HazCom 2012 Hazard Identification

Classification, Signal Words& Hazard Statements

Chemical manufacturers & importers must classify each chemical produced or imported. They must:• Determine the appropriate hazard classes & associated hazard

categories.• Base determination on evaluation of full range of available

data/evidence on the chemical (no testing required).• Utilize Appendix A for health hazard criteria & Appendix B for

physical hazard criteria.

Employers are not required to classify chemicals unless they choose not to rely on the classification performed by the chemical manufacturer or importer.• Must then have additional data/evidence on chemical to

substantiate different classification, especially lower classification.

Roles

Term used to indicate the intrinsically hazardous properties of chemicals.

Classification comprised of 3 steps:1. Identification of relevant data regarding the hazards of

a chemical;

2. Review of the data to ascertain the hazards associated with the chemical;

3. Determination of whether the chemical will be classified as hazardous and the degree of hazard.

“Hazard Classification”

Hazards divided first into one of three “hazard groups:1. Physical

2. Health

3. Environmental (Not regulated under OSHA, but by EPA)

Each hazard group is comprised of a “hazard class,” such as acute toxicity or carcinogenicity.

Most hazard classes also sub-divided into “hazard categories” to reflect degree of severity of effect.

This concept of “classification” is not only determining if there is a hazardous effect (carcinogenicity), but is also evaluating and ranking the severity of the effect (Category 1 or 2).

Process

Classification of mixtures is performed on a tiered approach.1st Choice

• Classify mixture based on test data available for the complete mixture.

2nd Choice• Use “bridging” principle, which is taking test data for

individual substances &/or ingredients comprising the mixture & use it to classify mixture.

3rd Choice• If no test data exist, & bridging principles won’t work, then

the method(s) described in each chapter of Appendix A of the HazCom 2012 standard for estimating hazards based on known information will be applied to classify the mixture (e.g., application of cut-off values/concentration limits).

Mixtures

Acute Toxicity Skin Corrosion/Irritation Serious Eye Damage/Eye Irritation Respiratory or Skin Sensitization Germ Cell Mutagenicity Carcinogenicity Reproductive Toxicity Specific Target Organ Toxicity – Single Exposure Specific Target Organ Toxicity – Repeated Exposure Aspiration Simple Asphyxiant

• Simple Asphyxiants is not one of 10 health hazards addressed in Appendix A, because not one of harmonized hazard classes in GHS. Since simple asphyxiants already covered under HazCom 1994, and OSHA didn’t want to diminish protections, simple asphyxiants have been addressed separately in final rule, with definition provided in paragraph (c) & required label elements provided in Appendix C.

Health Hazard Classes

Health Hazards CriteriaAppendix A of HazCom 2012

Explosives Flammable Gases Flammable Aerosols Oxidizing Gases Gases under Pressure

Compressed Gas

Liquefied Gas

Refrigerated Liquefied Gas

Dissolved Gas

Flammable Liquids Self-Reactive Chemicals

Pyrophoric Liquids Pyrophoric Solids Self-Heating Chemicals

Chemicals which, in Contact with Water, Emit Flammable Gases

Oxidizing Liquids Oxidizing Solids Organic Peroxides Corrosive to Metals Pyrophoric Gas Combustible Dusts

Physical Hazard Classes

OSHA tried to maintain scope of HazCom 1994 for Physical Hazards in GHS HazCom. Therefore, will notice list also includes pyrophoric gases & combustible dusts.• Definition for pyrophoric gas contained in paragraph (c) & label elements presented in Appendix C.• Combustible dust definition provided in Combustible Dust NEP (Directive CPL 03-000-008). Guidance

on hazard provided using existing documents, including those on OSHA’s webpage. In addition there are number of voluntary consensus standards (NFPA) that address combustible dust.

Physical Hazards CriteriaAppendix B of HazCom 2012

Example of Criteria Information - Simple

Example of Criteria Information - Complex

Example of Criteria Information - Complex

Example of Criteria Information - Complex

Appendix C – Allocation of Label Elements

Appendix C – Allocation of Label Elements

As a result of HazCom 2012 other OSHA Standards required revision to bring them into alignment with content of HazCom 2012.

1910.106 – Flammable & Combustible Liquids1910.107 – Spray Finishing Using Flammable & Combustible

Materials1910.119 – Process Safety Management of Highly Hazardous

Chemicals1910.120 – Hazardous Waste Operations & Emergency

Response1910.123 to 1910.125 – Dipping & Coating Operations

Revisions to Other Standards

1910.106 Revisions

Groups Physical Health

Classes Acute Toxicity Skin Corrosion/Irritation Serious Eye Damage/Eye Irritation Respiratory or Skin Sensitization Germ Cell Mutagenicity Carcinogenicity Reproductive Toxicity Specific Target Organ Toxicity – Single

Exposure Specific Target Organ Toxicity – Repeated

Exposure Aspiration Explosives Flammable Gases Flammable Aerosols Oxidizing Gases Gases under Pressure

Compressed Gas Liquefied Gas Refrigerated Liquefied Gas Dissolved Gas

Flammable Liquids Self-Reactive Chemicals Pyrophoric Liquids Pyrophoric Solids Self-Heating Chemicals

Chemicals which, in Contact with Water, Emit Flammable Gases

Oxidizing Liquids Oxidizing Solids Organic Peroxides Corrosive to Metals Pyrophoric Gas Combustible Dusts

Signal Words Hazard Statement Pictogram Changes to Other Standards

Summary

Flammable liquid – Category 21910.1200 Appendix B – Physical Criteria, section B.6.2Criteria: Flash pt <23°C & initial boiling pt >35°C

1910.1200 Appendix C – Allocation of Label Elements, section C.4.19Signal Word: DangerHazard Statement: Highly flammable liquid & vapor

Pictogram:

Precautionary Statements: Keep away from heat/sparks/open flames/hot surfaces.– No smoking.Others as needed

Exercise

Specific Target Organ Toxicity, Single Exposure – Category 31910.1200 Appendix A – Health Hazard Criteria, section A.8Criteria: Transient target organ effects….

1910.1200 Appendix C – Allocation of Label Elements, section C.4.11Signal Word: WarningHazard Statement: May cause respiratory irritation; or May cause drowsiness or dizziness

Pictogram:

Precautionary Statements: Avoid breathing dust/fume/gas/mist/ vapors/spray.Others as needed

Exercise