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Iowa Pest Resistance Management Program

www.ProtectIowaCrops.org

Harrison County, Iowa

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Introducing Larry Buss

• Engineer/Farmer• Harrison Project Lead • President of

Harrison/Crawford County Corn Growers Association

• Director, Iowa Corn Promotion Board

• Iowa Master Farmer• 74 years young

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Harvest - 1972

1972 harvest-hay

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Harvest - 2019

2019 harvest-corn, beans

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Pest Resistance Leads to Reduced Profitability

• Larger farmer interest• Old farmer interest

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Where is Harrison County?

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Perspectives and History in Harrison County

• 50s and 60s• Corn

o Full tillageo 2, 4-D herbicideo Insectso Plant disease

• Soybeanso Full tillageo Herbicide

1950s 1960s

o Insectso Plant disease

• Weedso Velvetleaf, sunflower, cocklebur,

pigweed, grasses

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Perspectives and History in Harrison County

• 70s and 80s• Corn

o Full tillage (70s) and transition to minimum or no-till (80s) tillage practices

o More herbicide optionso Insectso Plant disease

• Soybeanso Full tillage (70s) and transition to

minimum or no-till (80s) tillage practiceso More herbicide optionso Recirculating sprayer (70s) Weed wiper

(80s)o Insects o Plant disease

• Weedso Same as past + shattercane

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Perspectives and History in Harrison County

• 90s• Corn

o Minimum to no-till tillage practiceso More reliance on herbicides o Plant disease o Insects

• Soybeanso Minimum to no-till tillage practiceso More reliance on herbicides and glyphosate introduced

First resistance noticed-Pursuito Plant disease o Insects

• Weedso Transition to more waterhempo Shattercane

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Perspectives and History in Harrison County• 2000s• Corn

o Minimum to more no-till tillage practiceso More reliance on herbicides (glyphosate introduced)o Plant disease o Insects

• Soybeanso Minimum to no-till tillage practiceso First resistance noticed to glyphosateo Plant disease o Insects

• Weedso More waterhempo Marestail and grasseso Less shattercaneo Too broad of application

glyphosate – corn and soybeans Low cost but resistance accelerated

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• 2010-Today

• Corn and Soybeanso Minimum and no-till tillage practices/full tillage

returningo Glyphosate resistance issues increasingo More herbicide resistanceo Increased herbicide costso Plant disease issueso Insects

• Weedso Waterhemp, marestail, giant ragweed, Palmer

amaranth, grass

Perspectives and History in Harrison County

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Palmer in Harrison County

o Discovered in 2013o Farmer’s attitudes o Raise awarenesso Eradicate

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Harrison County and the Iowa Initiative

• Jan 2015 meeting facilitated by Iowa Department of Agriculture and Land Stewardship and Iowa State Universityo Recognition of the need for collaborative efforts to combat weed

resistance

• In Harrison County…o Fall 2015: Palmer amaranth went to seedo 2016: local effort to change noxious weed lawo Palmer amaranth found in CRP seedingso 2017: Palmer amaranth added to Iowa noxious weed law

• Launch Iowa Pest Resistance Management Program January 2017o Bill Northey, Iowa Secretary of Agriculture, o John Lawrence, Associate Dean, College of Agriculture and Life Scienceso Larry Buss, farmer, Harrison County

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• Pest resistance management (PRM) is the effort to slow the evolution of pest adaptation to chemical, genetic, and agronomic control practices.

• Major tenants• Voluntary• Prevent too broad of application• Adaptive management • Preserve viability of pest management technologies and

farm profitability for the long term

Why the Iowa Pest Resistance Management Program (IPRMP)?

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IPRMP Pilot Projects

• Western Corn Rootworm in Northeast Iowa• Soybean Aphid in Northwest Iowa• Palmer amaranth in Southwest Iowa• Waterhemp in Central Iowa

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• Harrison County team formation began (Feb/March 2017)

• Reduced yield • Increased cost• Both• Ultimate reduced profitability

Harrison County Team Formation Began Due to Pest Resistance

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Current Harrison County Team

Larry BussFarmer – Iowa Corn

Jason SporrerAgriland FS, agronomist

Greg ChristensenMid-States Bank

(lender)

Todd CohrsFCSA, lender

Carter OliverISU Harrison County Ext.

Matt Handbury

Heartland COOP, agronomist

Mike DickinsonFarmer, Farm

Bureau

John SwalwellAsgrow/Dekalb,

business representative

Brent Wiersma

BASF, business representative

Mike WittIowa State University, agronomist

Jacque PohlIowa State University

(Entomology)

David CooperISU Extension Council Chair,

farmer

Steve BradburyIowa State

University, NREM

Paul LasleyIowa State University (sociology)

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• Engage the entire community

• Provide focus on PRM

• Change the mindset

• Include PRM in all cropping decisions

• Scout versus just spray a pesticide

Harrison County Project Goals

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• Survey conducted of current management practices and pest resistance issues

• Weed seed collection and laboratory testing for resistance

• Field trials• Field days• Outreach

Harrison County Project Activities

2020

• WeedsoWaterhempo Palmer amarantho RagweedoMarestail

• Plant diseaseo Frog-eye leaf spot

Waterhemp Palmer Giant ragweed

Harrison County Team Focus

Marestail Frogeye leaf spot

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Postcard Survey

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Weed Survival (%)

Sample Location Species Roundup (9) Cobra (14) Callisto (27)1 NE of Logan Waterhemp 60 35 --2 NW of Logan Waterhemp 36 75 --3 SE of Logan Waterhemp 67 10 --4 SE of Logan Waterhemp 75 10 --5 S of Modale Waterhemp 59 100 --6 SW of Modale Palmer amaranth 60 0 1007 SW of Modale Palmer amaranth 20 0 308 W of Logan Giant ragweed 23 0 --

9W of Missouri Valley Giant ragweed 21 -- 100

10NW of Mondamin Giant ragweed 78 -- --

0 = Susceptible 100 = 100% Resistant

Laboratory Testing Seed Resistance Results

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Tillage Treatments

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No-Till Treatments

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Outreach• 2018 EPA Tour• 2019 Science Policy Experience• Media articles

o Missouri Valley Times-News o Entomology Todayo Wallaces Farmero Farm Bureau Spokesmano KMA Ag Magazineo Iowa State University IPM and

College of Ag and Life Sciences websites

• Handouts & brochure

• Speaking eventso Field days o Pre-Harvest Crop Fairo Extension events

• Video summary of field day

• Website www.protectiowacrops.org

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8 Things learned from Harrison County Pest Resistance Management Project

1. The importance of local leaders in identifying the need for group action

2. Diversity of interests represented: producers, agribusiness suppliers, commodity and farm organization representatives, lenders, crop consultants, ISU Extension

3. Recognition that unchecked pests will eventually reduce yields and profits

4. Acceptance of ownership and existence of the pest resistance issues without using blame to avoid issue. Its our problem….collective ownership.

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5. Pest resistance emerged over the years, and it will take passion and persistence to slow increasing trends6. Strong orientation to the future of farming in Harrison County—what will succeeding generation inherit?7. Attention to team building—all team members’ ideas are equal, sense of ownership8. Hands on experience, personal observations and outreach activities are important

8 Things learned from Harrison County Pest Resistance Management Project

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Questions?