hallucinogenic drugs and dual recovery how do hallucinogenic drugs like marijuana, ecstasy, and acid...
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Hallucinogenic Drugsand Dual Recovery
How do hallucinogenic drugs like Marijuana, Ecstasy, and Acid
affect mental health?
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What comes to mind when you
hear about “Hallucinogens
?”
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Hallucinogenic drugs…
Alter perception of reality Cause hallucinations Alter the senses (touch, taste,
smell, sound, sight)
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Hallucinogenic Substances (synthetic and organic)
Marijuana: THC (Cannabinoid)
“Ecstasy:” MDMA (Hallucinogen)
LSD: “Acid” (Hallucinogen)
Mescaline: of Peyote Cactus (Hallucinogen)
“Magic Mushrooms:” Psilocybin (Hallucinogen)
PCP: “Angel dust” (Phencyclidine)
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Marijuana (Cannabis) Obtained from hemp plant, active ingredient is THCMost widely used illicit psychoactive drug in US 32% people ever used (1996 survey)
Intoxication: minutes to 3-4hrs
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Effects of MarijuanaHealth Bronchitis, emphysema,
and lung cancer (more carcinogens that tobacco)
Immunosuppressant Impotence and
infertility
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Effects of Marijuana
Health Increased heart rate and blood
pressure Impaired coordination and movement Increased appetite Weight gain; overeating and reduced
physical activity
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Effects of Marijuana
Feelings “High,” euphoria (during
intoxication) Anxiety; mild to Panic
Attacks Irritable or anxious mood
(during withdrawal)
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Effects of Marijuana
Thinking Hallucinations; auditory, visual,
tactile Difficulty concentrating Paranoid ideation; suspiciousness to
delusional beliefs
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Effects of Marijuana
Behavior Poor grooming and routine Decreased responsiveness
to others Disorganization Social withdrawal,
isolation Apathy, lack of motivation
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Influence of Marijuana on Depression
Depression Social withdrawal Isolation Positive peer
support
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Influence of Marijuana on Bipolar Disorder
Mood swings Irritability Sleeplessness
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Influence of Marijuana on Schizophrenia
Hallucinations Delusions Paranoia, suspiciousness Apathy, amotivation Isolation, social
withdrawal
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“Ecstasy” (MDMA)
10% people ever used (1996 survey)
Intoxication: minutes to a few hours or days Banned in 1985 Derivative of anesthetic
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LSD (“Acid”) Most powerful hallucinogen Soaked into paper, tablet, crystalline, or tablet 10% people ever used (1996 survey)
Intoxication: minutes to a few hours or days
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Mescaline (from Peyote Cactus)
Derived from plants or other sources in natureSmoked or eaten10% people ever used (1996 survey)
Intoxication: minutes to a few hours or days
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“Magic Mushrooms” (Psilocybin)
Derived from plants or other sources in nature10% people ever used (1996 survey)
Intoxication: minutes to a few hours or days
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Effects of HallucinogensHealth Elevated body temperature Increased heart rate and blood pressure Appetite loss Memory loss Headaches Nausea Sweating Sleeplessness
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Effects of Hallucinogens
Feelings Amplification of senses (smell, touch,
taste, sound, sight) Merging of senses Anxiety, panic (“bad trips”), flashbacks
cause intense fear over loss of control
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Effects of Hallucinogens
Thinking Alteration of thinking and
self-awareness Anxiety and panic (“bad
trips”), flashbacks Confusion Suspicion
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Effects of Hallucinogens
Behavior Lack of insight and judgment; jumping out
of the window out of the belief that one could “fly”
Aggression and violence
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Influence of Hallucinogens on Depression
Anxiety Fatigue Isolation and
social withdrawal Depression
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Influence of Hallucinogens on Bipolar Disorder
Sleeplessness Routine, schedule Mood swings Restlessness
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Influence of Hallucinogens on Schizophrenia
Hallucinations Paranoia Delusions Isolation and social
withdrawal
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Dual Recovery from Hallucinogenic Drugs
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Dual Recovery Implications
(from Stress-Vulnerability Model*)
1. Take psychiatric meds as prescribed
2. Avoid substance use3. Increase coping skills4. Increase social support5. Engage in meaningful activities
* Mueser, K. et al (2003). Integrated Treatment for Dual Disorders: A guide to effective practice. The Guilford Press: New York
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1. Take psychiatric medications as prescribed
Effective at decreasing severity of symptoms
Effective at preventing symptom relapse Avoid self-medicating with substances Communicate concerns with medications
and side effects with treatment team
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2. Avoid substance use
Triggers relapse of mental health symptoms
Decreases beneficial effects of medications
Requires higher doses of psychiatric medications
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3. Increase coping skills“strategies used to minimize effects of stress”
Relaxation Positive self-talk Problem-solving Exercising Artistic expression Talking out feelings with supports
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4. Increase social support“the help and caring people feel they can
count on from other people”
Family members Friends Treatment team members Recovery supports (groups,
meetings) Clergy member
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5. Engage in meaningful activities“tasks that provide a strong sense of purpose
and gratification to a person”
Helps structure time Provides something to look forward to Examples include; work, going to
school, doing volunteer work, being a regular participant at a support group
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Thank you for coming!