gn9

\e`noebjhlaep {h|h ahoejg`gðb je ah|fhp jgpzhb`ghp{n| pu oebn| {epn!cae}glgagjhj w ju|h`gðb4 {n|pe| ahshlaep! bn `nbju`zn|hpje ah eae`z|g`gjhj w

|epgpzebzep h ah hl|hpgðb wzebpgðb

7/23/2019 Herramientas[2] - Erik Carabali

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Anbfgzuj je ah `gbzh

Oh|`h `noe|`gha 

@ahpe je {|e`gpgðb

Gjebzgcg`h`gnb je ubh @gbzh

Oez|g`h

Zeo{e|hzu|h w zebpgðb je ah `gbzh {h|h ea `hagl|hjn

7/23/2019 Herramientas[2] - Erik Carabali

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¾Xuç ep ubh @ahpe>

Ah `ahpe je {|e`gpgnb je ubh `gbzh! gbjg`h ea oh|feb je e||n|n znae|hb`gh {e|ogzgjh eb jgce|ebzep anbfgzujep jeoejg`gnb"

@AHPE JE[\E@GPGÐB

ANBFGZUJ o.ZNAE\HB@GH -$' oo

8 o < o 0 o 5 o = o 8; o <; o 0; o 5; o 8;; o

G ;!< ;!0 ;!: ;!3 ;!7 8!8 <!8 0!8 5!8 8;!8

GG ;!5 ;!6 ;!7 8!0 8!7 <!0 :!0 3!0 8;!0 <;!0

GGG 8!; 8!: 8!= <!3 0!= :!3 =!3 8<!3 <;!3 :;!3

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[|gb`g{gnp je Oejg`gnb

Ha eb`nbz|h| jgse|pnp zg{np je`gbzhp oez|g`hp! zholgebeb`nbz|honp jgce|ebzep{|gb`g{gnp je ulg`h| ea `e|n9[" @ee9 Ea {ubzn ; peeb`uebz|h eb ah uøh"[" Ep{høna9 Ea {ubzn ; peeb`uebz|h eb ah {ubzh je ah

`gbzh"[" Gzhaghbn9 Ea {ubzn ; peeb`uebz|h h ubnp `ebzgoez|npjea ln|je je ah `gbzh"

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@ugjhjnp

Pgeo{|e ohbzebfh pup `gbzhp oez|g̀ hp ago{ghp w pe`hp"

Haoh`ebe ahp `gbzhp eb pup |ep{e`zgshp `h|`hphp w esgzejeih|ahp eb aufh|ep jnbje {uejhb pe| jhøhjhp"

Pgeo{|e xue znoe ubh oejgjh! `e|`gð|epe je xue ea fhb`mnje ah {ubzh jea cae}noez|n! pe eb`uebz|e lgeb hpefu|hjn! jean `nbz|h|gn {ueje febe|h| ubh oejgjh gb`n||e`zh"

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@hagl|hjn|ep

Anp `hagl|hjn|ep pnbgbpz|uoebznp je oejg`gnbje hazh {|e`gpgnb! uzgagyhjnp

{h|h oejg| jgpzhb`ghp wjghoez|np e}ze|bnp egbze|bnp" Hafubnp {npeebep`hahp je oejg`gnb w nz|np

be`epgzhb je ubh |efahh{h|ze {h|h znoh| ah ae`zu|h"

7/23/2019 Herramientas[2] - Erik Carabali

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[h|zep je ub @hagl|hjn|[ubzhOnsga {h|h Gbze|gn|ep

[ubzh Cgih {h|h Gbze|gn|ep

Pefu|n

@u|pn| Ep`hah eb [uafhjhp

Ep`hah eb oo\efah Cgih

Go{uapn|

On|jhyhOnsga {h|h E}ze|gn|ep

On|jhyh Cgih {h|h Gbze|gn|ep

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\efah cgih9 pnl|e ah `uha pe eb`uebz|hb f|hlhjhp ahp ep`hahp eb oo

w jge`gpegphsnp je {uafhjh

[ubzhp {h|h gbze|gn|ep w e}ze|gn|ep9 ah cgih h pnagjh|gh h ah |efah

cgih" Ah oðsga pnagjh|gh ha `u|pn|

On|jhyhp {h|h e}ze|gn|ep e gbze|gn|ep9 ubh cgih pnagjh|gh h ah |efahw nz|h oðsga pnagjh|gh ha `u|pn|"

Pefu|n je cgih`gðb9 hpefu|h ea `u|pn| h ah |efah cgih"

@u|pn|9 eaeoebzn jepagyhbze pnl|e ah |efah cgih

Go{uapn|9 h{nwn {h|h jepagyh| ea `u|pn|

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@ahpgcg`h`gnb

Pefùb pu @nbpz|u``gnb9 Pefùb pu [|e`gpgnb9

[ge je \ew je Zn|be|n"

[ge je \ew Ubgse|pha"

@hagl|hjn| je Epce|h n `nb@h|hzuah"

[ge je \ew Jgfgzha"

EbOgagoez|np

Eb [uafhjhp"

7/23/2019 Herramientas[2] - Erik Carabali

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[ge je |ewubgse|pha9 ea oèp`noùb w uzgagyhjneb ea zhaae|" @nb çape {uejeb znoh|

ae`zu|hp ebogaïoez|np w ebc|h``gnbep je{uafhjh" Anp mhwzholgçb `nb ep`haheb ogaçpgohp je{uafhjhp"

7/23/2019 Herramientas[2] - Erik Carabali

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[ge je |ew jezn|be|n9 ahpjgce|eb`ghp{|gb`g{haep `nb|ep{e`zn jea

hbze|gn|! pnb xue epje ohwn| {|e`gpgðb-;";< oo' w ep ohpf|hbje -0;; oo"'"zholgçb zgebeoe`hbgpon jehiupze cgbn -{n| pu{|e`gpgðb'"

7/23/2019 Herramientas[2] - Erik Carabali

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@hagl|hjn| je epce|hn `nb `h|èzuah9 ep

ouw {|è`zg`n w jecè`ga {|n`ejgogebzn{h|h znoh| ae`zu|hp"

Anp mhw zhbzn ebogaïoez|np -mhpzh;";8 oo' `non eb{uafhjhp -;";;8ogaçpgoh je{uafhjh'" Z|he ubpnan zg{n je ubgjhjje oejgjh"

7/23/2019 Herramientas[2] - Erik Carabali

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[ge je \ew jgfgzha9`non pe se eb ahcnznf|hcïh! zgebe ubsgpuhagyhjn| xueebz|efh ah ae`zu|h

jg|e`zhoebze" [n| pu`nbpz|u``gðb `nbpgpzeohp je n|gfebeae`z|ðbg`n! {e|ogze eaohbein cè`ga jesh|ghlaep" [n| eieo{an`nbsge|ze ubgjhjepoçz|g`hp h {uafhjhp!haoh`ebh ae`zu|hp"

7/23/2019 Herramientas[2] - Erik Carabali

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@hagl|hjn|ep Pgo{aep

Epznp zg{np je `hagl|hjn|ep! zholgeb pnb uzggyhjnp{h|h oejg| jghoez|np w jgpzhb`ghp gbze|bhp w

e}ze|bhp" [njeonp eb`nbz|h| je sh|ghp cn|ohp w`nb jgce|ebzep oe`hbgponp je pefu|n xue{e|ogzeb ohbzebe| ah jgpzhb`gh je anp l|hynp eb pu{npg`gnb" Epznp zg{np je `hagl|hjn|ep be`epgzhb je

ubh |efah h{h|ze {h|h {nje| |ehagyh| ah ae`zu|h je ahjgpzhb`gh oejgjh"

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@ugjhjnp w \e`noebjh`gnbep

Se|gcgxue xue pu gbpz|uoebzn pe eb`uebz|e `hagl|hjn"

Bn nasgje xue ah zeo{e|hzu|h je |ece|eb`gh ep je <;»"

Pg ah {geyh epzh `hagebze pe jele je jeih| ebc|gh| {h|hznoh| ah ae`zu|h je an `nbz|h|gn pe|h e||nbeh"

Ah {|epgnb eie|`gjh eb ahp on|jhyhp mh`gh ah {geyhjele je pe| cg|oe w pucg`gebze! bn e}`epgsh! {uep {ueje

febe|h| jecn|oh`gnb {ahpzg`h eb ah {geyh w eagbpz|uoebzn pe {ueje epz|n{eh|"

7/23/2019 Herramientas[2] - Erik Carabali

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Bub`h pe jeleb oejg| {geyhp eb onsgogebzn9 ep

{eagf|npn w jhøh ah {geyh w ea gbpz|uoebzn" Esgze ea {h|hahie! pgeo{|e xue znoe ubh oejgjh |ehag`e

ah ae`zu|h je c|ebze ha gbpz|uoebzn esgze mh`e|ah jeahjn"

Pgeo{|e ago{ge ouw lgeb ahp {geyhp h oejg|" Ubh{exueøh {h|zg`uah {ueje febe|h| e||n|ep eb ah ae`zu|h"

Fuh|je pgeo{|e w `nb `ugjhjn ea gbpz|uoebzn eb pu

epzu`me" Ep ub gbpz|uoebzn je oejg`gnb bn an uzgag`e `non

oh|zgaan! `gb`ea n {hahb`h"

7/23/2019 Herramientas[2] - Erik Carabali

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Og`|noez|np

Ea og`|ðoez|n ep ubgbpz|uoebzn je oejgjh jehazh {|e`gpgnb" Eb ubn jepup e}z|eonp mhw ub`nbzh`zn cgin w eb ea nz|n peeb`uebz|h ubh |efah`gaïbj|g`h cgih w ub zholn|oðsga f|hjuhjnp" Anp mhweb ubgjhjep je ogaïoez|npw eb {uafhjhp w {h|h

jgce|ebzep {|n{npgznp"

7/23/2019 Herramientas[2] - Erik Carabali

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[h|zep je ub Og`|noez|n

Zn{e Cgin Mupgaan Pefu|nZholn|

F|hjuhjn

\efah@gagbj|g`h

Cgih

Zholn| jeOhbjn

@ue|{n ebU

OG@\NOEZ\N

7/23/2019 Herramientas[2] - Erik Carabali

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Pefu|n9 hbgaan xue lanxueh ea onsgogebzn jea mupgaan"

Zn{e cgin9 je ohze|gha ju|n |epgpzebze ha jepfhpze"

\efah `gaïbj|g`h f|hjuhjh9 `nbzgebe ah ep`hah cgih"

Zholn| f|hjuhjn9 `nbzgebe ah ep`hah oðsga"

Mupgaan9 `nbzgebe ea zn{e oðsga"

Zholn| je ohbjn9 `nb oe`hbgpon agogzhjn| je {|epgðb" @nb eape jele |ehagyh| ea hiupze h ah {geyh"

@ue|{n9 `nb cn|oh je U n me||hju|h w pnl|e ea `uha pe f|hlhbn|ohaoebze ea |hbfn"

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Exug{n Ze||epz|e je H{nwn

He|nbhuzg`n EZHH[h|h |ehagyh| ub `n||e`zn ohbzebgogebzn h anphsgnbep bn pnan pe |exuge|e ub upn je me||hogebzhp

eae`z|g`hp! ohbuhaep n mgj|huag`hp pgbn zholgeb jeexug{np ep{e`ghaep -EZHH'"

@non oe`hbg`n je hsgnbep! UPZEJ epzh eb ahnlagfh`gnb je phle| n{e|h| h{|n{ghjhoebze eaexug{n ze||epz|e je h{nwn he|nbhuzg`n"

7/23/2019 Herramientas[2] - Erik Carabali

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BNZH

Bn nasgje xue hbzep jeuph| ub exug{n EZHH!upzej jele je epzh|{|esghoebzehuzn|gyhjn! {h|h an `uhaep be`eph|gn xue |e`glhubh jelgjh gbpz|u``gðbpnl|e n{e|h`gðb!`ugjhjnp w pefu|gjhjeb zge||h"

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Gbp{e``gnb [|en{e|h`gnbha

@hjh sey xue upzej n{e|e ub exug{n je h{nwnze||epz|e! se|gcgxue xue peh ea `no{ezebze {h|h ea

z|hlhin h |ehagyh| w hpefu|epe je xue ah `hbzgjhj je`nolupzglae! h`egze! caugjn mgj|huag`n w hfuh eb ea|hjghjn| peh ah `n||e`zh"

Hjeohp je epzn `e|`gð|epe je xue pup

`no{nbebzep pe eb`uebz|eb eb luebhp `nbjg`gnbep

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[ahbzhp Eae`z|g`hp

Ahp [ahbzhp Eae`z|g`hp!pnb uphjhp {h|h{|nsee| ebe|fgheae`z|g`h ha hsgnb nmeag`n{ze|np ju|hbze eah||hbxue jea onzn| w`no{|nlh`gnbep ebzge||h je anp pgpzeohpeae`z|g`np"

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Upzej jele je zebe|{|e`hu`gnb ha onoebznje uzgagyh|ahp! {uep{uejeb pe| {h|e`gjnp!

{e|n eb pu `h{h`gjhj wzg{n je ebe|fgh xue{|nseeb pnb jgce|ebzep"Pgb eolh|fn! ea

{|n`ejgogebzn jeh||hbxue w puogbpgz|nje ebe|fgh ep ea ogpon"

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[h|zep je ubh [ahbzh

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Gbp{e``gnb [|en{e|h`gnbha

Se|gcgxue xue ah zh{h je`nolupzglae epze lgebhpefu|hjh"

Se|gcgxue ea epzhjn je ahlhze|gh! xue anp ln|bep bnpe eb`uebz|eb puachzhjnp"

\esgpe anp `no{h|zgogebznpjea onzn| w febe|hjn|"

Hpefu|epe je xue ea onzn|zebfh h`egze w `nolupzglae"

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[hbea je @nbz|na

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Febe|hjn| [n|zhzga @/<3

Ep uphjn `uhbjn pe|exuge|e <= snazgnp jeJ@ w 885 snazgnp je H@!ubh pnah chpe je`n||gebze haze|bh" Zgebe0 febe|hjn|ep je J@ w8 haze|bhjn| je H@!go{uaphjnp {n| ubonzn| je 8=; h <;; M["

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Febe|hjn| [n|zhzga OJ/0

Ep uphjn `uhbjn pe|exuge|e <= snazgnp jeJ@ w 885 snazgnp je H@!z|ep chpep je `n||gebzehaze|bh" Zgebe 0febe|hjn|ep je J@ w 8haze|bhjn| je H@!go{uaphjnp {n| ubonzn| je 8=; h <;; M["

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[ahzhcn|ohp je Ohbzebgogebzn

Epzhp {ahzhcn|ohp! pnbme||hogebzhp je h{nwnxue bnp {e|ogzeb!|ehagyh| ohbzebgogebzneb aufh|ep je ahhe|nbhse `non9Epzhlgagyhjn|ep! {h|zepu{e|gn| je ah `hlgbh!cupeahfe w onzn|ep"

7/23/2019 Herramientas[2] - Erik Carabali

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Ahp ep`hae|hp w {ahzhcn|ohp je

ohbzebgogebzn ahp {njeonp eb`nbz|h| jejgce|ebzep hazu|hp w je jgce|ebzepoe`hbgponp je n{e|h`gðb" Je h`ue|jn ha zg{nw ah ynbh jnbje pe sh h |ehagyh| ea z|hlhin!{njeonp ep`nfe| ah ep`hae|h xue bnp ch`gagzeoein| ah |ehagyh`gnb je jg`mn z|hlhin"Ebz|e anp zg{np je ep`hae|hp hafubhp pnb cgihp!nz|hp pnb hiupzhlaep ohbuhaoebze! nz|hp

mgj|huag`hp"

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Cgihp

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Ohbuhaep

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Mgj|huag`h

Ea pgpzeoh mgj|huag`n je epzhp {ahzhcn|ohp eppeb`gaan `no{uepzn {n| ub je{npgzn! ubh lnolhohbuha! ub `gagbj|n h`zuhjn| w ubh shasuah je hagsgn

je {|epgnb"

7/23/2019 Herramientas[2] - Erik Carabali

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[|e`hu`gnbep

Se|gcgxue xue ahp lh|hbjhp pe eb`uebz|e gbpzhahjhp!hpefu|hjhp w xue {npehb {|nze``gnb je fnoh {h|hesgzh| jhønp h ah epz|u`zu|h jea hsgnb"

@uhbjn ze|ogbe je pulg| n lhih| ah {ahzhcn|ohhpefu|epe je `nan`h| n xugzh| anp pefu|np" Bub`h eaese ubh {ahzhcn|oh `nb hafugeb pulgebjn

{n| ahp ep`hae|hp" Ohbzebfh ubh jgpzhb`gh h{|n{ghjh ebz|e ah

{ahzhcn|oh w ea hsgnb" Pgeo{|e gbp{e``gnbe znjnp anp `no{nbebzep je pu

{ahzhcn|oh hbzep je uph|anp"

7/23/2019 Herramientas[2] - Erik Carabali

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Nz|np zg{np je Ep`hae|hp

7/23/2019 Herramientas[2] - Erik Carabali

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Jgce|eb`ghaep

Ahp jgce|eb`ghaep! pnb me||hogebzhp je z|hlhin jehazu|h cgih! `nbpz|ugjhp je zulnp je h`e|n pnajhjnp

cn|ohbjn ubh epz|u`zu|h z|ghbfuah|" Eb pu {h|zegbce|gn| {npee jnp {ge|bhp ahp `uhaep ae {|nseebepzhlgagjhj ha onoebzn je gyh| anp `no{nbebzep"

7/23/2019 Herramientas[2] - Erik Carabali

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Epzhb jgpeøhjhp {h|h |eonse| e gbpzhah|

`no{nbebzep je anp hsgnbep `non onzn|ep!z|hbpogpgnbep! meag`ep! ebz|e nz|np" Ah `hbzgjhj je{epn h gyh|! epzh jeze|ogbhjn {n| ea zg{n! zhohønje ah `nbpz|u``gnb w zhohøn jea `hlae"

E}gpzeb jnp zg{np je jgce|eb`ghaep9 N{e|hjhp ohbuhaoebze" N{e|hjhp eae`z|g`hoebze"

7/23/2019 Herramientas[2] - Erik Carabali

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Jgce|eb`gha N{e|hjh

Ohbuhaoebze

Pu {|gb`g{ha mhlgagjhjep xue {ueje pe|

uzgagyhjh eb aufh|epjnbje bn pe zgebejgp{nbglgagjhj je`n||gebze eae`z|g`h"

[ueje aeshbzhp 5;;;agl|hp {n| eb`goh je <;{gep je hazu|h"

7/23/2019 Herramientas[2] - Erik Carabali

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Jgce|eb`gha N{e|hjh

Eae`z|g`hoebze

Epze zg{n je jgce|eb`ghaep pgogah| h ah ohbuha!

{e|n epzh {uejeaeshbzh| ohp {epn wohp hazn" Pgb eolhfn!|exuge|e je ubh cuebze

je {nje| eae`z|g`h! ah`uha zg{g`hoebze ep je<= sj`"

7/23/2019 Herramientas[2] - Erik Carabali

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/herramientas2-erik-carabali 46/80

Cauinoez|n n @hujhagoez|n

Anp oejgjn|ep je `hujhamhb pgjn jgpeøhjnp {h|h|ehagyh| `no{|nlh`gnbep

jea `hujha `g|`uahbze ebanp `g|`ugznp agxugjnp nfhpenpnp" Agxugjnp `non`g|`ugznp mgj|huag`np n

fhpenpnp `non eb znohpje n}gfebn eb anpmnp{gzhaep"

7/23/2019 Herramientas[2] - Erik Carabali

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/herramientas2-erik-carabali 47/80

[uejeb pe| gbpzhahjnp eb cn|oh cgih n pe|

uzgagyhjnp `non h{h|hzn je `nbz|na {n|zèzga!jebz|n jea pe|sg`gn je ohbzebgogebzn! {h|h|ehagyh| `no{|nlh`gnbep w jeze`zh| ahp{npglaep chaahp e}gpzebzep eb ea `g|`ugzn"

7/23/2019 Herramientas[2] - Erik Carabali

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/herramientas2-erik-carabali 48/80

BNZH

Anp `hujhagoez|np! Bnjeleb gbpzhah|pe eb

aïbehp jnbje ea `hujhaje h`egze mgj|huag`n{ueje pe| |ese|pglae"

Eaanp z|heb ah gbjg`h`gnbjea cauin"

7/23/2019 Herramientas[2] - Erik Carabali

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/herramientas2-erik-carabali 49/80

@hujhagoez|n zg{n \nzhoez|n

Ea \nzèoez|n `nbpgpze je ub canzhjn| -gbjg`hjn|' xuepe ouese agl|eoebze jebz|n je ub zuln se|zg`haagfe|hoebze `ðbg`n! `nb ea e}z|eon hbfnpzn mh`ghhlhin" Ea caugjn ebz|h {n| ah {h|ze gbce|gn| jea zuln wmh`e xue ea canzhjn| pulh" @non ea canzhjn| peeb`uebz|h jebz|n je ub zuln {ueje pe| je sgj|gn `nbep`hah f|hlhjh n oezhag`n `nb gbpz|uoebzn jegbjg`h`gnb! epze {e|ogze se| ah `hbzgjhj je `hujha`g|`uahbze"

7/23/2019 Herramientas[2] - Erik Carabali

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/herramientas2-erik-carabali 50/80

Zg{n \nzhoez|n

7/23/2019 Herramientas[2] - Erik Carabali

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/herramientas2-erik-carabali 51/80

@hujhagoez|n zg{n Zu|lgbh

Ea `hujhagoez|n zg{n zu|lgbh! ep jgpeøhjn `nbubh zu|lgbh gbze|bh jebz|n jea zuln! ah `uha ha{hpn jea agxugjn fg|h w h z|hsey je ub `hlae ebsghubh peøha eae`z|g`h h ub pebpn|! ea `uha `nb ub`nbse|zgjnp z|hbpcn|oh ah peøha eb az.ogb nfha.ogb"

Eieo{an je epze zg{n je oejgjn| ep ea je ah |ej{ùlag`h je hfuh {nzhlae"

7/23/2019 Herramientas[2] - Erik Carabali

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/herramientas2-erik-carabali 52/80

Zg{n Zu|lgbh

7/23/2019 Herramientas[2] - Erik Carabali

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/herramientas2-erik-carabali 53/80

@hujhagoez|n Uaz|hpnbg`n

[n|zhzgaEpze zg{n je `hujhagoez|n! ogje anp `hujhaepje aïxugjnp eb zule|ïhp oezèag`hp! {aèpzg`hp w

hùb eb hxueaahp `nb |esepzgogebzn je`nb`|ezn pgb {e|cn|h| ahp {h|ejep bg {e|zu|lh|ea cauin! an xue ae {e|ogze jh| ubh oejgjhe}ebzh je jepfhpze w je {|epgnb" Gbpz|uoebzn

je ch`ga ohbg{uah`gnb xue pnan be`epgzhonbzh| anp jnp pebpn|ep je `hujha ha|ejejn|je ah zule|gh"

7/23/2019 Herramientas[2] - Erik Carabali

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/herramientas2-erik-carabali 54/80

@hujhagoez|n Uaz|hpnbg`n

7/23/2019 Herramientas[2] - Erik Carabali

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Ohbnoez|n

Ea ohbðoez|n ep ubgbpz|uoebzn uzgagyhjn{h|h ah oejg`gðb je ah

{|epgðb eb anp caugjnp-agxugjnp w fhpep'!febe|haoebzejeze|ogbhbjn ahjgce|eb`gh je ah {|epgðbebz|e ea caugjn w ah{|epgðb an`ha"

7/23/2019 Herramientas[2] - Erik Carabali

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/herramientas2-erik-carabali 56/80

Znjnp anp ohbðoez|npzgebeb ub eaeoebzn xue

`holgh hafubh{|n{gejhj `uhbjn pnbpnoezgjnp h ah {|epgðb!epze `holgn pe

ohbgcgepzh eb ubh ep`hahn {hbzhaah `hagl|hjhjg|e`zhoebze eb ahpubgjhjep je {|epgðb`n||ep{nbjgebzep"

7/23/2019 Herramientas[2] - Erik Carabali

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/herramientas2-erik-carabali 57/80

Ohbnoez|n eb U

Epzè cn|ohjn {n| ubzuln je sgj|gn jnlahjneb cn|oh je U aaebn

{h|`ghaoebze `nb ubaïxugjn je jebpgjhj`nbn`gjh! ubn je pupe}z|eonp pe `nbe`zh hah ynbh jnbje xuge|eoejg|pe ah {|epgðb! w eanz|n pe jeih agl|e h ahhzoðpce|h"

7/23/2019 Herramientas[2] - Erik Carabali

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/herramientas2-erik-carabali 58/80

Ah {|epgðb eie|`gjh eb ea ahjn

je hazh {|epgðb! {|nju`e eaonsgogebzn jea aïxugjnjebz|n jea zuln! an xue pez|hju`e eb ubh jgce|eb`gh jebgsea oh|`hjn `non m" Epzhhazu|h m je{ebje|è je ah{|epgðb w je ah jebpgjhj jeaaïxugjn eb ea zuln! `non ahjebpgjhj pe `nbn`e! {ueje

eahln|h|pe ubh ep`hahf|hjuhjh eb ea cnbjn jeazuln U `hagl|hjh wh ebubgjhjep je {|epgðb"

7/23/2019 Herramientas[2] - Erik Carabali

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/herramientas2-erik-carabali 59/80

Ohbnoez|n je Zuln je Lnu|jnb

Ea zuln Lnu|jðb ep ubzuln je pe``gðb eaï{zg`hxue cn|oh ub hbgaan `hpg

`no{aezn! `e||hjn {n| ube}z|eon" Ea ohze|ghaeo{aehjn bn|ohaoebzeeb ea zuln Lnu|jðb ep je

h`e|n gbn}gjhlae! haeh`gðbje `nl|e n haeh`gnbepep{e`ghaep `non onbea-haeh`gnbep bïxuea/`nl|e'"

7/23/2019 Herramientas[2] - Erik Carabali

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/herramientas2-erik-carabali 60/80

Ha huoebzh| ah {|epgðbeb ea gbze|gn| jea zuln!epze zgebje hebje|eyh|pe w eaonsgogebzn epz|hbpogzgjn h ah hfuihgbjg`hjn|h! {n| ubpe`zn| jebzhjn w ub{gøðb"

7/23/2019 Herramientas[2] - Erik Carabali

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/herramientas2-erik-carabali 61/80

Ohbnoez|n je Cueaae

Anp ohbðoez|np je cueaaezgebeb ub eaeoebzneaèpzg`n eb cn|oh je cueaae

-`non ea h`n|jeðb' ha xuepe ae h{ag`h ah {|epgðb hoejg|! epzh {|epgðb epzg|h eacueaae w ea onsgogebzn je

pu e}z|eon agl|e pez|hbpcn|oh eb eaonsgogebzn je ah hfuihgbjg`hjn|h"

7/23/2019 Herramientas[2] - Erik Carabali

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/herramientas2-erik-carabali 62/80

Ohbnoez|n je Jghc|hfoh

Epze ohbnoez|n epubh sh|ghbze jeaohbðoez|n je cueaae!

eb epze `hpn ah {|epgðbh`zùh pnl|e ubjghc|hfoh eaèpzg`n eaxue pe jecn|oh w ahjecn|oh`gðb pe`nbsge|ze eb eaonsgogebzn jea{ubze|n gbjg`hjn|"

7/23/2019 Herramientas[2] - Erik Carabali

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/herramientas2-erik-carabali 63/80

Zh`noez|n

Gbpz|uoebzn jeoejg`gnb! jgpeøhjn{h|h oejg| ahp

|esnau`gnbep je ub eiew bn|ohaoebze ahsean`gjhj je fg|n jeaonzn|"

[h|h ah gbjupz|gh mnw ebjgh pe {ueje `nbzh|`nb ea zh`noez|njgfgzha"

7/23/2019 Herramientas[2] - Erik Carabali

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/herramientas2-erik-carabali 64/80

Zh`noez|n Jgfgzha

Epze zg{n je zh`noez|n ep{n|zhzga! an xue ae jh ubhf|hb h{ag`h`gðb ebgbp{e``gnbep je

ohbzebgogebzn! jeexug{np onzn|gyhjnp w`ebz|gcufnp"[h|h uzgagyh|an pnahoebezeh{ubze ea ah fugh ahpe|

pnl|e ea eie h oejg| whuznohzg`hoebze eazh`noez|n jh|h ah oejgjhe}h`zh"

7/23/2019 Herramientas[2] - Erik Carabali

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/herramientas2-erik-carabali 65/80

Fhashbðoez|n

Anp fhashbðoez|np pnbh{h|hznp xue pe eo{aehb{h|h gbjg`h| ea {hpn je`n||gebze eae`z|g`h {n| ub`g|`ugzn w {h|h ah oejgjh{|e`gph je pu gbzebpgjhj"

Pueaeb epzh| lhphjnp eb anpece`znp ohfbçzg`np`huphjnp {n| ea {hpn je ah`n||gebze"

7/23/2019 Herramientas[2] - Erik Carabali

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/herramientas2-erik-carabali 66/80

Ah hfuih gbjg`hjn|h je anpfhashbnoez|np! epzhhpn`ghjh h ub goèb xue peeb`uebz|h pgzuhjn eb eagbze|gn| je ubh lnlgbh {n|ah xue `g|`uah ah `n||gebze

xue z|hzhonp je oejg| wxue `|eh ub `ho{nohfbezg`n xue!je{ebjgebjn jea pebzgjnje ah ogpoh! {|nju`e ubh

hz|h``gðb n |e{uapgðb jeagoèb {|n{n|`gnbha h ahgbzebpgjhj je jg`mh`n||gebze"

7/23/2019 Herramientas[2] - Erik Carabali

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/herramientas2-erik-carabali 67/80

Ho{e|ïoez|n

Ub ho{e|ïoez|n ep ubgbpz|uoebzn xue pg|se{h|h oejg| ahgbzebpgjhj je `n||gebzexue epzè `g|`uahbjn {n|ub `g|`ugzn eaç`z|g`n"

7/23/2019 Herramientas[2] - Erik Carabali

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/herramientas2-erik-carabali 68/80

Ho{e|ïoez|n Hbhaðfg`n

Eb pu jgpeøn n|gfgbhaanp ho{e|ïoez|np

epzèb `nbpzgzugjnp! ebepeb`gh! {n| ubfhashbðoez|n `uwhep`hah mh pgjn

f|hjuhjh eb ho{e|gnp"

7/23/2019 Herramientas[2] - Erik Carabali

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/herramientas2-erik-carabali 69/80

Ho{e|ïoez|n Jgfgzha

Epznp ho{e|goez|np! {npeeb ub `nbse|pn| {h|h ahoejgjh je ah `hïjh je zebpgðb pnl|e ub |epgpzn| {n| eaxue xue `g|`uah ah `n||gebze h oejg|" Ah ae`zu|h jea

`nbse|pn| ep aeïjh {n| ub og`|n{|n`ephjn| xue|ehagyh anp `èa`uanp {h|h {|epebzh| eb ub jgp{ahwbuoç|g`n ea shan| je ah `n||gebze `g|`uahbze"

7/23/2019 Herramientas[2] - Erik Carabali

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/herramientas2-erik-carabali 70/80

Snazïoez|n

Ub snazïoez|n ep ubgbpz|uoebzn xue pg|se {h|hoejg| ah jgce|eb`gh je{nzeb`gha n snazhie ebz|ejnp {ubznp je ub `g|`ugzneaç`z|g`n `e||hjn whlge|zn"

Anp snazïoez|np pe

`ahpgcg`hb {n| pucub`gnbhogebzn oe`èbg`n!pgebjn eb znjnp anp `hpnpea ogpon gbpz|uoebzn"

7/23/2019 Herramientas[2] - Erik Carabali

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/herramientas2-erik-carabali 71/80

Snazïoez|np eae`z|noe`èbg`np9

Eb epeb`gh! epzèb `nbpzgzugjnp {n| ub fhashbðoez|n`uwh ep`hah mh pgjn f|hjuhjh eb snazgnp"

7/23/2019 Herramientas[2] - Erik Carabali

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/herramientas2-erik-carabali 72/80

Snazgoez|np Jgfgzhaep9

Epznp snazgoez|np! jhbubh gbjg`h g̀ðb buoç|g̀ hje ah zebpgðb!bn|ohaoebze eb ubh{hbzhaah zg{n A@J"

Pueaeb zebe| {|epzh`gnbephjg`gnbhaep `nonoeon|gh! jeze``gðb jeshan| je {g`n! se|jhje|n

shan| ecg`hy -\OP'!huzn||hbfn w nz|hpcub`gnbhagjhjep"

7/23/2019 Herramientas[2] - Erik Carabali

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/herramientas2-erik-carabali 73/80

Shzïoez|n

Ea shzïoez|n ep ubgbpz|uoebzneae`z|njgbhog`n {h|h

oejg| ah {nzeb`gheae`z|g`h n ah zhph jepuogbgpz|n je ebe|fgheae`z|g`h je ub `g|`ugzn

eae`z|g`n jhjn"Ea jgp{npgzgsn `nbpgpze ebub {h| je lnlgbhp cgihp! wubh lnlgbh oðsga"

7/23/2019 Herramientas[2] - Erik Carabali

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/herramientas2-erik-carabali 74/80

Ouazgoez|n

Ub ouazïoez|n! ep ubgbpz|uoebzn je oejgjh xuenc|e`e ah {npglgagjhj jeoejg| jgpzgbzhp ohfbgzujepeb ea ogpon h{h|hzn" Ahpoèp `noubep pnb ahp jesnazïoez|n! ho{e|ïoez|n wnmoez|n"

Ep uzgagyhjn c|e`uebzeoebze{n| ea {e|pnbha zç`bg`n ebznjh ah fhoh je eae`z|ðbg`hw eae`z|g`gjhj"

7/23/2019 Herramientas[2] - Erik Carabali

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/herramientas2-erik-carabali 75/80

E}gpzeb jgpzgbznp onjeanpxue gb`n|{n|hb hjeoèp je

ahp z|ep cub`gnbep lèpg`hphbzep `gzhjhp nz|hpoejg`gnbep! zhaep `nonoejgjh je gbju`zhb`ghp!

`h{h`gzhb`ghp! `no{|nlhjn|je jgnjnp w z|hbpgpzn|ep"

Mhw jnp zg{np jeouazïoez|np9 hbhaðfg`np wjgfgzhaep" Ea hbhanfg`n

cub`gnbh {n| ubhfhashbnoez|n w ea jgfgzhazgebe ub `

7/23/2019 Herramientas[2] - Erik Carabali

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/herramientas2-erik-carabali 76/80

Ouazgoez|n Hbhanfg`n

Pu cub`gnbhogebzn ep{n| oejgn je ubfhashbnoez|n xue

z|hbpogze ah gbjg`h`gnbh ubh `h|hzuahf|hjuhjh"

7/23/2019 Herramientas[2] - Erik Carabali

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/herramientas2-erik-carabali 77/80

Ouazgoez|n Jgfgzha

H jgce|eb`gh jeahbhanfg`n zgebe ub`nbse|pn| w ub

og`|n{|n`ephjn| xue`holghb ah gbjg`h`gnb{h|h onpz|h|ah eb ubh{hbzhaah A@J"

7/23/2019 Herramientas[2] - Erik Carabali

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/herramientas2-erik-carabali 78/80

[h|zep je ub Ouazgoez|n

\e`ue|jh xuefebe|haoebze anpouazïoez|np pnbpeoeihbzep! hubxueje{ebjgebjn jeonjeanp! {uejeb`holgh| ah {npg`gðb jepup {h|zep w ah `hbzgjhj

je cub`gnbep! ep {n| epnxue `hjh {h|ze zgebe ubpïolnan epzèbjh| xuegjebzgcg`h pu cub`gðb"

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5

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7/23/2019 Herramientas[2] - Erik Carabali

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/herramientas2-erik-carabali 79/80

Sh`unoez|n

7/23/2019 Herramientas[2] - Erik Carabali

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/herramientas2-erik-carabali 80/80

@no{|epgoez|n