ROLE OF ARMED FORCES IN DISASTER MANAGEMENT

Brig Atesh Chahar, DACIDS (Op Lgs) & Secy DCMG,HQ IDS, Ministry of Defence

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Suitability for HADR Operations Institutional MechanismHADR OperationsAwareness - Area / Sub Area

HQsFuture HADR OperationsDiscussion Points

Suitability for HADR OperationsResources

Command & Control

Organisation Cohesion

Communications

Mobility

Logistics

Military Leadershi

p

•Response Status - Second Responder.•In Principle - Last In, First Out.•Always prepared and first to

respond.

Institutional Mechanism

IHQ of MoD (Army)

Air HQs (VB)

NDMA

IHQ of MoD (Navy)

MHA

Coast Guard

MEA

CAPF MoCA

MoS

DoE/Fin

MoOIA

About DCMG• Promulgated by MoD in May 2005.• Chief of Staffs Committee Joint Directive on Disaster

Management issued in Mar 10.• Mandate.• Deal with crises like terrorist outrages, war and

international situations, man-made / natural / CBRN disasters, cyber terrorism etc.

• Operations Branch, HQ IDS interacts with NDMA and other Nodal Ministries on behalf of Service HQs & CoSC.

• Integrated & coordinated response of Armed Forces during crisis / disaster situations.

• Notification / De-notification of DCMG• MoD (JS (G/Air) on approval from Def Secy).• By CISC in consultation with Chairman CoSC.

Composition of DCMGChairman Chief of Integrated Defence Staff, HQ IDSMembers DCIDS (Ops), HQ IDS

DG DIA, HQ IDSDG MO, IHQ of MoD (Army)DG NO, IHQ of MoD (Navy)DG Air Ops, Air HQ (Vayu Bhawan)DCIDS (Med), HQ IDSACIDS (Jt Ops), HQ IDSJS (G/Air), MoDJS (O/N), MoD

Secretary DACIDS (Op Lgs), HQ IDSAdditional members include Jt Secy of relevant Ministries, Resident Commissioners of affected States / UTs, reps of NDMA / NDRF on required basis

INDIA

ALASKA

USACHINA

Source: Living with Risk, UNISDR

INDONESIA

JAPAN

Disasters - Global Scenario

HADR by Indian Armed Forces

Bangladesh Cyclone- 2007• 165 T (4 x IL-76)

Sri Lanka Floods - 2009 & 2011• 100 Bedded Hospital & Medical Teams• Aid - US $ 1 Million (2 x IL-76)

Mayanmar Cyclone NARGIS - 2008• 224 T (2 x AN-32, 6 x IL-76 & 2

Ships)• Light Hospital & Medical teams

Pakistan Floods - 2008• Blankets & Mosquito

Nets• Medicines

USA ‘KATRINA’ - 2005• 22 T (1 x IL-76)

Philippines - 2006 & 2013• 28 T (1 x IL-76)• 15 T (1 x C-130)

Lebanon - 2006• 24 T (1 x IL-76)

China Earth Quake - 2008• 245 T (9 x IL-76)

Kyrgyzstan - 2010

• US $ 1 Mn• 2 x IL-76

Indonesia - 2006• 109 T (2 x IL-76 & 2

Ships)

India

China

Indonesia

Philippines

KyrgyzstanUSA

Sri Lanka

BangladeshPakistan

Myanmar

Lebanon

Terrain PeculiaritiesGlaciated AreasMountains - HAAValleysJunglesDesertsPlainsRiverineGhatsCoastal AreasIsland Territories

Earthquake - High Damage Risk Zones

Winds & Earthquake - High Damage Risk Zones

Earthquake & Floods - High Damage Risk Zones

Earthquake & Floods - Very High Damage Risk Zones

Earthquake - Very High Damage Risk Zones

Floods - Very High Damage Risk Zones

Multi Hazard Zones

Floods 26 Jul 2005

Tsunami 26 Dec 2004

Floods, Assam & Bihar 2004, 2007, 2008, 2012

Earthquake Uttarkashi, Oct 91 & Chamoli, Apr 99

Bhuj, Earthquake, 26 Jan 2001

J&K Avalanche Feb 2005

Earthquake, Latur, 30 Sep 1993

Tsunami 26 Dec 2004

Tsunami 26 Dec 2004

Bhopal Gas Disaster, Dec 1982

Earthquake, Oct 2005

Floods (AP & Karnataka) 2009

Floods, Uttar Pradesh, 1998, 2005, 2010, 2012, 2013

Cyclone Kutchh, 1998

Cyclone (A.P) 1992 & 1996, 13 Oct 13

Floods, Haryana 1993, 1996, 2013

Cloud burst, 2010 Flashfloods,

Uttarakhand & HP - 2013

Major Disasters (1980-2014)

Cyclone (Orissa) 29 Oct 1999, 13 Oct 13

3

3

5

1

2

2

Earthquake Sikkim Sep 20114

3

4

3

1

Tirupathi Forest Fire, 19 Mar 2014

1

Uttarkashi KedarnathBadrinath

Chamoli

Gangotri

Gaurikund

Bageshwar

Pithoragarh

Rudraprayag

Champawat

Meerut

Pauri

Nainital

Tehri

Haridwar

Almora

Udham Singh Nagar

JoshimathGupt Kashi

Muzaffarnagar

Uttarakhand Flash Floods - Jun 2013

Dehradun

Dharasu

Hanuman Chatti

•Formation breaches - 32.5 kms cumulative.•Landslides - 8.0 kms cumulative. •220 all types of bridges including 14 big bridges damaged / washed away.

One of the biggest rescue and relief operation undertaken by the Armed Forces. More than one lakh people evacuated by road and air.

• 40,000 Sq Km area, altitude > 10,000 ft.• 70,000 tourists & 100,000 locals affected.All 13 districts (1600 villages) affected. 680 people died, 4117 missing (presumably dead), 2000 houses damaged. 8800 livestock lost.

Kedarnath

Before After

Uttarkashi KedarnathBadrinath

ChamoliDehradun

Gangotri

Gaurikund

Bageshwar

Pithoragarh

Rudraprayag

Champawat

Meerut

Pauri

Nainital

Tehri

Haridwar

Almora

Udham Singh Nagar

JoshimathGupt Kashi

Dharasu

Hanuman Chatti

Muzaffarnagar

Ranikhet

Lansdowne

The Effort

DharchulaArmy8500 troops deployed, 14 heptrs of Army Aviation flew 730 sorties, approx 45,500 people rescued, BRO employed 125 plant equipment

Navy Two MARCO diving teams

AF45 Heptrs and 13 aircraft / 3700 Sorties895 Tons airlifted / 24260 stranded people air evacuated

More than 100,000 people rescued / evacuated on foot / tracks / roads in 14 days

•Medical Teams - 24•Psy Spl Team - 02•SHO Team - 01•Medical Bricks - 238

Army12 Army Columns, each with Medical Team, One Engr Task Force, MH

Navy Ships, Diving Teams, Heptrs and Transport aircraft

AF Heptrs and Transport aircraft

Cyclone PHAILIN - Oct 2013Odisha & Andhra

Pradesh

• Army. 10 composite columns deployed in Machlipatnam, Vizag, Kakinada, Elluru & Rajamundhary.• Navy. Assets prepared to operate

ex-Vizag including Ships, Diving Teams, Heptrs and ACs.• AF. Heptrs positioned at Vizag and

other assets kept stand-by ex-Sec’bad & Bangalore / Yelankah.• CG. Assets all along Eastern Coast.

Cyclone LEHAR - Nov 2013

•Input received in AN on 19 Mar.•Army. Two columns moved ex Chennai.•Navy. One fire fighting team and one Chetak heptr.•Air Force. One C-130J, two MI-17V5 & one Chetak heptr. Bambi buckets used to douse fire. 42 sorties flown over two days.•Operations completed on 21 Mar.

Forest Fire Mar 2014 - Tirupathi

• 15 Ton material dispatched by one C-130 Super Hercules.

• MsRE, tarpaulins, tentage, blankets and life saving medical care stores.

Cyclone HAIYAN (Philippines) - Nov 2013

Tacloban

5,000 feared dead, 11 Million affected

•SAR operations from 12 Mar.•4-5 surface vessels and 5-6 sorties per day in Indian Search Rescue Region.•20-23 Mar. One C-130J & one P-8i participated in MNF SAR ops ex Subang Airfield, Kaula Lumpur.

Malaysian Airliner MH370 - Mar 2014239 People on board (incl 12

crew, 151 Chinese and 5 Indians)

P8-I conducting SAR Sortie on 23 Mar 14

C-130J conducting SAR Sortie on 23 Mar 14

The High Commissioner received the crews after their sortie on 23 Mar 14

The High Commissioner and Brig Gen Manaf, the RMAF Base Commander with

crews and the DA

Udhampur

Srinagar

Pathankot

Jalandhar

Ambala

Meerut

Delhi

Bathinda

Jaipur

Lucknow

Allahabad

Bareilly

Dehradun

Raipur

Jabalpur

Danapur

Mumbai

Pune

Bhopal

Bangalore

Chennai

Secundrabad

Jodhpur

Kolkata

Narangi

Shillong

Bengdubi

Jorhat

•Awareness of Area / Sub Area HQ.•Liaison with Mil Cdr.•IS & Flood Schemes.•Availability of own stores & equipment.

Area HQ / Sub Area HQ

Future HADR Operations Require flexibility,

wider range of

capabilities and men & women of character

Commitment to work and strength to deliver is

dependant on values, ethos and dedication of soldiers

Moral ethical failures

could have strategic

implications

Military leadership

challenge is to infuse, permeate

and consolidate the bedrock of virtues

Government

Armed Forces

Other Stakeho

ldersUnity of Effort - Major Participants

Discussion PointsProcurement and storage of Disaster Relief Bricks - ease

of transportation

Provision of funds for equipping QRTs and

QRMTs - viable back up to NDRF CBRN capability

Coordination and Decision

Making process -

MHA, MEA, MoD & HQ IDS

THANK YOU