FLASH CARDS AND HANDOUTS AS INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIAL

PRSENTED BY:- PRAMOD KUMAR

DEFINITION :Flash cards are an educational tool to help people memorize information. Though technological advances have enhanced many learning devices, simple flash cards have remained a vital part of the learning environment. And they are generally 25*30 and 12*10 cm of size.

USES OF THE FLASH CARDS-1. They're Inexpensive

Flash cards can be one of the least expensive ways to study material. 2.They're Portable Provide students with a portable learning tool. rather than having to carry around a book or notebook.3. They're Efficient

The portability of flash cards can improve efficiency when learning new material.

uses continue……….4. They Make Learning Easier

Flash cards eliminate extraneous material as they focus on only the most important elements of what students need to learn.5. They are versatile.

PREPARATION OF THE FLASH CARDS-

1. Cut a foolscap chart paper and cut it into four equal parts to get the flash cards.

2. Write the content on it either in the free hand or using lettering stencils and sketch pen.

3. The height of writing on the flash card is to be approximately 5cm so that the whole class can see the flash cards properly.

4. It is advisable to make a rough card on an ordinary paper.

USING THE FLASH CARDS-

Give brief introduction

about the lesson to the

students.

Flash the card in front of the

class by holding it

high.

Let the students

respond as per

instructions already given.

Add more information to the response

of the students.

ADVANTAGES OF FLASH CARDS-Flash cards can be used to introduce the present topics.Flash cards can be

used to apply information already gained by students to new situations.Flash cards can be used to review a

topic.Flash cards can be used for drill and

practice in elementary classes.Flash cards can be

used to develop the cognitive abilities of

recognition and recall of students.

Flash cards can work as useful

supplementary aid and can be

effectively used with other material

LIMITATIONS OF FLASH CARDS-

•Flash cards contain concise information.

HANDOUTS

Any printed, typed, mimeographed, or photocopied copy of information, as a speech, policy statement, or fact sheet given to reporters, attendees at a meeting.

 

USES OF HANDOUTS-

provide definitions for the more jargon ridden subjects

provide background information or detailed information, e.g. statistics, which are not readily available elsewhere

put forward a point of view

outline a course of action

pose conceptual questions

provide a complex diagram rather than students copying from the OHP

GENERAL PRINCIPLES TO MAKE HANDOUTS- Reading handouts: give students activities to complete or

questions to answer whilst reading.

Use the what, how, why, when and where questions as appropriate.

Avoid long, dense handouts. Make them look attractive: leave spaces etc.

Make sure the appearance of the material is up to standard. Try to keep handouts as concise as possible.

 

 

HOW TO USE HANDOUTS-

•1. IN ADVANCE- Do the students need to prepare by reading the material in advance of the session? 'If so, hand it out the previous week do not use up precious lecture time on having students read long or complex handouts.

How to use handouts continue….2. At the end of the session?

If you delay the distribution till the end of the session, or give it to students to take away to read, how will you know if it ever gets read? Consider posing some specific questions which the students should be prepared to answer the following week.

TYPES OF HANDOUTS-

•Uncompleted or gapped handout: this is a handout with gaps which students fill in.

Types continue…….

• Skeletal notes: literally the bare bones of a session

• Worksheet: questions, problems which the student must answer or solve.

• Information sheets: there are several areas of the institution where a guide would be useful, e.g. administration of the course

When not to use handouts-

Transcripts of lectures: these could be either on audio tape or one paper copy available in the library which could be for reference only. This would however encourage students to be passive learners and discourage attendance at lectures. One advantage is that it would help the genuine absentees and provides a reference for students who might wish to check a difficult concept or modify their notes. If students opt to photocopy the lecture transcript they are the ones bearing the cost!

Research article• Handouts: making the lecture portable.• Kroenke K.• Previous medical literature on preparing lecture handouts has

focused on their use in student education, where as part of a course there is a series of lectures followed by an examination. Conversely, resident and practicing physicians usually attend single lectures on individual topics in order to update and improve their clinical skills. Handouts designed for the latter type of lecture can serve as a useful resource in subsequent day-to-day teaching and patient care. This article examines the purpose, distribution, structure, and substance of such handouts. Guidelines to assist the speaker in preparing lecture handouts are discussed.