health disparities: don't despair, be aware
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Health Disparities:Health Disparities:Don’t Despair,Don’t Despair,
Be Aware!Be Aware!
Jacqueline Leskovec, MLIS, MA, RN
National Network of Libraries of MedicineGreater Midwest Region
DSLC St Mary’s CollegeMarch 2013
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ObjectivesObjectivesParticipants will:•Understand the meaning of health disparities•Be able to identify 4 population groups affected by health disparities•Learn 4 resources for promoting health equity
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National Network of Libraries of Medicine Greater Midwest Region Who We AreWho We Are
This project has been funded in whole or in part with Federal funds from the National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, under Contract No. HHS-N-276-2011-
00005-C with the University of Illinois at Chicago.
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THE LITERATURE OF THE LITERATURE OF PRESCRIPTIONPRESCRIPTION
MARCH 08, 2014 - APRIL 19, 2014
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Getting to Know You
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What happened?What happened?
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Culture & HealthCulture & Health
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Culture and Patient Culture and Patient Health Health
• Beliefs about objects, symbols, food, the body, blood, non-traditional medicine, etc.
• Communication styles and norms • Role of relationships• Ways of learning new information• Role of translations and interpreters
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The 4 C’s of CultureThe 4 C’s of Culture1. What do you call your problem?2. What do you think caused your problem?3. How do you cope with your condition?4. What are your concerns regarding the condition
and/or recommended treatment?
~The 4 C’s of Culture:
A Mnemonic for Health Care Professionals
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Health EquityHealth Equity• [The] attainment of the highest level of health for
all people. Achieving health equity requires valuing everyone equally with focused and ongoing societal efforts to address avoidable inequalities, historical and contemporary injustices, and the elimination of health and health care disparities.
~Healthy People 2020HealthyPeople.gov
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Health DisparitiesHealth Disparities
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DefinitionDefinition• “A population is a health disparity population if
there is a significant disparity in the overall rate of disease incidence, prevalence, morbidity, mortality or survival rates in the population as compared to the health status of the general population.”o Minority Health and Health Disparities Research and Education Act
United States Public Law 106-525 (2000), p. 2498
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Unique Health IssuesUnique Health Issues
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African AmericansAfrican Americans• Heart disease, stroke, high cholesterol, HTN• Cancer, diabetes, unintentional injuries, maternal
and infant health, teen pregnancy,• Smoking and tobacco use, overweight/obesity,
nutrition, physical activity, HIV/AIDS• Seasonal influenza, asthma, TB
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Hispanic/LatinoHispanic/Latino• Asthma, chronic lower respiratory disease,
influenza & pneumonia• Chagas Disease• Unintentional injuries, homicide• Teen pregnancy• Smoking & tobacco use• Stroke• Diabetes• Chronic liver disease/cirrhosis
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Immigrants/Immigrants/refugeesrefugees
• Lack of health insurance• Lack of immunizations• Unfamiliarity with Western medicine• Pesticide & other hazards exposure
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Emerging Populations~http://rhin.org/
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American Indian/Alaskan American Indian/Alaskan
NativeNative• Higher unemployment rate• Shorter life expectancy• IHS• High rates of alcohol use, diabetes, infant
mortality, HIV/AIDS, obesity, mental health concerns, smoking & tobacco use
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Asian AmericansAsian Americans• Myth of the model minority• Certain types of cancer, TB, hepatitis B• Language & cultural barriers• Stigma associated with certain conditions• Lack of health insurance
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Women’s Health Women’s Health IssuesIssues
• Heart disease• Maternal and child health• Breast and cervical cancer• Binge drinking• Intimate partner violence
http://www.cdc.gov/women/lcod/2009/index.htm
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Men’s Health IssuesMen’s Health Issues• Tendency to smoke & drink > women• Shorter life expectancy• Job related stress• Prostate cancer• Low testosterone
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LGBTILGBTI Social stigma
Rejection by family members
Abuse and violence
Unfair treatment in the legal system
Hiding some or all aspects of one’s life
Lacking health insurance
Shortage of culturally competent health providers
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Senior Health IssuesSenior Health Issues• Balance problems, risk for falls• Diseases and injuries to bones and joints• Hearing loss• Diabetes• High blood cholesterol• Kidney disease• Problems with smell, taste; dry mouth• Stroke• Peripheral arterial disease
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Health Information Health Information ResourcesResources
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Scholarly Scholarly Resources/DatabasesResources/Databases
• PubMedo MeSH Terms
• Google Scholar• CINAHL• PsycINFO
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ARRA & ACAARRA & ACA• Proposed Data Collection Standards• Plan for Health Data Collection on Lesbian, Gay,
Bisexual and Transgender (LGBT) Populations• Preventive care, coordinated care, diversity and
cultural competency, health care providers for underserved communities, ending insurance discrimination, affordable insurance coverage
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MedlinePlusMedlinePlus• http://medlineplus.gov• Health Topics• Drugs & Supplements• Videos & Cool Tools• Medical dictionary• Population groups
o African-American, Latino/Hispanic, Asian Americans, American Indians, Alaskan Natives, LGBT, seniors, children’s health and more
• En español• Free!
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CDCCDC• Health & Safety Topics
o Diseases & Conditions; Healthy Living; Emergency Preparedness & Response; Injury, Violence & Safety
o Data & Statistics: FastStats
• For Specific Groupso Travelers’ Health; Life States & Populations; State, Tribal, Local &
Territorial
• Office of Minority Health & Health Equity• Women’s Health• http://www.cdc.gov
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• Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Health knowledge path
• Health professionals, program administrators, policymakers, and researchers
• Racial and ethnic health disparities, health equity, and removing barriers to care; http://www.mchlibrary.info/KnowledgePaths/kp_race.html
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Men’s HealthMen’s Health• CDC Men’s Health
o http://www.cdc.gov/men/
• NIH Men’s Health Topicso http://health.nih.gov/category/MensHealth/
• AHRQ Healthy Meno http://ahrq.gov
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NIH Senior HealthNIH Senior Health• Basic health and wellness information• Topics of concern for seniors
o Bones and Jointso Cancero Diseases and Conditionso Healthy Agingo Heart and Lungso Memory and Mental Healtho Treatments and Therapieso Vision and Hearing
http://nih.seniorhealth.gov
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http://go4life.nia.nih.gov/
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LGBTLGBTMedlinePlus•http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/gaylesbianbisexualandtransgenderhealth.htmlNational Institutes of Health: Gay/Lesbian Health•http://health.nih.gov/topic/GayLesbianHealthAIDS.gov: http://aids.govAIDSinfo / infoSIDA: http://aidsinfo.nih.govGMHC: http://www.gmhc.org/Lesbian Health & Research Center
• http://www.lesbianhealthinfo.org/
The Mautner Project• http://www.mautnerproject.org/
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RHINRHINRefugee Health Information Network•http://www.rhin.org •Multilingual health information (more than 80 languages) for health providers, refugees and asylees•Large section on cultural guidance•Country Conditions Reports•Multiple formats (print, audio, video)
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EthnoMedEthnoMed• http://ethnomed.org • Merged material from former 24 Languages
Project• Background information on cultures and cultural
competency• Patient education materials
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DiversityRxDiversityRxImproving Health Care for a Diverse World•http://www.diversityrx.org •Webinars•Cultural Competence
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o http://www.healthyroadsmedia.org/ o Multiple languages; multiple formats
• Includes iPod video and multimedia
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Health Information Health Information TranslationsTranslations
o http://healthinfotranslations.org/ o Health topics include Diagnostic Tests and
Disaster Preparednesso Linked to from MedlinePlus!
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Follow, Fan and Follow, Fan and Connect with NLMConnect with NLM
• http://www.nlm.nih.gov/socialmedia/index.html
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Others?Others?Questions?Comments?
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Thank you!Thank you!Jacqueline LeskovecSMC Class of [email protected]
Slideshare: leskovec
NN/LM Greater Midwest Regionhttp://nnlm.gov/gmr/
This project has been funded in whole or in part with Federal funds from the National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, under Contract No. HHS-N-276-2011-00005-C with the University of Illinois at
Chicago.