harmful algal blooms
DESCRIPTION
Harmful Algal Blooms. photo by Diane Straw. Juli Dyble Bressie. Partners. Richard Stumpf (NOAA/NOS) Shelly Tomlinson (NOAA/NOS) David Millie (USF) Richard Rediske (GVSU ) Lorrie Backer (CDC) Pat Tester (NOAA/NOS) Wayne Litaker (NOAA/NOS) Greg Boyer (SUNY-Syracuse) - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Great Lakes Environmental Research Laboratory Review – Ann Arbor, MI November 15-18, 2010 1
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Harmful Algal Blooms
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Juli Dyble Bressie
Great Lakes Environmental Research Laboratory Review – Ann Arbor, MI November 15-18, 2010 2
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Partners
Richard Stumpf (NOAA/NOS)
Shelly Tomlinson (NOAA/NOS)
David Millie (USF)
Richard Rediske (GVSU)
Lorrie Backer (CDC)
Pat Tester (NOAA/NOS)
Wayne Litaker (NOAA/NOS)
Greg Boyer (SUNY-Syracuse)
Steve Wilhelm (U. Tennessee)
Orlando Sarnelle (Michigan State U)
Alan Wilson (Auburn University)
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Center of Excellence for Great Lakes and Human Health
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• Degrade water quality (hypoxia, taste/odor, recreational value)• Alter food webs (large amount of biomass; often not grazed)• Toxin production (neurotoxins, hepatotoxins, dermatotoxins)
Microcystis sp.
Concerns
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Harmful Algal Bloom and Hypoxia Research and Control Act Mandate for NOAA to advance scientific understanding and ability to detect,
monitor, assess, predict, control, and mitigate HABs and hypoxia events
Legislative Mandate
Distribution of HABs
in the US
From Judy Kleindinst, WHOI
1998 • First authorized
by Congress
2004• Reauthorized
and expanded
2010• HABHRCA 2004
expires
• House passed HABHRCA 2010
• Senate vote in Fall
Great Lakes Environmental Research Laboratory Review – Ann Arbor, MI November 15-18, 2010 5
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Legislative Mandate
Objective: Improved coastal water qualitysupporting human health and coastal ecosystem
servicesOver the next five years, evidence of progress toward this objective will include:
• Greater understanding of the effects of natural and human-induced contaminants on the health of humans and marine life;
• Reduced impacts to human health and ecosystem
services due to degraded water quality;
• Faster detection of sediments and contaminants in coastal waters;
• Accelerated recovery and restoration of coastal resources and revitalization of coastal communities through improved water quality.
Great Lakes Environmental Research Laboratory Review – Ann Arbor, MI November 15-18, 2010 6
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Lake Erie
LakeHuron
Lake Ontario
SaginawBay
Lake Superior
Lak
e M
ichi
gan
HABs in the Great Lakes
Drinking water supply for 40 million US and Canadian citizens
Over 500 beaches for swimming and recreation
Seafood supply
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Modeling
Goals
Limnological
Experimental
Molecular
Remote sensing
1. Understand the ecological factors controlling bloom growth and toxicity
2. Develop to capacity to detect and predict toxic HAB blooms in order to protect human health
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Key Scientific Questions
1. What are the ecological factors that control the initiation, growth, intensity and toxicity of Microcystis blooms in the Great Lakes?
2. What is the potential for human exposure to cyanotoxins in the Great Lakes?
3. How do we protect human and ecological health from the impacts of HABs in the Great Lakes?
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1. Long-term monitoring of Microcystis, microcystin and key environmental factors
Phot
o by
Dia
ne S
traw
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Mic
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stis
(x
106 μ
m3
L-1)
TP (μg L-1)
0 17 34 51
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TEMP (oC)
200
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34170
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513417 5134 68
What are the ecological factors that control the initiation, growth, intensity and toxicity of Microcystis blooms in the Great Lakes?
Great Lakes Environmental Research Laboratory Review – Ann Arbor, MI November 15-18, 2010 10
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What are the ecological factors that control the initiation, growth, intensity and toxicity of Microcystis blooms in the Great Lakes?
Novel genetic characterization of blooms
from Pearson et al 2004
M
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Yellow perch, Perca flavescens
What is the potential for human exposure to cyanotoxins in the Great Lakes?
1) 2
2) Field and lab studies of microcystin accumulation in fish
2) Microcystin in drinking water supplies of Lake Erie island communities
Western Lake Erie perch (2006)
Conservative limit for microcystin in fish tissues:
9.5 ng microcystin g-1
Phot
o by
Tom
Joyc
e
Great Lakes Environmental Research Laboratory Review – Ann Arbor, MI November 15-18, 2010 12
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Lake Erie as Drinking Water Supply
Toledo
Oregon
Pelee Island
Kelley’s Island
Middle Bass
South Bass
Catawba
Sandusky
MarbleheadPt. Clinton
Huron
Camp Perry
Vermilion
Avon Lake
Lorain
Elyria
MO
DIS
imag
ery,
Coa
stW
atch
, GLE
RL,
7 O
ct 2
007
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How do we protect human and ecological health from the impacts of HABs in the Great Lakes?
Lake Erie Experimental HAB Forecast SystemSource data: HAB density and distribution from MERIS
imagery
Circulation Model: Great Lakes Forecast System, POM-based
Transport: particle tracking model (GNOME) predict bloom position in 2-3 days
Field validation: Measuring Microcystis distribution in western Erie along w/ key environmental variables
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Erie Harmful Algal Bloom Forecast
Conditions: A Microcystis bloom has been identified in Maumee Bay, extending north to Brest Bay
Analysis: Imagery indicates a large cyanobacterial bloom persists in western Lake Erie. Field counts suggest the bloom is dominated by Anabaena with low to very low concentrations of Microcystis present.
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Users of Lake Erie HAB Bulletin
• Lake Erie Water Utilities: Toledo, South Bass Island, Kelley’s Island, Cleveland, American Water, NE Ohio Regional Sewer District
• Health Departments: Monroe, Toledo, Port Clinton
• Beach Managers: Cleveland Metro Parks
• State and City Governments: Ohio DNR, Ohio EPA, Cities of Huron, Monroe, Sandusky, Lorain, Oregon, Cleveland, Luna Pier
• Academics: University of Toledo, University of Michigan, Heidelberg University
• Private Citizens
Phot
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chan
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Future Work
• Real time data from buoy-based sensors– nutrients – phycocyanin, chlorophyll a– microcystin– Microcystis-specific molecular probes
• Ecological model to better predict bloom dynamics and toxicity – part of HAB forecast
• Operational HAB forecast for western Erie and Saginaw Bay (Lake Huron)
• Continue to combine genetic and ecological approaches to better understand HAB growth and toxicity
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Phot
o by
Tom
Arc
her