Heat and fluid flow simulations for tomorrow’s energies

JP Chabard

Sept 2009

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Information technologies

Services to customers and demand-side management

NetworksElectricity generation

Energy management

EDF R&D : providing support and preparing the future for all EDF Group business lines

Renewables and environmental issues

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Energy : a worldwide challenge … NPP a very long term investment …

World consumption trends in energy medium scenario

NPP Gen life : Planning + Construction + Life-span + Dismantling => A century !

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Renewables

Nuclear

Coal

Gas

Oil

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4,6%

1,9%

1,4% - 0,5%

Plant life = 40-60 years

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OUR WORLDOUR WORLDWater : anticipating climate constraints on

shared resources

Continuous improv’t in characterization of environmental impacts of our facilities

R&D challenges for EDF Group

GENERATIONGENERATION

Enabling 60 year lifespan for nuclear power plants

Integrating new technologies for more efficiency

Innovating in renewable energies and storage

CUSTOMERSCUSTOMERS

Built Envir’t. : technologies & services for energy efficiency

Industry : developing energy efficiency & new electric usage

GRIDSGRIDS

Preparing the 2015 distribution network

OPTIMIZATIONOPTIMIZATION

Anticipating the new energy landscape

Generation optimization into the market : re-establishing methods and tools

Finding flexibility between consumption, generation and storageMODELLING and SIMULATIONS

to support DECISIONS !

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Verification and Validation (V&V) in CFD

Simulations for Decisions: Nice, but where are the error bars?

X 50 reactors => 100 Billion Euros..

Industrial CFD with RANSMany Indust OK with “approximate” predictions

Aerospace: reduce Drag by 1 % important

Power Gen. Nusselt number +/- 10 % is OK

But need some sort of error bars !

No best overall RANS model

Heat Transfer more difficult

RANS CFD is Mature ?Academic research => DNS, LES, Fundamental Turbulence mechanics

Not much progress expected from RANS developments ?

CFD progress mainly from bigger computers !

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Best Practice Guidelines and Database Initiatives… an enduring aspiration EDF R&D involved since 1980 in IAHR - ERCOFTAC V&V activities

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Refined Modelling of Turbulent Flows workshops

Org. by Viollet, Launder, Hutton, Rodi, Hanjalic, Jakirlic…

14th workshop here this Friday !

ERCOFTAC Best Practice Guidelines (2000)

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IAHR 1980 !

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Best Practice Guidelines and Database Initiatives

“Classic collection”administered by Dr. Craft at Manchester over 80 test-cases for V&V of CFD on turbulent flow Many of its test casesused for Validation of Code_Saturne. But only expt. data, no model testing

“QNET-CFD Trust and Quality in CFD”

Was major EU project, contribs. from 40 part. HTML format + adds QA to classic collectionBut hard to extend when funding stoppedCurrently turned into a “wiki” by Ercoftac

OECD Nuclear Energy Agency's “BPG for use of CFD in reactor safety applications” (2007)

Classic “paper report” format, or compilation of (old) reports; sections of variable qualityIgnores previous V&V activity. Not aware of EDF CFD software !No serious RANS test case, Poor understanding of RANS, Advertises fashionable but scarcely validated (besides aerodynamics) RANS-LES modelsWas this independent initiative necessary?

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Fashionable RANS-LES Blending: Too recent, not enough validation

Detac

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Eddy S

imula

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Scale

Adaptive S

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Unsteady RANS

RANS

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“Wikipedia” type website for V&VAcademic publications report success rather than failures: much overselling of “turbulence model improvements”

One-time funded EU/Gov projects => valuable, but rapidly obsolescent websites

Further funding in CFD and Turb. Mod. harder to secure

“Wikinomics” and the Wikipedia model could be the answer. Definition “Mass collaboration, relying on individuals cooperating freely to solve a problem or improve know-how”

seems particularly suited to deal with V&V of software”

A sample of “Wikipedia” type of web-database www.saturne.cfdtm.org initially for U. Manchester – EDF collaboration around Code-Saturne

PhD students uploaded their test cases AND results

Used by growing community of CFD users,

Now contains not only ref data, but also meshes, parameter files, result files, model comparisons, for several codes

Several codes, same model => reference solution

Will be used for validation of next code_saturne releases, instead of internal reports

Self-sustainable if/when critical mass reached:

Even if only 10% of wiki users contribute, 10% x 2000 = lot of contributors !

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UoM-EDF Wiki Collaborative Website : sample test cases