Hazardous Waste Storage, Transportation, and Disposal

HW Transporters

A hazardous waste transporter under Subtitle C is any person engaged in the off-site transportation of hazardous waste within the United States, if such transportation requires a manifest.

Regulated by EPA and DOT

Transporter Requirements

Obtain an EPA ID numberComply with the manifest systemProperly handle hazardous waste

discharges

Storage Facility

Holding hazardous waste for a temporary period, after which the hazardous waste is treated, disposed of, or stored elsewhere

Treatment Facility

Any method, technique, or process designed to physically, chemically, or biologically change the nature of a hazardous waste

Disposal Facility

The discharge, deposit, injection, dumping, spilling, leaking, or placing of any solid or hazardous waste on or in the land or water. A disposal facility is any site where hazardous waste is intentionally placed and where the waste will remain after a TSDF stops operation.

Regulatory Requirements of TSD Facilities Meet general facility standards Preparedness and prevention requirements Contingency plans and emergency

procedure provisions Manifest, recordkeeping, and reporting

requirements. Closure and postclosure (financial

assurance) Groundwater monitoring

Land Disposal RequirementsProhibits the land disposal of hazardous

waste that has not been adequately treated to reduce the threat posed to human health and the environment

Prohibits dilution of hazardous waste to circumvent proper treatment

Prohibits indefinite storage of untreated hazardous waste other than the accumulation of quantities necessary for effective treatment or disposal

Treatment

Best Demonstrated Available Technology (BDAT)– Treatment standards, or– Technology

Universal Treatment StandardsA universal treatment standard is a

single concentration limit established for a specific constituent regardless of the waste matrix in which it is present,

i.e., the same treatment standard applies to a particular constituent in each waste code in which it is regulated

Two different sets of universal treatment standards– for nonwastewater forms of waste – FOR wastewater forms of waste.

Example: BDAT for Wood Preserving Wastes Universal treatment standards for the regulation of

listed hazardous wastes identified as F032, F034, and F035.UTS

Treatment standard alternative of combustion for the regulation of Dioxin and Furan (D/F) constituents in F032

Based on slag vitrification and stabilization/solidification treatment performance data for nonwastewaters

Based on (1) pretreatment steps such as oil separation, pH adjustment, chemical precipitation/clarification, and equalization (2) biological treatment processes with acclimation of microorganisms to the concentrations of pentachlorophenol, PCDD, PCDF, and metals; or (3) the addition of a carbon adsorption polishing

Subtitle C Regulated Treatment/Disposal Facilities Containers/Containment Buildings Drip Pads Land Treatment Units Landfills Surface Impoundments Tanks Waste Piles Miscellaneous Units (salt domes formations,

underground mines, and underground caves) Combustion