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Halloween Teacher’s Notes and Worksheets For Secondary Education by David Reeson

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Page 1: Halloween secondary worksheet

Halloween

Teacher’s Notes and Worksheets

For Secondary Education

by David Reeson

Page 2: Halloween secondary worksheet

T O T H E T E A C H E R

Welcome to the email teacher’s notes for Halloween 2006. Here you will find activities and worksheets to scare your students for a day. These are worksheets and activities for all different levels of secondary education. They are designed to provide vocabulary and cultural knowledge related to Halloween.

Each worksheet is marked with the level, time, language used and class management. There are also notes on how to use the worksheets and in some cases extra activities to accompany the worksheets. Also included are cultural information about Halloween so that you and your students are well informed.

Happy Halloweening.

Background information Ancient Origins Halloween's origins date back to the ancient Celtic festival of Samhain (pronounced sow-in). The Celts, who lived 2,000 years ago in the area that is now Ireland, the United Kingdom, and northern France, celebrated their new year on November 1. This day marked the end of summer and the harvest and the beginning of the dark, cold winter, a time of year that was often associated with human death. Celts believed that on the night before the New Year, the boundary between the worlds of the living and the dead became blurred. On the night of October 31, they celebrated Samhain, when it was believed that the ghosts of the dead returned to earth. In addition to causing trouble and damaging crops, Celts thought that the presence of the otherworldly spirits made it easier for the Druids, or Celtic priests, to make predictions about the future. For a people entirely dependent on the volatile natural world, these prophecies were an important source of comfort and direction during the long, dark winter.

To commemorate the event, Druids built huge sacred bonfires, where the people gathered to burn crops and animals as sacrifices to the Celtic deities. During the celebration, the Celts wore costumes, typically consisting of animal heads and skins, and attempted to tell each other's fortunes. When the celebration was over, they re-lit their hearth fires, which they had extinguished earlier that evening, from the sacred bonfire to help protect them during the coming winter.

By A.D. 43, Romans had conquered the majority of Celtic territory. In the course of the four hundred years that they

ruled the Celtic lands, two festivals of Roman origin were combined with the traditional Celtic celebration of Samhain. The first was Feralia, a day in late October when the Romans traditionally commemorated the passing of the dead. The second was a day to honour Pomona, the Roman goddess of fruit and trees. The symbol of Pomona is the apple and the incorporation of this celebration into Samhain probably explains the tradition of "bobbing" for apples that is practiced today on Halloween.

By the 800s, the influence of Christianity had spread into Celtic lands. In the seventh century, Pope Boniface IV designated November 1 All Saints' Day, a time to honour saints and martyrs. It is widely believed today that the pope was attempting to replace the Celtic festival of the dead with a related, but church-sanctioned holiday. The celebration was also called All-hallows or All-hallowmas (from Middle English Alholowmesse meaning All Saints' Day) and the night before it, the night of Samhain, began to be called All-hallows Eve and, eventually, Halloween. Even later, in A.D. 1000, the church would make November 2 All Souls' Day, a day to honour the dead. It was celebrated similarly to Samhain, with big bonfires, parades, and dressing up in costumes as saints, angels, and devils. Together, the three celebrations, the eve of All Saints', All Saints', and All Souls', were called Hallowmas.

History of the Jack O'Lantern

The Irish brought the tradition of the Jack O'Lantern to America. But, the original Jack O'Lantern was not a pumpkin. The Jack O'Lantern legend goes back hundreds of years in Irish History. As the story goes, Stingy Jack was a miserable, old drunk who liked to play tricks on everyone: family, friends, his mother and even the Devil himself. One day, he tricked the Devil into climbing up an apple tree. Once the Devil climbed up the apple tree, Stingy Jack hurriedly placed crosses around the trunk of the tree. The Devil was then unable to get down the tree. Stingy Jack made the Devil promise him not to take his soul when he died. Once the devil promised not to take his soul, Stingy Jack removed the crosses and let the Devil down. Many years later, when Jack finally died, he went to the pearly gates of Heaven and was told by Saint Peter that he was too mean and too cruel and had led a miserable and worthless life on earth. He was not allowed to enter heaven. He then went down to Hell and the Devil. The Devil kept his promise and would not allow him to enter Hell. Now Jack was scared and had nowhere to go but to wander about forever in the darkness between heaven and

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hell. He asked the Devil how he could leave as there was no light. The Devil tossed him an ember from the flames of Hell to help him light his way. Jack placed the ember in a hollowed out Turnip, one of his favourite foods which he always carried around with him whenever he could steal one. For that day onward, Stingy Jack roamed the earth without a resting place, lighting his way as he went with his "Jack O'Lantern". On all Hallow's eve, the Irish hollowed out Turnips, rutabagas, gourds, potatoes and beets. They placed a light in them to ward off evil spirits and keep Stingy Jack away. These were the original Jack O'Lanterns. In the 1800's a couple of waves of Irish immigrants came to America. The Irish immigrants quickly discovered that Pumpkins were bigger and easier to carve out. So they used pumpkins for Jack O'Lanterns.

Fire

Fire was very important to the Celts as it was to all early people. In the old days people lit bonfires, to scare away evil spirits. They believed that light had power over darkness. In some places they used to jump over the fire to bring good luck. Today, we light candles in pumpkin lanterns and then put them outside our homes to frighten away witches and ghosts.

Apple Bobbing (Duck-apple)

The Roman festival for remembering the dead was also in October. During this time, the Romans remembered their goddess, Pomona. She was the goddess of the trees and fruits, and when the Romans came to Britain, they began to hold these two festivals on the same day as Samhain. Apple games probably became associated with Halloween because of this. We play the game bobbing for apples, in which apples are placed in a tub or a large basin of water. The contestants, sometimes blindfolded, must take one bite from one of the apples without using their hands. It is not permitted to edge the apple to the side of the bowl to get hold of it.

Dressing up -

The tradition of dressing in costume for Halloween has both European and Celtic roots. On Halloween, when it was believed that ghosts came back to the earthly world, people thought that they would encounter ghosts if they left their homes. To avoid being recognized by these ghosts, people would wear masks when they left their homes after dark so that the ghosts would mistake them for fellow spirits. To keep ghosts away from their houses on Halloween, people would place bowls of food outside their homes to appease the ghosts and prevent them from attempting to enter.

Trick or Treat

Halloween was a time for making mischief - many parts of England still recognise Halloween as Mischief Night - when children would knock on doors demanding a treat (Trick or Treat) and people would disguise themselves as witches and ghosts, in order to obtain food and money from nervous householders.

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ActivitiesWitching Worksheets

Witching Worksheet 1

Level: 3rd of ESO – 2nd Batxillerat Time: 20 mins Group: pairs, whole class, individual Language: Halloween language, Celts, Gaelic, celebrate, emigrate

To begin with, ask the students what they know about Halloween, including the celebrations. Get them to make a list of all the different celebrations that people do on Halloween. Then compare their answers with the following celebrations: trick or treat, wearing costumes, apple bobbing, Jack O’Lantern. Ask students why we celebrate these things and why we celebrate Halloween. After they discussed this with their partner and later the class, give them witching worksheet 1 to check their answers.

Answers

1 F (Halloween is more than 2000 years old) 2 F 3 F (they worshipped Samhain lord of the dead) 4 F 5 F 6 F 7 F 8 T

Witching Worksheet 2

Level: 1st of ESO – 2nd Batxillerat Time: 15 mins Group: pairs, whole class, individual Language: Halloween language,

In pairs ask students to make a list of vocabulary they know related to Halloween. Check meanings with the whole class. Give them Witching Worksheet 2 and let them find the words. Check meaning with the whole class once everyone has finished the worksheet.

Answers

T R I C K O R T R E A T V T

A S D F C N I K P M U P A S

G H J P A G A N K L T Y M L

Z C G V U S B N M Q E W P I

D Y C H L W C N E T Z O I V

Z O E A D S I A L C O V R E

S D L F R E E T R U M K E D

A S T F O N T E C Y B M C Q

A J S L N U N A M H I O O S

B R O O M S T I C K E N S R

T N O T E L E K S W Y S T S

I N I G H O S T R P E T U B

H A U N T E D H O U S E M E

S E R A L W T O Z E R R E T

D A V R W S T I R I P S S A

J A C K O L A N T E R N O B

Witching Worksheet 3

Level: 2nd of ESO – 2nd Batxillerat Time: 15 mins Group: pairs, whole class Language: Halloween language, question formation

Students play this game in pairs to practice vocabulary and question formations. This game is better played as a follow up to witching worksheet 2 where students get a good understanding of the vocabulary. The game is play with coins and not dice; if the coin lands on heads the students move one space, if it lands on tails they move two spaces.

Answers 1 Jack O’lantern 2 Celts 3 31st October 4 Pumpkin 5 Witch 6 Broomstick 7 Gravestone 8 Bat / Owl 9 Black cat 10 Treat 11 Frankenstein 12 Skull

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Witching Worksheet 4

Level: 3rd of ESO – 2nd Batxillerat Time: 15 mins Group: individual, pairs, whole class Language: Halloween language Crossword

1M

2P

3C

O S T U M E 4W

5V

O M E A

6G

N 7S

P I D E R M

H 15O

10W

K E 8C

P

O W I I W A I

9S

K E L E T O N 11O

C T O 12B

E R

T C L R E

H F O

14C

O

A M

13H

A U N T E D H O U S E

L T

D I

R C

O K

N

Witching worksheet 5

Level: 3rd of ESO – 2nd Batxillerat Time: 10 mins Group: individual, pairs, whole class Language: Halloween language

Hand out Witching worksheet 5 and ask students to construct the words by finding the combinations that exist on either side of Frankenstein. The words are in halves only and they are sporadically placed.

Answers pumpkin ghost vampire monster haunted witch zombie bat mummy skull warlock carve scary devil costume pagan goblin

Witching Worksheet 6a / b

Level: 4th of ESO – 2nd Batxillerat Time: 50 mins Group: individual, pairs, whole class Language: Halloween language, narrative structures

These two worksheets are designed to help students understand the structure of a story better. Photocopy as necessary and cut out witching worksheet 6b. Students have to put the story in order focusing on important narrative structures and linking words. Using this story as a guide the students write there own story. Before they begin writing, in pairs they have to discuss the elements of the story e.g. characters, setting, action, content etc. The students can then write their stories at home and then compare their stories in the next class with their partners. Witching Worksheet 7

Level: 1st – 2nd of ESOTime: 15 mins Group: pairs, whole class Language: Halloween language

Memory game

Photocopy as necessary Witching Worksheet 7, then cut it out and glue it to card. Explain to the students that they have to put the cards faced down and turn two up at a time. If the cards match (picture and word) then the student keeps that card and has another go. If the cards don’t match then the student has to replace the cards in the same place. The winning is the student with the most pairs.

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Witching Worksheet 1 HISTORY OF HALLOWEEN

Answer the statements with (T) True or (F) False

1) Halloween is 2000 years old. ________

2) The Celts are Americans. ________

3) The Celts worshiped the dead. ________

4) Samhain was an animal. ________

5) The devil appears on November 31st. ________

6) The name Halloween comes from Spanish. ________

7) The English took Halloween to the United States of America. ________

8) People put on costumes on Halloween. ________

The history of Halloween is more than 2,000 years old. The Celts, who lived in Ireland, Scotland, Wales and Cornwall, were the first to celebrate the festival. The Celts worshiped nature. They worshiped a Sun God and believed that without him, they would not live. They also worshipped Samhain who was the lord of the dead and of the cold, dark winter season. They believed that on October 31 Samhain would call together all of the dead and these souls would take on the shape of an animal. They believed that all creatures walked on Earth on that night. This was called the Vigil of Samhain. When the Romans introduced Catholicism to the Celts they had a festival to celebrate all the saints who didn’t have their own holiday. This was celebrated on November 1st and was called All Saints Day or All Hallows Day in Gaelic. The Roman Catholics thought that this would stop people celebrating the festival of Samhain on October 31st. Unfortunately, according to tradition the devil and his friends came out on October 31st to make fun of All Hallows Day. So October 31st became known as All Hallows Eve, and over time it has been reduced to Halloween. The holiday Halloween has become famous all over the world and many countries celebrate its traditions. It is however most famous in the United States of America where the Celts took the festival when they emigrated many years ago. It is also celebrated a lot in Great Britain. Many people wear costumes and have parties in celebration of the festival. If you don’t have any plans yet for Halloween why don’t you spend some time with a friend or family? Because whatever happens, you don’t want to be alone on Halloween.

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Witching Worksheet 2 HALLOWEEN WORKSHEETS

GHOSTS WITCHES

BROOMSTICK CAULDRON

BATPAGAN

OWL CELTS

TRICK OR TREAT PUMPKIN

JACK O’LANTERN SKELETONCOSTUMES

ZOMBIEHAUNTED HOUSE

MONSTERSDEVILSSPIRITS

VAMPIRESCARY

T R I C K O R T R E A T V T A S D F C N I K P M U P A S G H J P A G A N K L T Y M L Z C G V U S B N M Q E W P I D Y C H L W C N E T Z O I V Z O E A D S I A L C O V R E S D L F R E E T R U M K E D A S T F O N T E C Y B M C Q A J S L N U N A M H I O O S B R O O M S T I C K E N S R T N O T E L E K S W Y S T S I N I G H O S T R P E T U B H A U N T E D H O U S E M E S E R A L W T O Z E R R E T D A V R W S T I R I P S S A J A C K O L A N T E R N O B

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Witching Worksheet 3

Draculasucks your

blood,miss a go

When do we

celebrate Halloween?

Wheredoes

Halloweencomefrom?

What is this?

START

What is a jack o lanternmadefrom?

What is this? Bats are

chasing you,

go forward one

What does a witch fly

on?

What is this?

There are lots of

monstersand you are

scared to death go

back to start

Whatanimal

comes out at night

and flies?

FINISH

What is this? What

monster is made by

man?

What do we say on Halloween,trick or…?

Whatanimal is

associatedwith

Halloween?

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Witching Worksheet 4

1 2 3 4 5

6 7

15 10 8

9 11 12

14

13

ACROSS 3. Worn on Halloween night. 7. Creates a web to catch flies. 8. A black one is said to bring bad luck.9. Made of all the bones in your body. 11. Month in which Halloween takes place.13. A house where ghosts live is said to be this.

DOWN1. Wolves howl at this. 2. These are carved for Halloween. 4. Turns into a wolf when the moon is full5. Dracula is one of these. 6. You might wear a sheet to look like one of these. 10. Flies on a broomstick on Halloween 12. Witches fly on these on Halloween 14. Potions are created in this. 15. Hoots at night.

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Witching Worksheet 5 Help Dracula put the word boxes in the right order and write the words in the table below.

Answers:

sk gob

lin

ca ost

bie

hau

pa

wi

cos

pkin

mu

nted

pum vam

b

gh

ull

pire tch

lock mon

zom gan

sc rvede ster

war ary

mmy vil

tume

at

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Witching Worksheet 6a

GHOST STORIES Write a ghost story and scare your friends

Page 12: Halloween secondary worksheet

Witching Worksheet 6b

GHOST STORIES The White Lady

Haapsalu is an old medieval town northern Estonia. In the winter it is very cold and dark with only about 4 hours of daylight in the day. It often snows and there is a permanent white blanket across the whole town. In the middle of the town there is a dark and moody castle. For many years it has been derelict and people refuse to go near it because they think it is haunted; and they maybe right.

Four hundred years ago the castle was home to many monks who lived and worked in the castle. These monks were very pious people and also very powerful in the region. They were respected by everyone and believed everything they said. They very rarely went out of the castle grounds as they had to dedicate their lives to God.

One of these monks, Peter, had lived in the castle for many years and was loved by many. Peter, however, was lonely and desired the pleasures and love of the outside world. One day he managed to escape the castle dressed in normal clothes and began walking the streets unnoticed. He loved this new freedom and smiled and said hello to everyone he met. While walking he met a prostitute, Agatha, and asked her if she would walk with him. She accepted and they began to walk. Agatha was a beautiful young woman who was dressed in a long white dress. Peter liked her and persuaded her to go back to the castle with him where they would be more comfortable, and again she accepted.

Once back in the castle grounds they were seen by another monk who quickly told the bishop. Peter and Agatha were caught and were sent to the bishop. The bishop told Peter that he had been very bad and was told to pray to God and ask for forgiveness. However the bishop told Agatha that entering the castle grounds was a very serious crime and for her punishment ordered her to be put into the wall of the tower.

Agatha was horrified and protested but the bishop repeated that she would be put into the tower. Agatha had understood however that the tower was a jail but Agatha was put into a very small room next to the tower wall and the monks built a wall over the door so that she would never be able get out and no-one would get in. Agatha screamed, scratching at the walls in desperation not knowing if it was day or night but the monks would not let her out. She lived for four more days before dieing of starvation. Agatha’s soul couldn’t escape when she died; it remained in the wall and so she decided to haunt the monks until they left the castle. She wailed and cried as loud as she could day and night all around the castle. The monks were terrified and they all left the castle a year later.

The white lady can still be heard in the castle walls to this day four hundred years later. You can hear her crying over the injustice of her death. But if you go near the tower wall she might think you are a monk – so be careful.

Page 13: Halloween secondary worksheet

Witching Worksheet 7MEMORY

BA

T

WIT

CH

MO

NST

ER

VAM

PIR

E

HA

UN

TED

HO

USE

GH

OST

PUM

PKIN

BR

OO

M-

STIC

K

CA

ULD

RO

N

SKEL

ETO

N

MU

MM

Y

SKU

LL

BLA

CK

CA

T

DEV

IL

OW

L