Head of Emperor Augustus

                                             

 

Figure 8.1 Two Portraits of Emperor Augustus. The left panel is from ca. 20 BCE when he was 36 years old. The right panel is from each in the first century CE when he was probably in his later 60s.

Augustus as General, from Primaporta, Italy. Marble, 203 cm high. Vatican Musuems, Rome

Augustus, Roman About 50 AD, Marble, 39 cm., Getty Museum

Figure 8.2 Two of the more than 90 Rembrandt self-portraits. The left panel was produced between 1629 and 1931 when he was about 24 years old. The right panel was produced in 1669, when he was 63, the year of his death.

Left panel: 1629, 42.8 x 33 cm, Oil on canvas, Museum of Art, The Clowes Fund Collection, Indianapolis. Right panel: 1669, 86 x 70.5 cm, Oil on canvas, National Gallery London

Figure 8.3 Two of the Picasso images of Dora Marr. Left panel: 1937, Etching; Right panel: 1941, Dora Maar au Chat, 128 x 95 cm, privately owned

Figure 8.4 from Tyler ( 1998) -- Top row, from left to right: Rogier van der Weyden (c. 1460), Sandro Botticelli (c. 1480), Leonardo Da Vinci (1505)Bottom row: Titian (Tiziano Vecellio; 1512), Peter-Paul Rubens (1622), Rembrandt van Rijn (1659)

Figure 8.5 from Martin-Malivel (2006). Examples of images shown to humans and baboons.

Top panel, top row. Example of a side view image of baboon, a frontal image of baboon, visual noise imposed on the side view of baboon, visual noise imposed on the frontal view of baboon. Top panel, bottom row. Example of side view of human, front view of human, visual noise plus side view of human, visual noise plus side view of human.

Bottom panel: Example of a human-baboon morph followed by the image with 3 different randomly generated noises imposed on the image. Depending on the visual noise, the morph might appear more human- or more baboon-like.

Figure 8.6 from Goffaux & Rossion – participants judged whether pairs of faces are the same or different. On half of the trials, the faces were inverted.

Top two panels: The pairs of faces differ by their configurations, either vertically (a) or horizontally.

Bottom two panels: The pairs of faces in the bottom two panels differ by their features, either (c ) eyes or (d) nose & mouth.

a

b

c

d

Figure 8.7. Examples of images shown to babies illustration the bias to look longer at top-heavy face-like images. In all the top pairs (a, b, c, d), the left was looked at longer by the infants than the right. In the bottom pairs (e, f), there was no statistical difference in the duration of looking at the pairs of images.

a from Johnson & Morton, 1991; b & c from Simion et al., 2002, d Cassia et al. 2004, e frm Simion et al. 2002, f from Cassia et al. 2004

ab

cd

e f

Figure 8.8. Making facial composites. (a) shows a frontal view of a face. (b) shows the left half of the face is blocked leaving the right side. This is combined with its mirror image to produce a composite face in the left panel of (c). In (c ), the left panel is the right-right composite, the middle panel is the original photograph, and the right panel is the left-left composite.

a b

c