hardware basics
DESCRIPTION
Hardware Basics. Professor Pepper. Major Objectives. Microprocessor RAM ROM BIOS Motherboard Storage (CD, DVD, Hard Drive, Floppy, Zip, Jump, Tape) Expansion slots and ports Monitor. Computer Desktop Shopping. Dell website Comp USA Buy.com. Microprocessor theory. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Hardware BasicsProfessor Pepper
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Major ObjectivesMicroprocessorRAMROM BIOSMotherboardStorage (CD, DVD, Hard Drive, Floppy, Zip,
Jump, Tape)Expansion slots and portsMonitor
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Computer Desktop Shopping
Dell website
Comp USA
Buy.com
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Microprocessor theory Clock time (x mhz, x ghz) Word size (x bit) Cache (l1 in chip; l2 close; l3 less close) Instruction set (categories:CISC, RISC; architectures:
IA64,IA-32) Hyper-threading Many processors inside one processor Many separate processors on one board Manufacturer See moodle’s useful sites – hardware for updates
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Microprocessors on the market Intel
i-3, i-5, i-7 Intel Core2 Duo; Extreme; Quad Pentium dual-core; Pentium 1- 4; Pentium M: laptop Celeron : budget
AMD Athlon II X4 Phenom; Turion; Opteron : current Athlon X64 ; old premier Duron, Sempron : old budget
Transmeta Crusoe – tablet
Motorola Power PC – MAC no longer used in mac since OS 10.7
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Microprocessor high needs
3-D animated computer gamesDesktop publishingVideo editing
Upgrading later is usually not cost-effective
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RAMRandom Access MemoryLose it when computer offLike your head’s short term memoryMain measurement is size (Gb, Mb)More than cache, much less than hard driveSpeed (Mhz)Has a type: RDRAM; SDRAM; DDRRAMExpandable limits
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ROM BIOS & CMOSROM BIOS
Read only memory to start up your system No relation to CD-ROM
CMOS Basic hardware path settings Programmable Very low battery needed
Neither usually effect your purchase
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Motherboard
Traffic copEverything connects to itHard disk to RAM to CPU via busMotherboard chipset moves data faster800 MHZ bus last year to
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Storage Introduction
CD, DVD, Hard Drive, Floppy, Zip, Tape, flash drive
Media – holds the data Device - writes and reads the data
• Need drive bays • Need expansion slots
Measures• Versatility of drive• Durability• Speed• Capacity
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DevicesDevice Size Comments
Floppy 1.4 MB Easily damaged; Zip 750 MB Special drivesCD 680 MBDVD 8.5 GB 4.7 single layerBlu-Ray 50GB 100GB in prototype
HD-DVD 30GB 45 GB prototype
Hard disk 80 GB++ Not very portable; quick access; possible crash
Tape 200 GB++ Slow to read; quick to write; sequential
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Hard disk - Magnetic
Notebook – Space Controller
Serial ATA Ultra ATA – 2 x EIDE (UDMA data transfer) EIDE - old SCSI – fast, but expensive
MemorySudden Death – backupSpeed (RPM) vs Access Time (MS)GOOD MOVIE or Hard Disk to RAM
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CD / DVD - OpticalAccess speed – 2x, 24x or kb/secCD-ROM (read only) – just readCD-R(ecordable) – write once ;read by allCD-RW (read /write) – write a lot; read by fewSame for DVD, but it has +/- formats
DVD-RAM : video editingBlu-Ray (Sony, Samsung, Sharp, Thomson,
Hitachi, Matsushita, Pioneer and Philips, Mistubishi and LG Electronics ; supported by Warner Bros.)*
HD-DVD (AOD) (Toshiba and NEC; supported by Paramount and Universal ) *
* Blue Violet Rays insteadof RedLINK TO INFO ON HD-DVD
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Solid State StorageUSB Flash Card Key chain 32 – 512 mb
Compact Flash Card
Camera 8 mb – 1 gb
Multi-media cards Digital camera 32-256 mb
Secure Digital card Mp3 player 32-16 mb
Smart Media (no controller needed, but not
durable)
32-128 mb
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Pointing Devices
Track padTrack ballMousePointing stick (the red knob on a laptop)
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Expansion Slots
ISA – old / modemsPCI –graphics, sound, video, modem, NICACP – graphicsPCMCIA – laptop
Type I – memory Type II – modem, sound, nic Type III – hard drive or two of the other
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Expansion PortsDevice plug Often on expansion card (in expansion slot)Types
Serial – mouse or modem Parallel – printer; external drive USB – lots SCSI – disk drive; cd rom; scanner; tape backup IEEE (firewire) – video camera; DVD player VGA - monitor
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MonitorsGraphics card to give a boostCRT (large, all angles, smaller screen, cheaper) /
LCD (small, full screen) / Plasma (expensive)Resolution – dp (dot pitch –smaller is better)Viewable image sizeColor depth or bit depth (true color is 24)Graphics card
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Terminology
www.webopedia.comwww.hyperdictionary.comMany others
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Diagram
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Computer Desktop Shopping
Dell websiteComp USABuy.comPC purchase exerciseTextbook purchase exercise