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Southeast Asia orSoutheastern Asia is a subregion of Asia, consisting of the countries that are

geographically south of China, east of India and north of Australia. The region lies on the

intersection of geological plates, with heavy seismic and volcanic activity.

Southeast Asia consists of two geographic regions: the Asian mainland, and island arcs and

archipelagoes to the east and southeast. The mainland section consists of Burma (Myanmar),Cambodia, Laos, Thailand, Vietnam and Peninsular Malaysia while the maritime section consists

of Brunei, East Timor, Indonesia, East Malaysia, Papua New Guinea, the Philippines, andSingapore.

Austronesian peoples predominate in this region. The major religions are Buddhism and Islam,

followed by Christianity. However a wide variety of religions are found throughout the region,including many Hindu and animist-influenced practices.

Political

Definitions of "Southeast Asia" vary, but most definitions include the area represented by thecountries:

Brunei

Burma (Myanmar)

Cambodia

East Timor

Indonesia

Laos

Malaysia

Papua New Guinea

Philippines

Singapore

Thailand

Vietnam

All of the above excluding East Timor are members of the Association of Southeast Asia

Nations (commonly abbreviated ASEAN.) The area, together with part ofSouth Asia, was

widely known as the East Indies or simply the Indies until the twentieth century. Christmas

Island and the Cocos (Keeling) Islandsare considered part of Southeast Asia though they aregoverned by Australia. Taiwan is sometimes considered part of Southeast Asia as well as East

Asia but it is not a member of ASEAN. Sovereignty issues exist over some islands in the South

China Sea. Papua is politically part of Southeast Asia through Indonesia, although
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geographically it is often considered as part ofOceania. As of 2009, Papua New Guinea has

stated that it might join ASEAN, indicating a possible switch in its geographic locale

Southeast Asia is geographically divided into two subregions, namely Mainland Southeast Asia(orIndochina) and the Maritime Southeast Asia(or the Malay Archipelago) (Indonesian

language: Nusantara).

Mainland Southeast Asia includes:

Burma (Myanmar)

Cambodia

Laos

Thailand

Vietnam

Peninsular Malaysia

Maritime Southeast Asiaincludes:

East Malaysia

Brunei

East Timor

Indonesia

Philippines

Singapore

The eastern parts of Indonesia and East Timor (east ofWallace Line) are considered to be

geographically parts of Oceania.

The Andaman and Nicobar Islandsof India are geographically considered part of Southeast Asia.

The Seven Sister States in India is culturally part of Southeast Asia and sometimes considered

both South Asian and Southeast Asian. Hainan Island and several othersouthern Chineseregions

such as Yunnan, Guizhou and Guangxi are considered both East Asian and Southeast Asian.

Taiwan, which sits on the Tropic of Cancer and borders the South China Sea, is likewise oftenincluded in definitions of Southeast Asia as well as East Asia. Therest of New Guineais

sometimes included so are Palau,Guam, and theNorthern Mariana Islands, which were all partof the Spanish East Indies.

Solheim and others have shown evidence for a Nusantao (Nusantara) maritime trading network

ranging from Vietnam to the rest of the archipelago as early as 5000 BCE to 1 CE. [9]The peoples

of Southeast Asia, especially those ofAustronesian descent, have been seafarers for thousands of
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oceaniahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mainland_Southeast_Asiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indochinahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maritime_Southeast_Asiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maritime_Southeast_Asiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malay_Archipelagohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indonesian_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indonesian_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nusantarahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mainland_Southeast_Asiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burma_(Myanmar)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cambodiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laoshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thailandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vietnamhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peninsular_Malaysiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maritime_Southeast_Asiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maritime_Southeast_Asiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/East_Malaysiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bruneihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/East_Timorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indonesiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Singaporehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wallace_Linehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andaman_and_Nicobar_Islandshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andaman_and_Nicobar_Islandshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Asianhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hainan_Islandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Southern_Chinahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Southern_Chinahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yunnanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guizhouhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guangxihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/East_Asianhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taiwanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/East_Asiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Papua_New_Guineahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Papua_New_Guineahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Papua_New_Guineahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palauhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guamhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guamhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northern_Mariana_Islandshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northern_Mariana_Islandshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spanish_East_Indieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vietnamhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Southeast_Asia#cite_note-8http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Southeast_Asia#cite_note-8http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Austronesianhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oceaniahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mainland_Southeast_Asiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indochinahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maritime_Southeast_Asiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malay_Archipelagohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indonesian_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indonesian_languagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nusantarahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mainland_Southeast_Asiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burma_(Myanmar)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cambodiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laoshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thailandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vietnamhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peninsular_Malaysiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maritime_Southeast_Asiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/East_Malaysiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bruneihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/East_Timorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indonesiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Singaporehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wallace_Linehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andaman_and_Nicobar_Islandshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Asianhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hainan_Islandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Southern_Chinahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yunnanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guizhouhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guangxihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/East_Asianhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taiwanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/East_Asiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Papua_New_Guineahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palauhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guamhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northern_Mariana_Islandshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spanish_East_Indieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vietnamhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Southeast_Asia#cite_note-8http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Austronesian


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years, some reaching the island ofMadagascar. Their vessels, such as the vinta, were ocean-

worthy. Magellan's voyage records how much more maneuvreable their vessels were, as

compared to the European ships.[10]

Passage through the Indian Ocean aided the colonization of Madagascar by the Austronesian

people, as well as commerce between West Asia and Southeast Asia. Gold from Sumatra isthought to have reached as far west as Rome, while slaves from the Sulu Sea was believed to

have been used in Magellan's voyage as a translator.

Originally most people were animist. This was later replaced by Brahmanic Hinduism.

Theravada Buddhism soon followed in 525. In 1400s, Islamic influences began to enter. This

forced the last Hindu court in Indonesia to retreat to Bali.

In Mainland Southeast Asia, Myanmar, Cambodia and Thailand retained the Theravada form ofBuddhism, brought to them from Sri Lanka. This type of Buddhism was fused with the Hindu-

influenced Khmer culture.

The climate in Southeast Asia is mainly tropicalhot and humid all year round with plentiful

rainfall. Southeast Asia has a wet and dry season caused by seasonal shift in winds ormonsoon.The tropical rain belt causes additional rainfall during the monsoon season. The rain forest is the

second largest on earth (with the Amazon being the largest). An exception to this type of climate

and vegetation is the mountain areas in the northern region, where high altitudes lead to mildertemperatures and drier landscape. Other parts fall out of this climate because they are desert like.

Countries in Southeast Asia practice many different religions. MainlandSoutheast Asian

countries, which are, Thailand, Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar, and Vietnam practice

predominantly Buddhism.Singapore is also predominantly Buddhist. Ancestor worship and

Confucianism is also widely practised in Vietnam and Singapore. In Maritime Southeast Asia,people living in Malaysia, western Indonesia and Brunei practice mainly Islam.Christianity is

predominant in the Philippines, eastern Indonesia and East Timor. The Philippines has the largestRoman Catholic population followed very distantly by Vietnam. East Timoris also

predominantly Roman Catholic due to a history of Portuguese rule.

Religions and peoples are diverse in Southeast Asia and not one country is homogeneous. In the

world's most populous Muslim nation, Indonesia, Hinduism is dominant on islands such as Bali.Christianity also predominates in Philippines,New Guinea and Timor. Pockets of Hindu

population can also be found around Southeast Asia in Singapore, Malaysia etc. Garuda

(Sanskrit: Garu a), the phoenix who is the mount (vahanam) ofVishnu, is a national symbol in

both Thailand and Indonesia; in the Philippines, gold images of Garuda have been found onPalawan; gold images of other Hindu gods and goddesses have also been found on Mindanao.

Balinese Hinduism is somewhat different from Hinduism practiced elsewhere, as Animism and

local culture is incorporated into it. Christians can also be found throughout Southeast Asia; theyare in the majority in East Timor and the Philippines, Asia's largest Christian nation. In addition,

there are also older tribal religious practices in remote areas ofSarawakin East Malaysia and

Papua in eastern Indonesia. In Myanmar, Sakka (Indra) is revered as a nat. In Vietnam,
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madagascarhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vintahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ferdinand_Magellanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Southeast_Asia#cite_note-Bergreen.L_Magellan-9http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_Oceanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Austronesian_peoplehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Austronesian_peoplehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/West_Asiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sumatrahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slaveshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sulu_Seahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Magellan%27s_voyage&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Animisthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theravada_Buddhismhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Balihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monsoonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tropical_rain_belthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thailandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cambodiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laoshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myanmarhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vietnamhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buddhismhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Singaporehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Confucianismhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vietnamhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Singaporehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maritime_Southeast_Asiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christianityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/East_Timorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Balihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Guineahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garudahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phoenix_(mythology)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vishnuhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thailandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indonesiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palawanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mindanaohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarawakhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indrahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nat_(spirit)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nat_(spirit)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madagascarhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vintahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ferdinand_Magellanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Southeast_Asia#cite_note-Bergreen.L_Magellan-9http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_Oceanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Austronesian_peoplehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Austronesian_peoplehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/West_Asiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sumatrahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slaveshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sulu_Seahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Magellan%27s_voyage&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Animisthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theravada_Buddhismhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Balihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monsoonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tropical_rain_belthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thailandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cambodiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laoshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myanmarhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vietnamhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buddhismhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Singaporehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Confucianismhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vietnamhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Singaporehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maritime_Southeast_Asiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christianityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/East_Timorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Balihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Guineahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garudahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phoenix_(mythology)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vishnuhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thailandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indonesiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palawanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mindanaohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarawakhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indrahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nat_(spirit)


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Mahayana Buddhism is practiced, which is influenced by native animism but with strong

emphasis on Ancestor Worship.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ancestor_Worshiphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ancestor_Worship

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