Health Choices and Health Choices and BehaviorBehavior

Wellness and Your Choices

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What Do You Think?

1.People make hundreds of choices every day that affect their health.

2.The way adults contract most diseases is by catching them from somebody else.

3.Accidents are among the major causes of death for teens.

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Health- a range of states with physical, mental/ emotional, spiritual, and social components.

Wellness- maximum well-being; the top of the range of health states

Daily Choices Affect Your Health

Lifestyle diseases- are diseases that may be caused by neglect or poor choices

Examples: Heart Disease, Lung Disease, Cancer, Diabetes and Liver Disease

The Leading Causes of Death

1890’s 2000’s1. Flu 1. Heart Disease2. Pneumonia 2. Cancer3. Tuberculosis 3. Stroke4. Digestive diseases 4. Chronic Lung

Disease5. Bronchitis 5. Pneumonia/flu6. Scarlet Fever 6. Other accidents7. Stroke 7. Motor

accidents8. Kidney Disease 8. Suicide

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Physical Health Yesterday and TodayInfectious Diseases- Diseases that are caused by infecting organisms

◦Examples: smallpox and polio

Lifestyle Diseases- Diseases that are made likely by neglect of the body

◦ Examples: heart disease, cancer, diabetes

Lifestyle Choices –Choices made daily; of how to treat the body and mind ◦ Examples: what we eat, and when to exercise

Family Medical History and Environment

Heredity- In some people the tendency to develop certain diseases may be common within in a family.

- Eating a healthy diet, exercising regularly, avoiding tobacco and other substances can still reduce the person’s risk

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Family Medical History and Environment

Environment- This includes infectious diseases caused by pollution of the air, water, and food. - Environmental impacts include physical, social, and cultural environmental factors.

3 types of Environment1. Physical environment refers to the place where you live.

Include things like: air pollution, availability of safe places to play, access to parks and other recreational activities.

3 types of Environment2. Social Environment refers to the people around you, including your family and friends. - If the people around you tend to live a healthy lifestyle the more likely you will be to also engage in healthy behaviors.

3 types of Environment3. Cultural environment refers to the beliefs and customs that your family practices.

- Family’s culture can influence the food you eat, whether or not you exercise, and other aspects of your life.

Chronological Age vs. Physiological Age

Chronological age- is your age measured in years from date of birth

Physiological age- is your age as estimated from the body’s health and probable life expectancy

5 Factors that Influence Physiological Age:1.Get 8-9 hours of sleep each night2.Eat regular, nutritious meals, including breakfast3.Engage in regular physical activity 4.Avoid the use of tobacco, alcohol, and other drugs. 5.Maintain a healthy body weight.

Personal Responsibility is Central to Wellness

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Personal Responsibility is Central to Wellness

Centenarians- people who have reached the age of 100 years old or older.

Common traits- balanced diet, not overweight, non-smokers, don’t abuse alcohol or other drugs, good sleep habits and physically active

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Portrait of a Well PersonPortrait of a Well PersonEmotional, Mental, and Spiritual

Maintains a strong selfIs willing to accept new ideas and try new behaviorsHandles setbacks without loss of self-esteem Feels life has meaningLives by a set of strong values

Portrait of a Well PersonPortrait of a Well PersonPhysical Health

Sleeps enough to function wellMaintains appropriate weightDoes not abuse any drugs including alcohol and tobaccoEats well balanced dietMaintains appropriate weightGood decision making regarding personal safety

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Portrait of a Well PersonPortrait of a Well PersonSocial Health

Develops supportive friendshipsEffectively resolves conflictsCan form a successful long-term partnershipSocializes well with the others without the influence of drugs and alcoholContinues growing, learning, and facing new challenges throughout life

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The Factors That Affect HealthThe Factors That Affect Health

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Group Activity:

Creating a Portrait of Wellness

In Groups of 3-4, draw a picture of a person, list their Chronological Age and their Physiological Age, then give evidence(Physical, Social, Spiritual, Mental/Emotional) to support your claim

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Making Behavior ChangesMaking Behavior ChangesMotivation- the force that moves

people to act

Drives- motivation that comes naturally from instincts

Examples: Hunger, thirst, fear

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Obstacles to ChangeObstacles to Change3 General Areas:

1.Competence- The person lacks needed knowledge or skill to make the change2.Confidence- The person has the needed knowledge but believes that making a change is beyond the scope or his/her ability 3.Motivation- The person possesses both competence and confidence, but lacks sufficient reason to change

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Motivation: Shaped by 4 factorsMotivation: Shaped by 4 factors

1. The value of the reward- how big is the reward

2. Its timing- how soon will the reward come

3. The costs- what will be the risk or consequences of seeking the reward

4. Its probability- how likely is the reward, and how certain the price

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Action: Goal SettingAction: Goal Setting6 Steps to goal setting

1. Pick a goal2. List three behaviors3. Preparation4. My time commitment5. How I’ll measure my progress6. Reward

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Smart Model of Goal Setting Specific - A vague goal only has a slim chance of ever being realized. Measurable - A specific goal can be measured by answering questions that begin with 'how'. How much? How many? How long? Attainable - Setting challenging goals will make you grow. It will boost your self-esteem and create confidence. An attainable goal must be within the realm of reason - challenging, but reasonable.Realistic - A realistic goal is something that is realistic for you. You define what is realistic or not. The way to define what is realistic for you is to ask yourself if you are both willing and able to work persistently and tenaciously toward this goal. Timely - Your goal has to have a start and an end date. Without these boundaries around your goal, procrastination, the arch enemy of achievement, will sabotage your best efforts to attain a good goal.

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CommitmentCommitment

Commitment- a decision adhered to for the long-term, Commitment to a behavior depends on continued rewards from it

Will- a person’s intent which leads to action

Self-efficacy- a person’s belief in his or her ability to succeed at the task at hand