health hazards
TRANSCRIPT
HEALTH HAZARDSHEALTH HAZARDS
Anything that damages Anything that damages healthhealth
© PDST Home Economics
Smoking Smoking
Why people begin:Why people begin:
CuriosityCuriosity
ImageImage
Peer pressurePeer pressure
Bad ExampleBad Example
Harmful substances in tobaccoHarmful substances in tobacco
4000 chemicals4000 chemicals
Nicotine – addictive drugNicotine – addictive drug
Tar – coats lungsTar – coats lungs
Carbon monoxide – robs body of oxygenCarbon monoxide – robs body of oxygen
Irritants – Causes coughsIrritants – Causes coughs
Carcinogens – triggers cancer in the bodyCarcinogens – triggers cancer in the body
Harmful Effects of SmokingHarmful Effects of SmokingCancer: lungs, stomach, mouth, throat. 90% of Cancer: lungs, stomach, mouth, throat. 90% of people who get lung cancer are smokers.people who get lung cancer are smokers.
Heart disease: 3 times more common in smokers Heart disease: 3 times more common in smokers than non-smokers.than non-smokers.
BronchitisBronchitis
Smoker’s children get more lung infectionsSmoker’s children get more lung infections
Pregnant smokers are more likely to have Pregnant smokers are more likely to have miscarriages, still births or smaller babies.miscarriages, still births or smaller babies.
Smokers coughSmokers cough
Other EffectsOther Effects
Poor sense of taste and smellPoor sense of taste and smell
AddictionAddictionUnfit and slowBad breath, smelly clothesYellow teeth and fingersWrinkles and skin ageingWastes a lot of money
Passive smokerPassive smoker
When people who do not smoke inhale other When people who do not smoke inhale other peoples cigarette smoke.peoples cigarette smoke.
Environmental tobacco smoke ETSEnvironmental tobacco smoke ETS
Passive smoking can have the same effects as Passive smoking can have the same effects as smokingsmoking
Government ActionGovernment Action
MARCH 2004 – SMOKING BANMARCH 2004 – SMOKING BAN
High TaxHigh Tax
illegal to sell tobacco to under 18’sillegal to sell tobacco to under 18’s
Pack of 10 bannedPack of 10 banned
Health warnings on packsHealth warnings on packs
Tobacco advertising bannedTobacco advertising banned
In Ireland 5000 people die In Ireland 5000 people die each year because of each year because of
smokingsmoking
Alcohol AbuseAlcohol AbuseAlcoholic drinks contain a drug called ethyl Alcoholic drinks contain a drug called ethyl alcoholalcoholIf adults drink within recommended limits it may If adults drink within recommended limits it may do no harm.do no harm.If too much alcohol is drunk it can become If too much alcohol is drunk it can become addictive and cause serious health problemsaddictive and cause serious health problems
Why people drinkWhy people drink
For confidenceFor confidence
Relaxes themRelaxes them
Like the tasteLike the taste
Peer pressurePeer pressure
To escape problemsTo escape problems
Effects of alcohol depend on:Effects of alcohol depend on:
How much is drunkHow much is drunk
How quickly it is drunkHow quickly it is drunk
The size and gender of the drinkerThe size and gender of the drinker
If the drinker has eaten firstIf the drinker has eaten first
Short-term effects Short-term effects of alcoholof alcohol
Blood vessels widen – Blood vessels widen – skin redskin redLoss of co-ordination – Loss of co-ordination – staggers, slurred speechstaggers, slurred speechBrain slows downBrain slows downEffects judgementEffects judgementCauses aggressionCauses aggressionPoisonous – pass outPoisonous – pass out
Long term effect of alcohol Long term effect of alcohol abuse:abuse:
AddictionAddictionDestroys brain cells – co-ordination Destroys brain cells – co-ordination and memory effectedand memory effectedCirrhosis liverCirrhosis liverFoetal alcohol syndromeFoetal alcohol syndromeCancer throat and mouthCancer throat and mouthHeart diseaseHeart diseaseStomach ulcersStomach ulcersObesityObesityMental illness – depressionMental illness – depressionPremature deathPremature death
Effects on the family of the Effects on the family of the abuserabuser
Family unhappiness and Family unhappiness and breakdownbreakdown
Financial problems – alcohol Financial problems – alcohol is expensiveis expensive
Physical abuse of spouse or Physical abuse of spouse or childrenchildren
Bad example for childrenBad example for children
Effect of alcohol abuse on Effect of alcohol abuse on societysociety
Increase in crimeIncrease in crime
Increase in road accidentsIncrease in road accidents
More people absent from More people absent from workwork
Tax payers money used Tax payers money used treating abuserstreating abusers
Help for alcoholics and their Help for alcoholics and their familiesfamilies
Alcoholics anonymous – Alcoholics anonymous – group that helps group that helps alcoholic control their alcoholic control their addiction, it cannot be addiction, it cannot be cured.cured.Al Anon – for partners Al Anon – for partners and adult relatives of an and adult relatives of an alcoholicalcoholicAlateen – for teenage Alateen – for teenage children of alcoholicschildren of alcoholics
Teenage Teenage DrinkingDrinking
Added dangers of drinking early Added dangers of drinking early in life before you are finished in life before you are finished growinggrowingAlcohol has a more severe effect Alcohol has a more severe effect on a younger body and brain.on a younger body and brain.Addiction develops more easilyAddiction develops more easilyLearning and exams sufferLearning and exams sufferGreater risk of underage Greater risk of underage pregnancypregnancy
Alcohol content of drinksAlcohol content of drinks
Measured in unitsMeasured in units
Max 3 units recommended for men per dayMax 3 units recommended for men per day
Max 2 units recommended for women per dayMax 2 units recommended for women per day
1unit = 1 glass wine or ½ pt beer or 1 measure of 1unit = 1 glass wine or ½ pt beer or 1 measure of vodkavodka
Sensible drinking for adults (over Sensible drinking for adults (over 18)18)
Drink in moderationDrink in moderation
Drink slowlyDrink slowly
Eat before drinkingEat before drinking
Avoid ‘rounds’Avoid ‘rounds’
Don’t mix drink and Don’t mix drink and medicine or other drugsmedicine or other drugs
Don’t drink and driveDon’t drink and drive
Don’t force other people to Don’t force other people to drinkdrink
DrugsDrugs
DrugsDrugs
Any substance other than food which affects the Any substance other than food which affects the body.body.
Some drugs are very helpful if used correctly, Some drugs are very helpful if used correctly, preventing disease, curing disease, reducing preventing disease, curing disease, reducing pain.pain.
Follow doctors instructions, complete the course Follow doctors instructions, complete the course of medication, only give medicine to the person of medication, only give medicine to the person for which it’s prescribe.for which it’s prescribe.
Types of drugsTypes of drugs
Common drugsCommon drugs Controlled Controlled drugs drugs (prescription)(prescription)
Illegal drugsIllegal drugs
CaffeineCaffeine
Alcohol Alcohol
NicotineNicotine
Painkillers Painkillers (Panadol)(Panadol)
Sleeping pillsSleeping pills
TranquillisersTranquillisers
AntibioticsAntibiotics
EcstasyEcstasy
CannabisCannabis
CocaineCocaine
HeroinHeroin
Common drugsCommon drugs
nicotine
caffeine
alcohol painkillers
Controlled (prescription)Controlled (prescription)Sleeping pills
Anti-biotic
Tranquilisers
Illegal drugsIllegal drugs
Drug AbuseDrug Abuse
Drug abuse or misuse is using a drug for the Drug abuse or misuse is using a drug for the wrong purpose so it causes harm.wrong purpose so it causes harm.
Why do people abuse drugs?Why do people abuse drugs?
CuriosityCuriosity
For pleasureFor pleasure
To hide insecurities or forget problemsTo hide insecurities or forget problems
Peer pressurePeer pressure
Which drugs are abused?Which drugs are abused?
Painkillers – taking them when not neededPainkillers – taking them when not needed
Solvents – glue sniffingSolvents – glue sniffing
Controlled drugs – stolen and sold illegallyControlled drugs – stolen and sold illegally
Illegal drugs - cannabis, cocaine, ecstasyIllegal drugs - cannabis, cocaine, ecstasy
Effects of drug abuseEffects of drug abuse
Addiction and withdrawal symptomsAddiction and withdrawal symptoms
Health damaged – self neglectHealth damaged – self neglect
Tolerance growsTolerance grows
AIDSAIDS
Death – overdose, suicide, inhaling solvents, Death – overdose, suicide, inhaling solvents, disease.disease.
Crime increasesCrime increases
Hardship and heartbreak for family of addictsHardship and heartbreak for family of addicts
AddictionAddictionAddiction is dependence on a drug.Addiction is dependence on a drug.
2 types (i) Physical addiction (ii) Psychological 2 types (i) Physical addiction (ii) Psychological addiction.addiction.
Physical addiction: the body depends on the drug, Physical addiction: the body depends on the drug, without it they get withdrawal symptoms, cravings, without it they get withdrawal symptoms, cravings, cramps, sweating etc.cramps, sweating etc.
Psychological addiction: person relies on the drug to Psychological addiction: person relies on the drug to get them through the day, without it the feel tension, get them through the day, without it the feel tension, panic, paranoia etcpanic, paranoia etc
Addicts can suffer from one or both types.Addicts can suffer from one or both types.
Overcoming AddictionOvercoming Addiction
Physical addiction is worst and medical help is Physical addiction is worst and medical help is needed for the addict to withdraw from the drug needed for the addict to withdraw from the drug safely – drug treatment centresafely – drug treatment centrePsychological addiction is easier to overcome, if Psychological addiction is easier to overcome, if the addict decides to kick the habit they can be the addict decides to kick the habit they can be helped by friends, family counsellors to stay away helped by friends, family counsellors to stay away from the drug one day at a time.from the drug one day at a time.