Harold “Kim” Philby• Joined the British

Communist Party in 1933

• . . . worked as a journalist, then joined British intelligence (MI-6).

• . . . served as a spy for the Soviet Union.

• . . . then defected to the Soviet Union.

Democratic Party 3-way split, 1948

Strom Thurmond and the Dixiecrats

Henry Wallace and the Progressive Party

Incumbent Harry Truman

ThePresidential

election of 1948

0

5,000,000

10,000,000

15,000,000

20,000,000

25,000,000

Popular vote

Truman (24.1million)Dewey (21.9million)Thurmond (1.6million)Wallace (1.1 million)

Thomas (139,000)

Tom Dewey

The U.S. Communist Party

• 1917, February and October Revolutions

• 1920 U.S. Communist Party formed

• 1933 Popular Front period

• 1939 anti-intervention

• 1941 pro-intervention

Mr. Potato Head• Invented in

Rhode Island in 1952.

• Manufacturers didn’t like the

idea at first, were afraid parents

wouldn’t want to waste food.

• Plastic parts made item

cheaper, then just add a potato

(or any vegetable for that matter).

Barbie, 1959

The Kitchen Debate, 1959

Players:Vice President

Richard Nixon vs.

Soviet Premier

Nikita Khruschev

(with future Premier

Brezhnev on the right)

Starring:Leonard Bernstein

Lee J. Cobb

Aaron Copland

Dashiell Hammett

Lena Horne

Langston Hughes

Burl Ives

Gypsy Rose Lee

Burgess Meredith

Arthur Miller

Zero Mostel

Edward G. Robinson

Pete Seeger

William L. Shirer

Orson Welles

The Smith Act (1940) and the McCarran Act (1950)

• Smith Act: "Whoever knowingly or willfully advocates, abets, advises, or teaches the duty, necessity, desirability, or propriety of overthrowing or destroying the government of the United States . . . by force or violence . . .

• . . . shall be fined under this title or imprisoned not more than twenty years, or both . . . ”

• McCarran Act: illegal to conspire to act in a way that will "substantially contribute" to the establishment of a totalitarian dictatorship in America

McCarthy era movies• The Caine Mutiny,

1955– Based on the Herman

Wouk novel. The movie required

permission from The Navy to be released!• From Here to Eternity,

1953, a novel cleaned up for The Army!

– Houses of prostitution turned into USO clubs!

– In the novel the sadistic head of the Army prison is promoted!

– In the film he gets fired!– In the novel one adulterous Army

wife suffers from venereal disease!

– In the movie she has a miscarriage!• On the Waterfront, 1954

Elia Kazan

Four excuses for ratting on your friends:

1. American communists silently approved of Soviet oppression

2. Communism is bad and needed to be exposed

3. They would have turned on me if they had the chance

4. Communists had power over Hollywood scripts

Father John Coughlin of Detroit

Reverend Billy Graham

Fox news poll, 2005:

90% believe in God

87% believe in heaven

84% miracles

74% hell

67% Devil

Going to church (regularly):

1920: 43%

1940: 49%

1950: 55%

1956: 62%

1960: 70% (almost)