henry of navarre and the huguenos in france - willert 1893

8/20/2019 Henry of Navarre and the Huguenos in France - Willert 1893
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SONS
NEW
YORK
27
WEST
TWENTV-THIRU
STREET
i,hz
^nickcrbotkr
wgg
LONDON
24
BEDFORD
STREET,
STRAND
1893
Putnam's Sons
378
facing
page
399
428
464
465
INDEX
465
doctrine
were
not
pressed
vigorously
home
against
I
more
than
give
expression
to
the
general
desire
As
if
foreseeing
the
approaching
severities
which
awaited
them.
Lewis
de
Berquin
a
young
man
of
great
promise,
a
scholar
and
a
courtier,
was
thrown
into
prison,
al-
the
numerous
guilds
formed
in
honour
of
Our
Lady
looked
upon
the
outrage
as
a
personal
insult.
The
ignorant
mob
was
infuriated
by
such
sacrilege
to
their
favourite
deity,
the
better
classes
were
alarmed
by
to
Basle,
a
book
called
Reformers,
and
to
point
out
were
no
princes,
the
magistrates
took
upon
themselves
to
legislate
or
the
Church,
which
appeared
to
be
upon
the
point
of
becoming
wholly
merged
in
the
State.
Calvin
endeavoured
to
secure
her
independence
and
spiritualuthority.
He
insists
upon
the
importance
the
reformer
to
enemies
naturally
appealed
to
the
elective
by
French
dissent.
The
majority
of
Englishmen
who
conformed
with
equal
readiness
to
heterodox doctrine.
confounded
their
enemies.
Calvin
new
was
killed
the
female
line.
Duke
spirited
and
despondent
in
adversity
as
he
was
arrogant
and
presumptuous
in
success,
and
the
were
Three
Estates
of
the
Realm.
Eidgenossen,^
confederates.
at
once
thrown
into
an
elec-ive
magistracy
for
one
which,
owing
to
the
sale
of
offices,was
rapidly
becoming
hereditary.
a
marked
change
in
the
Curia
and
the
avarice
of
Italian
churchmen,
might
leave
them
among
the
townspeople
and
smaller
gentry
there
must
have
been
numerous
believers
who
had
no
op-ortunit
of
public
worship,
or
but
seldom
met
to
partake
of
the
rare
ministrations
of
an
itinerant
preacher.
The
most
probable
estimate
is
that
at
the
beginning
of
the
wars
of
religion,
the
Hugue-ots
with
women
and
children
amounted
to
some
own
in
arms
the
Huguenots
were
either
compelled
to
migrate
or
were
butchered
and
extirpated.
gnat
is
for
an
elephant:
the
novices
of
the
convents
and
the
priests'
housekeepers
could
have
driven
them
out
with
their
broomsticks.
Paris
indeed
was
There
were
also
those
who
had
embraced
the
by
religion.
He
dreamt
of
some
to
have
given
the
signal
of
civil
war.
Every-here
the
Huguenots
were
exposed
to
violence
and
government,
and
spoke
of
the
Queen-Mother
in
no
measured
terms.
He
towns-olk
encumbered
by
women
and
children,
the
other
than
to
give
blows,
but
remember,
world
prove
folly
in
God's
sight
ask
yourself
St. Bartholomew.
allies.
No
patient
endurance
on
the
part
of
the
Huguenots
would
have
disarmed
their
persecutors ;
and
the
time
was
past
when
such
patient
endurance
Protestant
churches,
which
strength
of
the
Huguenot
armies
was
indeed
composed
almost
chivalry
were
far
from
compen-
Mont-orency
at
St.
Denis.
In
the
summer
of
1568
the
Chatillons
and
the
Prince
of
Conde
escaped
almost
miraculously
an
women
and
children
who
escorted
by
barely
150
men
Jarnac,
so
this
engagement
was
called,
Catholics
mockingly
called
his
pages,
Coligny
had
henceforward
the
undivided
com-and
of
the
Huguenot
army
as
well
as
the
principal
voice
in
determining
the
pohcy
of
his
party.
44
as
chivalry
was
then
displeasing
to
Charles
V.
But
the
mere
suggestion
of
such
an
arrangement
was
alarming
to
Francis
I.,
and
his
sister
would
not
entertain
the
thought
of
any
a
fortnight
from
village
lads,
and
live
on
the
national
porridge.
Since,
however,
Henry
of
Albret
died
when
his
grandson
was
only
two
years
the Ven-
the
release
of
her
brother-in-law
and
husband.
La
Gaucherie,
like
a
more
celebrated
educator
of
the
time,
Beroalde,
taught
the
dead
languages
orally,
the
Queen
of
Navarre,
bringing
am-
spread
over
a
court,
the
or
of
Venus,
provided
that
their
intrigues
were
serviceable,
or
at
least
no
hindrance,
to
the
policy
of
their
mistress.
But
though
the
knowledge
of
manners
acquired
among
the
courtiers
of
the
Florentine
must
have
been
singularly
unedifying,
a
progress
through
France
La
Gaucherie
was
succeeded
in
the
office
of
tutor
by
a
m.ore
eminent
scholar,
Flo-
of Bourbon. But
Huguenot
veterans.
After
celebrated
throughout
Catholic
Europe.
Yet
the
results
of
the
victory
were
unimportant.
Charles
IX.,
jealous
of
his
brother's
glory,
joined
the
army,
and
sat
down
before
St.
Jean
d'Angely,
wasting
three
months
and
the
lives
of
6,000
men.
The
Admiral,
accompanied
by
the
young
princes
of
Beam
and
Cond6,
after
throwing
strong
garrisons
into
the
Protestant
towns
of
Poitou,
led
the
remains
of
his
cavalry
into
the
South,
where
he
was
joined
Admiral himself.
Huguenot
at
St.
Germains
by
the
King
(August
8,
1570).
state-raft
of
Catherine
de'
Medici,
and
the
Protestants
to
whom
she
appeared
a
monster
of
dissimulation,
rep-esent
the
treaty
of
St.
Germains
as
informed
contemporaries.
Walsingham,
the
English
ambassador,
assured
rencys
and
a
ready
ear
to
those
who
suggested
that
though
little
remained
of
the
independent
kingdom
of
Navarre,
yet
the
head
of
Pyrenees
to
far
beyond
the
Garonne,
of
the
principality
of
Beam,
of
the
duchies
of
Vendome,
Beaumont
and
Albret,
of
the
counties
of
Bigorre,
Armagnac,
Rouergue,
Guises.
The
well-known
story
of
Coligny's
reception
at
to
bring
her
son
to
Court,
to
see
the
young
lady
and
to
conduct
the
treaty
in
person.
con-eived.
If
he
were
there,
she
said,
nothing
short
of
the
signal
grace
of
God
could
save
him.-
With
prophetic
eagerness
she
begs
him
to
be
on
worried.
They
even
make
holes
Margaret,
whom
she
saw
shrinking
behind
her
mother,
was
not
of
Beam
should
Crown
jewels,
the
Huguenots.
indeed,
that
tremen-
It
seemed
as
if
peaceably
and
by
moral
means
the
best
allies
of
Phihp
H.
France,
but,
what
touched
her
far
more
nearly,
her
power
and
the
safety
of
A
bravo
formerly
his
I'Hopital,
nd
Marshal
Tavannes,
she
requested
an
audience
of
the
Parisian
mob.
The
signal
was
to
BARTHOLOMEW.
refused
to
leave
him.
The
murderers
burst
open
the
door
statesmen
produced
by
the
French
Reformation.
Aristotle
describes
the
man
of
perfect
character
as
'slow
and
influence
women
and
even
of
the
enemy,
but
for
the
rest
the
King
had
put
to
death
such
as
might
do
were even
other
Huguenots.
But
their
individual
importance
appeared
too
insignificant,
The
Huguenots,
she
and
if
it
were
not
granted,
then
to
seek
it
for
themselves.
As
for
me
the
tears
of
my
sister
weighed
on
my
mind
and
I
could
not
sleep
for
fear
of
some
unknown
evil.
At
dawn,
the
King,
my
husband,
said
he
would
go
and
play
tennis
till
had
covered
me
with
his
blood,
M.
de
Nangaytold
me
what
had
happened,
but
assured
me
that
my
husband
was
in
the
King's
room
and
in
no
danger.
Making
me
throw
on
a
dressing-gown,
he
then
led
me
to
the
room
of
my
re-istance
of
Henry
and
the
passages
between
his
Princess
and
Anjou.
everything,
of the
of
strings
and
pearls
under
an
Italian
cap,
its
smooth
face
rouged
and
whitened,
the
body
of
courting
popularity,
affable
and
splendid,
concealing
an
HENRY
III.
a
formal
declaration
rebellion
was
crushed
in
mistress,
ventured
to
condemn
in
harsher
terms
the
the
of
some
distinction.
The
King
of
Navarre
and
the
7
Protestants
and
garrisoned
by
them
at
the
King's
expense.
Catherine
exclaimed
in
indig-
Catholics
had
been
party,
national
liber-ies.
The
Huguenots
began
to
occupy
the
fortresses
of
Poitou*
Montgomery,
the
splinter
of
whose
lance
Henry
F, Clouet.
these
deputies,
one
was
to
be
a
objects
of
the
army,
but
by
conducting
but
as
time
went
on,
his
position
at
the
French
Court
became
neither
more
secure
nor
more
honourable.
It
was
humiliating
to
masquerade
in
Henry
III.'s
penitentialprocessions
and
still
more
degrading
to
be
the
companion
of
debaucheries,
which
in
themselves
were
not
attractive
to
an
appetite
for
vice,
which
if
dare
to
refuse
to
employ
poison
or
steel
against
you.
to
Paris
greater
of France.
by
the
plea
that
he
was
powerless
to
enforce
them.
Ill
King
Clovis
association,
to
punish
with
the
utmost
severity
who-oever
under
any
pretext
whatever
attempted
to
to
those
of
Spain.
But
to
carry
out
such
a
plan
required
patient
self-
control
as
well
as
extreme
skill
in
perceiving
and
utilising
he
force
of
opposing
tendencies.
Henry
HL
studied
his
Commines
and
Machiavelli,
spun
fine
webs
of
policy
and
intrigue
in
his
cabinet,
desire
to
avoid
the
observation
of
his
subjects.
To
a
modern
playing
Cup
and
Ball
in
and
that
vote
was
rendered
nugatory
by
the
refusal
honestly
follow
Lord of Le
of
the
bustle
of
diplomacy
and
war
he
Siecle,
the
noble
lineaments
of
the
Calvinist
gentleman
stand
out
as
if
incapable
of
disfigurement.
If,
says
a
clear-
perversion,
who
was
the
unerring
instinct,
he
found
his
way
to
treasure
with-
as
a
cock-hafer,
with
a
fiery
valour
surprising
in
a
man
of
cold
and
calculating
character.
Sully
moreover
combined
a
courtier's
pliability
ith
great
outward
frankness,
and
even
roughness
of
bearing
in
council,
King
and
Queen-Mother
for
a
general
pacification.
events
for
good
but
ill,
or
ill
yet
passing
good.
This
was
9
that the
match for
of
greatest
were
proud
to
minister
to
the
King's
foulest
pleasures
honourable,
nor
did
the
King
scruple
to
entrust
his
sister
Catherine
to
her
care.
must
remember
how
very
different
a
half
apology,
he
begged
his
brother-in-law
not
to
take
the
matter
too
much
to
heart.
The
most
virtuous
as
for
the
the
prince.
The
intimate
connec-
Countries
there
seemed
little
hope
that
without
foreign
help
the
exhaustion
of
the
Catholic
Joyeuse,
would
have
Spain
to
bring
France
to
the
very
verge
of
middling
condition,
but
distinguished
for
fanatical
zeal
and
party
spirit,
well
suited
to
be
the
instruments
of
cooler
and,
if
not
more
scrupulous,
yet
higher
placed
and
more
cautious
ambition.
The
parish
clergy,
the
pulpits
and
other
princes,
peers,
prelates,
officers
of
the
Crown,
nearer,
more
invidious
and
oppressive
authority
of
a
feudal
ruler
for
that
of
the
Crown,
would
forget
their
hereditary
loyalty
any
more
than
that
the
lawyers
would
aid
to
overthrow
the
monarchy
on
which
their
own
import-nce
depended.
As
for
the
Huguenot
gentry
and
character,
whom
she
would
easily
control.
Thus
the
Florentine,
as
if
immortal,
spun
her
schemes
with
characteristic
inca-acity
to
distinguish
between
what
was
and
was
not
possible.
Easily
alarmed
by
present
difficulties,
he
to
the
King
of
Navarre,
warning
him
to
be
on
his
guard,
and
adding
that
he
was
glad
to
all
oppor-
CATHERINE
DE'
MEDICI.
true,
with
my
conscience,
but
most
unwillingly,
since
from
this
act
will
follow
the
ruin
of
my
realm
and
of
my
people.
had
149
;
great
nobles
were
difficult
to
treaty
between
of
the
protesta-ions
of
the
Queen-Mother
and
her
son,
that
their
was
to
Francis
army,
wholly
composed
of
nobles
resplendent
with
embroidery
Cousins,
I
have
only
to
remind
you
that
you
belong
to
the
family
of
which
though
about
equal
to
the
enemy
in
infantry,
was
greatly
at
the
considerable
military
ex-
The
Swiss,
when
they
found
the
King
of
France
in
person
opposed
to
them,
refused
to
fight,
and
passes
and
lead
the
army
into
Languedoc
his brother-in-
Nancy
and
agreed
upon
new
articles
to
be
presented
as
an
ulti-atum
to
the
King.
In
these
they
demanded
that
the
Louvre,
and
had
garrisoned
that
palace,
the
Bastille,
and
the
Arsenal
with
a
strong
force
of
Swiss.
The
Guise
took
advantage
of
the
opportunity
to
escape
from
so
of
''To
the
Louvre,
office.
The
guards
at
the
Porte
de
Nesle
fired
across
invited
the
ambitious
intervention
of
Spain,
have
now
awoke,
imagine
himself
trans-orted
to
sortie
barbarous
island,
future
and
other
painting
by
F.
Clouet.
could
only
have
overcome
by
the
help
of
theProtes-
surviving
brother
of
Guise,
presided,
with
the
style
of
Lieutenant-
to
be
dealt
to
the
Cause
by
the
mighty
armament
collect-ng
in
the
Spanish
ports,
the
jealousy
of
the
Princes
of
his
family,
the
disunion
among
his
fol-owers,
and,
lastly,
the
complete
submission,
as
it
greatest
misfortunes
possible
his
master
to
hasten
to
the
assistance
of
Henry
III.
Chatillon
was
equally
of
Mayenne
first
saw
the
uni-
assembled
to
see
the
meeting
mercy
has
not
only
pre-
they
were
joined
by
a
powerful
body
of
Swiss,
enlisted
by
the
Protestant
But
although
the
devotion
of
many
to
the
Catho-
the faithful.
had
been
recently
revived,
mainly
the
office
of
minister
of
finance,
whose
shameless
prodigality
was
supported
by
an
insatiable
of
your
brave
gentry.
They
are
impatiently
awaiting
your
commands.
You
are
if
possible,
o
deprive
none
of
the
dignities
and
offices
they
had
held
under
the
late.
King,
to
appoint
no
out-umbered
the
King
in
the
field,
and
would
soon
be
independence.
The
any
is
like
a
went
through
prof-ted
by
abuses
and
irregularities
hich
a
strong
gov-
Orange
an
opportunity
and
a
sorely
needed
breathing
space.
Breaking
up
his
camp
before
Paris
the
King
sent
the
levies
of
Picardy
under
wealthiest
province
of
France,
to
confirm
the
loyalty
of
the
well-disposed
nobility
and
governors,
to
determine
those
who
were
wavering
and
by
threatening
Rouen
to
divert
Mayenne
from
attacking
the
Royalist
garrisons
round
Paris.
A
third
motive
was
the
necessity
of
securing
a
port,
conveniently
situated,
for
keeping
up
communications
with
England.
Elizabeth
had
The
fortifications
of
Dieppe
were
strong
and
in
good
repair,
well
supplied
with
artil-ery
and
defended
by
a
garrison
including
the
his
rear.
He-
therefore
fell
back
upon
Dieppe,
where
he
could
face
his
enemies
and
await
the
English,
Scotch
and
Dutch
succours
and
the
approach
of
the
other
divisions
of
his
army
under
Longueville
and
D'Aumont.
The
position
he
had
defending
the
direct
approach
to
Dieppe.
Three
days
were
spent
in
preparations.
Early
on
noble
volunteers,
only
conceived
themselves
Arques,
said
a
young
prince
who
fought
three
places
the
sub-
for the
wishing
to
see
their
country
the
tributary
of
Spain.
the
Council
of
State
was
the
mere
instrument
of
Mayenne's
personal
government.
broke
up
his
leaguer
before
Dreux,
and
March
14th,
that
on
which
the
battle
of
Ivry
was
40,000
crowns
which
the
economy
of
Mornay
had
provided
were
distributed
among
them.
The
King
threw
himself
down
to
rest
for
a
couple
of
hours,
but
before
daybreak,
was
again
astir,
visit-
same
order
as
attempted
to
protect
the
arranged
as
they
were
in
a
crescent,
they
converged
in
advancing
upon
the
enemy.
The
Reiters
finding
no
space
left,
foot
would
gladly
have
done
the
same,
but
the
memory
of
their
treachery
at
Arques
was
fresh,
and
they
were
cut
Bouil-on
had
more
to
hope
from
the
the
Duke
the
policy
for
the
Duke
was
now
com-
HENRY
V.
Scarcely
had
this
decision
of
the
Faculty
of
The-
battle
the
suburbs.
The
walls
of
the
city
itself
might
no
doubt
yet
the
siege
continued
more
than
twenty
days
longer.
Henry's
humanity
prevented
his
triumph.
He
al-
great
city.
But
though
such
chance
go,
to
grasp
at
the
shadow,
as
the
Prince
himself
complained
to
Philip
II.
It
was
therefore
a
most
unwelcome
surprise
to
the
King
to
hear
that
the
Governor
of
the
Netherlands
with
13,000
men
had
joined
the
Lieutenant-General
of
the
League
at
Meaux
on
August
23d,
and
that
they
were
marching
upon
Paris.
Leaguers
who
were
not
unwil-ing
to
be
the
servants
of
Philip
were
disgusted
when
was
determined
to
prolong
the
Civil
War,
that
work-shop,
as
La
None
terms
it,
of
every
iniquity
detestable
to
honest
folk,
but
also,
as
Biron
conceived,
the
work-hop
in
privation
and
un-
of
the
King's
forces
and
Brittany
became
the
scene
of
a
tedious
war,
little
connected
with
militaryoperations
in
other
parts
of
France,
in
be
the
tool
of
the
Spanish
faction
in
Paris.
One
of
the
most
ardent
preachers
of
the
League
an-
15
house
was
an
obstinate
heretic,
incapable
of
reigning,
he
begged
the
Holy
Father
to
vexatious
and
undignified
embarrassment.
of the
a
legend.
When,
in
her
twentieth
year,
Gabrielle
first
met
the
King,
her
figure,
although
already
too
mature,
was
exquisitely
proportioned.
Her
complexion
was
fair
and
brilliant,
her
golden
hair
virtue
of
Gabrielle
was
not
of
a
kind
to
take
alarm
at
the
she
protested
that
the
were
pursuing
the
ruin
and
partition
of
the
kingdom.
receive
part
of
a
and
of
any
son-in-law
it
might
less de-
^
my
study
and
this
temper
was
sustained
by
constant
processions,
solemn
oaths
to
resist
to
the
spoke
of
treaty
or
surrender.
It
was
a
perilous
as
in
the
Netherlands.
Early
in
January
a
Dutch
squadron
supposed
himself
to
be
fighting
he
regarded
his
allies.
This
jealousy
of
Parma
perhaps
counterbalanced
against
such
an
enemy
as
Parma,
and
when
threat-ned
both
in
rear
and
front
by
far
superior
forces.
upper
hand.
The
sup-
greater part
of the
well invested.
made
his
great
parts,
improved
though
they
were
by
study
and
knowledge
of
books,
as
well
as
by
a
wide
experience
of
camps
and
courts,
of
little
use
to
the
cause
he
served,
or
to
his
country.
it,
his
niarvellous
placability,
is
humanity,
his
ready
sympathy,
nay
his
very
vices
recommended
him
to
his
countrymen.
247
fanatical
the
most
active
accepted
and
waves.
bastard such
peace,
some
wish
to
escape
the
domination
of
Spain.
months.
war
by
submis-
King
would
preside
over
a
so
conspicuous
that
complained,
endure
this
continual
warfare
no
longer.
They
were
weary
of
serving
a
king
who
never
rested
day
or
night,
who
was
accustomed
to
live
with
his
Huguenots
on
the
wretched
plunder
of
peasants'
hovels,
to
warm
himself
by
a
blazing
barn,
to
sleep
among
cattle
and
horses
in
filthy
stables.
misery
and
sufferings
of
the
country,
nay,
even
the
gain
to
the
Protestants
the
aged
Beza,
his
only
I
fear
that
our
life,
which
we
ought
to
have
made
up
his
mind
to
abjure
his
heresies,
he
carried
out
his
resolution
with
the
same
light-hearted
and
cheerful
assurance
which
he
showed
in
battle,
though
he
the
Crown,
and
escorted
by
his
French,
Swiss
and
Scotch
Guards,
passed
through
streets
eldest
XIV.
who
refused
toleration
to
their
doctrines,
were
better
statesmen
than
Henry
IV.
The
dragoitnades
of
his
grandson
were
the
logical
consequences
of
the
con-ersion
of
the
first
Bourbon
King.
even
more
vigorously
in
the
pamphlets
and
broadsheets
which
poured
Henry
that
he
desired
peace,
that
he
was
disgusted
your
King
is
Cathohc.
I
could
never
believe
him
to
be
converted
unless
an
angel
from
heaven
came
an
soon
have
the
Carohn-
gians
the
elective
principle
was
reaffirmed,
and
the
per-
18
King,
dressed
nobles,
magistrates
and
to
attain
the
same
end
by
Brissac
was
not
more
faithful
to
the
League
than
in
the
first
was
necessary
to
antici-
King,
alone
met
that he
assassinate him.
J
o
S
X
is
of
God.
The
Powers
that
be
the
League,
who
continued
in
arms,
must
be
con-
ciHated
or
subdued
fever-stricken
Pol
and
Duke
of
Rethelois,
treated
it,
fell
stabbed
to
Genoa,
had
long
been
the
object
of
Spanish
ambition.
Carlo
Doria,
with
a
Spanish
fleet,
was
already
in
the
he
had
consoli-ated
his
power
at
home,
before
by
an
open
defiance
formidable
resources.
The
Spanish
mon-rchy
was
like
some
mighty
beast
of
chase
which,
bleeding
from
many
wounds
and
apparently
ex-austed,
may
yet,
if
the
hunter
approach
too
incautiously,
gather
its
failing
energies
at
the
touch
of
his
weapon
and
perish
not
unavenged.
not
been
inconsistent
with
this
object,
because
his
enemies
had
also
been
the
292
stipulated
terms.
In
1565
the
University,
supported
by
the
Bishop
and
Clergy
of
Paris,
s
well
as
by
the
Pope
when
he
spoke
as
was,
strain under
I
love
you
the
Prince
of
forward
with
his
men,
putting
to
flight
some
fifty
or
sixty
skirmishers
whom
he
met
re-ult.
But
the
Constable
of
Castile
could
not
believe
that
the
King
would
have
been
so
foolhardy
were
not
his
army
close
at
hand.
8/20/2019 Henry of Navarre and the Hugu

henry of navarre and the huguenos in france - willert 1893

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