helsinki university of technology (hut-600) auditorium project

Helsinki University of Technology (HUT-600) Auditorium Helsinki University of Technology (HUT-600) Auditorium ProjectProject

A case study in the application of:A case study in the application of:

Industry Foundation Classes & 3D/4D Industry Foundation Classes & 3D/4D ModelsModels

Calvin Kam and Martin FischerCalvin Kam and Martin FischerCIFE Summer Program 2001, Stanford UniversityCIFE Summer Program 2001, Stanford University

Project Highlights

• This research focuses on exchanging IFC product model data and on leveraging 3D models for visualization and 4D modeling

• Efficient model and data sharing allows the project team to study more design alternatives, complete thorough analyses of life cycle costs and environmental impacts, produce virtual reality models for group decision making, and improve the construction sequence through 4D visualization

• The new auditorium complex is an addition to the main building (1969) designed by renowned architect Alvar Aalto

Why HUT-600 for research/pilot?

• The project stakeholders are also key participants in research and development sponsored by the Finnish government

• The scale of the program is appropriate for experimental pilot work given a tight design and construction schedule

• The complexity of the program offers challenges and requires in-depth alternative studies

• The dynamics of the end user group (faculty, university facility managers, students, etc.) demand the best visualization tools to expedite client briefing and catalyze exchange of ideas

Motivations for a Construction Pilot

• TEKES

• VERA

• IAI—IFC

• CIFE

National Technology Agency in Finland

Motivated by NIST’s study of 700 projects in the US that shows:

• greater use of IT correlates with better project performance

• both owners and contractors realise meaningful benefits

• pronounced IT learning curve, but benefits outweigh risks

• beneficial schedule compression• overall project cost savings ~ 1 %• construction cost savings ~ 4 %

International Alliance for Interoperability

Industry Foundation Class (IFC)• bringing information technology to building

design, construction, and operation (A/E/C/FM)• industry-wide and continuous sharing of

information is the starting point in bringing information technology to building design, construction and operation.

• software interoperability: an environment in which computer programs can share and exchange data automatically regardless of the type of software or of where the data may be residing

Information Networking in the Construction Process

• 6-year research & development program under TEKES

• total budget of USD $43 Million • of which USD $ 20 Million from TEKES• 80% for industrial R&D projects• 20% for public projectsCenter for Intergrated Facility Engineering

• generate research goals• WDI/CIFE 4D tool in visualization, operation,

space and facility management• document research progress• disseminate research findings

http://www.tekes.fi/eng/default.asp

Goals of Construction Pilot1. Support owner, users, and designers in early project

decision making

2. Demonstrate benefits of product model approach from client briefing to design to construction to facility management

3. Prioritize agenda for further R&D related to the application of product models for information management

B U I L D I N G S I M U L A T I O N

S i m u l a t i o n 1

M O N T H L Y H E A T I N G E N E R G Y M O N T H L Y C O O L I N G E N E R G Y

1 5 8 . 4 m k / M W h

E le c t r i c e n e r g y :

2 7 0 . 0 m k / M W h

C o o l i n g e le c t r i c i t y i n c lu d e s

t h e c o m p r e s s o r s , c o n d e n s e r s

C O P o f c o o l i n g = 3

H E A T I N G O F R O O M E Q U I P M E N T S C O O L I N G O F R O O M E Q U I P M E N T S

H E A T I N G O F S U P P L Y A I R C O O L I N G O F S U P P L Y A I R

D O M E S T I C W A T E R H E A T I N G

0

30

60

90

120

150

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

MWh

Technologies for Construction Pilot• 3D and 4D visualizations of architectural design

alternatives, lighting schemes, and construction schedule

• Rapid analyses of several design alternatives for life-cycle costs, comfort, cost, energy, and environmental impact based on the same IFC-based product model

• CAVE, project extranet

Primary Stakeholders

Owner: Senate Properties

MEP Designer: Olof Granlund Oy

General Contractor: YIT

Research Collaborator: CIFE, Stanford University

http://www.senaatti.com/index.asp?siteID=1

Project Overview

Scope of Design:Multipurpose Auditorium, Foyer,

Computer Center, Handicap Accessibility

Budget: 30 Million Finnish Mark~$5 Million US Dollars

Schedule

Oct 2000 Design Started

Feb 2001 CAVE Review

Apr 2001 Life Cycle Cost, Environmental AnalysisConstruction Started

Jun 2001

Aug 2001 Erection of Structural Steel

Oct 2001

Jan 2002 Scheduled for Completion

4D Simulation4D Simulation

VisualizationVisualizationLighting simulationLighting simulation

ConstructionEstimating

FacilitiesManagement

ArchitecturalDesign

MechanicalDesign

StructuralDesign

Energy SimulationEnergy Simulation




1 5 8 . 4 m k / M W h


2 7 0 . 0 m k / M W h

C o o l i n g e le c t r i c i t y i n c l u d e s






0

30

60

90

120

150

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

MWh

EnvironmentalEnvironmentalAnalysisAnalysis

-30-20-10

0102030405060708090

100

1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23

Comfort SimulationComfort Simulation

Comp. Fluid DynamicComp. Fluid Dynamic

Virtual realityVirtual reality

Electrical Design

Life Cycle CostLife Cycle Cost

Constructionplanning

Shared IFC Shared IFC Model & DataModel & Data

1 184 0001 064 000

231 000 570 000

0

300 000

600 000

900 000

1 200 000

1 500 000

1 800 000

ThermoNet® Present

Information Flow

• Granlund has developed BSPro—a middleware tool for exchanging IFC-compliant data

• Current version handles building geometry and thermal data

GRANLUND SOFTWARE

BSProGRANLUND SOFTWARE

BSPro

HVAC CAD

BS system design tools

CFD simulation

Thermal simulation

Other tools

BS

CO

M S

erv

er

for

IFC

Fil

es

BS CLIENT

BS CLIENT

BS CLIENT

BS CLIENT

IFC File”Thermal

view”

BS CLIENT

Building geometry and

space data

Architect CAD

Granlund SMOG

MicrosoftVisio 2000

Information Flow

Integrated BS Design ToolsIntegrated BS Design Tools

BS CAD tools

BS system design tool

CFD simulation

Thermal simulation

Visualisation &Lighting simulation

building geometry and space data (IFC)

IFC File

BS Pro link

Virtual reality visualisation (CAVE)

Architect CAD

Production planning(YIT / COVE)

BS design

database

Facilities management

Product data

4D Visualization(WDI-CIFE 4D Viz)

Lessons Learned to Date

“We are amazed that this [sharing of product model data in IFC standard] is working in practice” - the project architect

IFC 1.5.1 supports: the transfer of building geometry, general material selection, and object names

Limitations with IFC 1.5.1:• It does not support specific material types • The file to represent HVAC design data is very

large• Lighting data and its database are not in IFC

standard, hence the resulting thermal loads from lighting fixtures cannot be directly updated

• Schedule integration is not supported by COVE

Benefits Learned to DateSharing IFC product model allows for:

• earlier coordination between architects and MEP designers

• more accurate cost estimation early project phase• better and earlier construction and procurement

planning • faster generation of design alternatives

Various visualization tools (VR, CFD, 4D, etc.) allow for:• better and faster design coordination among

different disciplines• more informative briefing and idea exchanges with

the user groups

Next Steps

• Disseminate benefits and lessons learned from HUT project

1. Far-reaching decisions about project scope and requirements can be made early with accurate information

2. Full life-cycle analysis for many alternatives available early in design

• Find 2nd pilot project





ArchitecturalDesign

MechanicalDesign

StructuralDesign





1 5 8 . 4 m k / M W h


2 7 0 . 0 m k / M W h







0

30

60

90

120

150

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

MWh


-30-20-10

0102030405060708090

100

1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23







1 184 0001 064 000

231 000 570 000

0

300 000

600 000

900 000

1 200 000

1 500 000

1 800 000

ThermoNet® Present

ElectricalDesign

Electrical Design

StructuralDesign

Direct IFC Direct IFC ExchangeExchange





ArchitecturalDesign

MechanicalDesign





1 5 8 . 4 m k / M W h


2 7 0 . 0 m k / M W h

C o o l i n g e l e c t r i c i t y i n c l u d e s






0

30

60

90

120

150

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

MWh


-30-20-10

0102030405060708090

100

1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23






1 184 0001 064 000

231 000 570 000

0

300 000

600 000

900 000

1 200 000

1 500 000

1 800 000

ThermoNet® Present

Industry Foundation Classes

• IFC defines a single object-oriented data model shared by all IFC-compliant applications.

• IFC is public and open for implementation and use by any member. It is evolving.

• In HUT-600 case, IFC 1.5.1 is strong in transferring building geometry, generating object identity, and specifying general material selection

Click to return to the HUT Circle RETURN





ArchitecturalDesign

MechanicalDesign

StructuralDesign





1 5 8 . 4 m k / M W h


2 7 0 . 0 m k / M W h







0

30

60

90

120

150

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

MWh


-30-20-10

0102030405060708090

100

1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23







1 184 0001 064 000

231 000 570 000

0

300 000

600 000

900 000

1 200 000

1 500 000

1 800 000

ThermoNet® Present

ElectricalDesign



MechanicalDesign

StructuralDesign

Electrical Design



ArchiCADArchiCAD

2D View of 3D Model2D View of 3D Model

3D Model3D Model

Quick Time MovieQuick Time Movie

Architectural Design

• the architects used photomontages to illustrate how design alternatives fit into the existing site context






ArchitecturalDesign

MechanicalDesign

StructuralDesign





1 5 8 . 4 m k / M W h


2 7 0 . 0 m k / M W h







0

30

60

90

120

150

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

MWh


-30-20-10

0102030405060708090

100

1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23







1 184 0001 064 000

231 000 570 000

0

300 000

600 000

900 000

1 200 000

1 500 000

1 800 000

ThermoNet® Present

ElectricalDesign

•Granlund designers use VIVA for lighting design and selection

•VIVA is a database which gathers lighting products by different manufacturers

Electrical Design

GRANLUND SOFTWARE

VIVAGRANLUND SOFTWARE

VIVA






ArchitecturalDesign

MechanicalDesign

StructuralDesign





1 5 8 . 4 m k / M W h


2 7 0 . 0 m k / M W h







0

30

60

90

120

150

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

MWh


-30-20-10

0102030405060708090

100

1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23







1 184 0001 064 000

231 000 570 000

0

300 000

600 000

900 000

1 200 000

1 500 000

1 800 000

ThermoNet® Present

ElectricalDesign

• MagiCAD is a 3D CAD tool for HVAC design

• the selection of HVAC components is linked to the electronic product catalogues from different manufacturers

Mechanical Design

GRANLUND SOFTWARE

DESIGNGRANLUND SOFTWARE

DESIGNMagiCADProgman Oy






ArchitecturalDesign

MechanicalDesign

StructuralDesign





1 5 8 . 4 m k / M W h


2 7 0 . 0 m k / M W h







0

30

60

90

120

150

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

MWh


-30-20-10

0102030405060708090

100

1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23







1 184 0001 064 000

231 000 570 000

0

300 000

600 000

900 000

1 200 000

1 500 000

1 800 000

ThermoNet® Present

ElectricalDesign

Construction Estimating

• COVE (COst and Value Engineering)YIT’s proprietary cost estimating and production planning system

• IFC-compliant

• performs ”Design Spell Check”, automatic construction cost estimating

Click to return to the HUT Circle RETURN RETURN





ArchitecturalDesign

MechanicalDesign

StructuralDesign





1 5 8 . 4 m k / M W h


2 7 0 . 0 m k / M W h







0

30

60

90

120

150

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

MWh


-30-20-10

0102030405060708090

100

1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23







1 184 0001 064 000

231 000 570 000

0

300 000

600 000

900 000

1 200 000

1 500 000

1 800 000

ThermoNet® Present

ElectricalDesign

Facility Management

FM DATABSE

Base module

Maintenance

Energy

calculation

Help desk

DocumentLong term

planning

Consumption

• Granlund has developed a facility management database that is compliant with its design database

• during design, the design team was able to retrieve accurate life cycle maintenance and operating cost data

• during this Fall, the team will beginwith the service and management specification

• designers and facility managerswill coordinate to transfer data

GRANLUND SOFTWARE

RYHTIGRANLUND SOFTWARE

RYHTI






ArchitecturalDesign

MechanicalDesign

StructuralDesign





1 5 8 . 4 m k / M W h


2 7 0 . 0 m k / M W h







0

30

60

90

120

150

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

MWh


-30-20-10

0102030405060708090

100

1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23







1 184 0001 064 000

231 000 570 000

0

300 000

600 000

900 000

1 200 000

1 500 000

1 800 000

ThermoNet® Present

ElectricalDesign

Lighting Simulation

• photorealistic study with Lightscape

• lighting simulations and daylighting studies

• links to virtual reality CAVE






ArchitecturalDesign

MechanicalDesign

StructuralDesign





1 5 8 . 4 m k / M W h


2 7 0 . 0 m k / M W h







0

30

60

90

120

150

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

MWh


-30-20-10

0102030405060708090

100

1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23







1 184 0001 064 000

231 000 570 000

0

300 000

600 000

900 000

1 200 000

1 500 000

1 800 000

ThermoNet® Present

ElectricalDesign

Comfort Simulation• RIUSKA—IFC-compliant

simulation tool

• imports 3D geometry in IFC format

• determines thermal conditions based on site location, building volume, and internal heating/cooling load

• suggests cooling/heating requirements and air velocities

GRANLUND SOFTWARE

RIUSKAGRANLUND SOFTWARE

RIUSKA

S P A C E S I M U L A T I O N S U M M E R D E S I G N D A Y

P U R P O S E O F T H E S I M U L A T I O N :

S i m u l a t i o n 1 A i r f l o w r a t e : 7 , 8 d m ³ / s , m ² = 5 1 8 8 d m ³ / s . S p a c e c o o l i n g : 0 , 0 W / m ² = 0 W .




S U M M E R D E S I G N D A Y H O U R L Y I N D O O R A I R T E M P E R A T U R E S ° C / H O U R O F D A Y

S i m . 1

S i m . 2

S i m . 3

S i m . 4

O u t d o o r

S U M M E R D E S I G N D A Y H O U R L Y S P A C E L O A D S W / m ² / H O U R O F D A Y

S i m u l a t i o n 1 S i m u l a t i o n 2

N E T

W I N D O W

E Q U I P M E N T

S i m u l a t i o n 3 S i m u l a t i o n 4

L I G H T I N G

P E O P L E

C O N D U C T I O N

I N F I L T R A T I O N

G R A N L U N D S O F T W A R E

R I U S K A

-10

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23-10

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23

-10

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23-10

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23

14

16

18

20

22

24

26

28

30

32

34

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24






ArchitecturalDesign

MechanicalDesign

StructuralDesign





1 5 8 . 4 m k / M W h


2 7 0 . 0 m k / M W h







0

30

60

90

120

150

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

MWh


-30-20-10

0102030405060708090

100

1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23







1 184 0001 064 000

231 000 570 000

0

300 000

600 000

900 000

1 200 000

1 500 000

1 800 000

ThermoNet® Present

ElectricalDesign

Energy SimulationB U I L D I N G S I M U L A T I O NA N N U A L E N E R G Y C O N S U M P T I O N


A N N U A L E N E R G Y C O N S U M P T I O N A N D C O S T


H e a t in g e n e r g y :

1 5 8 . 4 m k / M W h

( V A T n o t i n c lu d e d 2 % )


2 7 0 . 0 m k / M W h

( V A T n o t i n c lu d e d 2 % )

C o o l i n g e le c t r i c i t y i n c lu d e s

t h e e le c t r i c i t y c o n s u m p t io n o f


a n d c i r c u la t i o n p u m p s .





G R A N L U N D S O F T W A R E

R I U S K A

0

30

60

90

120

150

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

MWh

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

0

30000

60000

90000

120000

150000

MWh/a mk/a

0

30

60

90

120

150

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

MWh

0

30

60

90

120

150

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

MWh

• RIUSKA—IFC-compliant simulation tool

• estimates heating and cooling energy consumption by HVAC system

• accounts for changes in monthly thermal conditions and estimates energy cost

GRANLUND SOFTWARE

RIUSKAGRANLUND SOFTWARE

RIUSKA






ArchitecturalDesign

MechanicalDesign

StructuralDesign





1 5 8 . 4 m k / M W h


2 7 0 . 0 m k / M W h







0

30

60

90

120

150

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

MWh


-30-20-10

0102030405060708090

100

1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23







1 184 0001 064 000

231 000 570 000

0

300 000

600 000

900 000

1 200 000

1 500 000

1 800 000

ThermoNet® Present

ElectricalDesign

Computational Fluid Dynamics• the auditorium has a large volume with high thermal loads

• CFX tool by AEA Technology

• IFC-compliant by Granlund’s link—BS Pro

• simulates temperature stratification and air velocities of a proposed HVAC design based on thermal loads generated by RIUSKA

Temperature Velocity

Mixed System

• The mixed system shoots conditioned air from the ceiling

• It has a more conventional and simpler design but heat is trapped along the boundary in the auditorium

Displacement System

• The displacement system supplies from beneath and cools the occupants more efficiently

• It requires an underfloor HVAC distribution system






ArchitecturalDesign

MechanicalDesign

StructuralDesign





1 5 8 . 4 m k / M W h


2 7 0 . 0 m k / M W h







0

30

60

90

120

150

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

MWh


-30-20-10

0102030405060708090

100

1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23







1 184 0001 064 000

231 000 570 000

0

300 000

600 000

900 000

1 200 000

1 500 000

1 800 000

ThermoNet® Present

ElectricalDesign

Environmental Analysis• BSLCA—an integrated tool and life cycle database for

sustainable design

• incorporates building geometry, MEP systems, equipments, and energy consumption throughout the building life cycle

• assesses the impacts of emissionfrom building componentsto air and water

GRANLUND SOFTWARE

BSLCAGRANLUND SOFTWARE

BSLCA






ArchitecturalDesign

MechanicalDesign

StructuralDesign





1 5 8 . 4 m k / M W h


2 7 0 . 0 m k / M W h







0

30

60

90

120

150

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

MWh


-30-20-10

0102030405060708090

100

1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23







1 184 0001 064 000

231 000 570 000

0

300 000

600 000

900 000

1 200 000

1 500 000

1 800 000

ThermoNet® Present

ElectricalDesign

Life Cycle Cost• life cycle cost analysis tool for building services design, system

comparisons, and flexibility studies

• it leverages facility management data from previous projects to provide cost comparisons during the design phase

LIFE CYCLE COSTS

1 184 0001 064 000

231 000 570 000

0

300 000

600 000

900 000

1 200 000

1 500 000

1 800 000

ThermoNet® Present

Pre

sen

t va

lue

[E

CU

]

Invest. Energy

GRANLUND SOFTWARE

RITUGRANLUND SOFTWARE

RITUVersio 1.0 30.10.98

Customer: ABB Fläkt Oy Company: Insinööritoimisto Olof Granlund OyProperty: Radisson SAS Person:Adress: Manchester Date: 05.11.1999Place: UK Offer:Building: Appendix number:Subsystem: AHU1 Atriums Calculation alternative:Product name: VENTILATION UNIT

ENERGY CALCULATION LIFE CYCLE COST CALCULATION

Heating MWh/a Actual value calculation time [a] 20

Energy: 335,2 Nominal interest [%/a] 7,0

- Heat recovery 245,4 Inflation [%/a] 2,0

- Additional free heating: 0,0 FIM/MWh FIM/a Relative rise of energy price [%/a] 3,0

Net: 89,8 x 165,00 = 14817

Cooling MWh/a Actual val. Weighting Actual val.

Energy: 4,8 FIM factor factor FIM

- Free cooling 0,0 FIM/MWh FIM/a Total purchase price: 0 1,00 1,00 0

Net: 4,8 x 347,00 = 1666 FIM/a

Energy costs: 45505 16,60 1,00 755375

Fan electricity MWh/a FIM/a

Supply air fan: 43,4 Maintenance costs: 0 12,57 1,00 0

Exhaust air fan: 29,5 FIM/MWh FIM/a

Total: 72,9 x 380,40 = 27743 Total (transfer to the offer specification): 755375

Pump electricity MWh/a FIM/MWh FIM/a

Total: 3,4 x 381,90 = 1279

FIM/a

Total energy cost 45505

Energy costs [FIM/a] Actual value of costs [FIM]

0

5 000

10 000

15 000

20 000

25 000

30 000

Heating Cooling Fans Pumps

0

100 000

200 000

300 000

400 000

500 000

600 000

700 000

800 000

Investment Energy Maintenance






ArchitecturalDesign

MechanicalDesign

StructuralDesign





1 5 8 . 4 m k / M W h


2 7 0 . 0 m k / M W h







0

30

60

90

120

150

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

MWh


-30-20-10

0102030405060708090

100

1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23







1 184 0001 064 000

231 000 570 000

0

300 000

600 000

900 000

1 200 000

1 500 000

1 800 000

ThermoNet® Present

ElectricalDesign

Construction Planning• experiment with IFC import of

3D building geometry

• the 4D model intetrages the construction schedule from YIT

• align 4D view with view from the webcamera

• 4D case study in HVAC system with Granlund designers

• during this Fall, there will be 4D case studies in space and facility management

4D Simulation

4D Demonstration4D Demonstration






ArchitecturalDesign

MechanicalDesign

StructuralDesign





1 5 8 . 4 m k / M W h


2 7 0 . 0 m k / M W h







0

30

60

90

120

150

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

MWh


-30-20-10

0102030405060708090

100

1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23







1 184 0001 064 000

231 000 570 000

0

300 000

600 000

900 000

1 200 000

1 500 000

1 800 000

ThermoNet® Present

ElectricalDesign

Virtual Reality

•3m x 3m (~10ft x 10ft) CAVE room with 3 rear-projectors and 1 top-projector in the Computer Science Dept. at Helsinki University of Technology

•VR navigation by 3D stereoscopic eyeglass equipped with a motion sensor

•end-users navigate through the auditoriumand MEP systems in the interstitial space

http://www-vrl.umich.edu/intro/cave.html

Virtual Reality

End-users were able to provide valuable inputs during the schematic phase:

• location of the first row

• view from the back rows and the sloping of the lecture hall

• lighting schemes during presentation

• aisle locations


http://www-vrl.umich.edu/intro/cave.html

helsinki university of technology (hut-600) auditorium project

Documents

tight design

design startedfeb

ifc product model data

construction pilot3d

construction sequence

lifecycle costs

ifcbased product modelcave

d modelingefficient