habitat and niche. habitat habitat (home): a place where a living thing lives is its habitat. it is...
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Habitat and Niche
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Habitat
• Habitat (Home): A place where a living thing lives is its habitat.
• It is a place where it can find food, shelter, protection and mates for reproduction.
• It is the physical environment that surrounds a species population
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Habitat
• Habitat (Home): A place where a living thing lives is its habitat.
• It is a place where it can find food, shelter, protection and mates for reproduction.
• It is the physical environment that surrounds a species population
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Habitat
• Habitat (Home): The habitat is the physical area where a species lives.
Physical =Abiotic Factors• Temperature• Rainfall• Sunlight• Soil• Rock
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Niche
• Niche (Job): • A niche is the role a
species plays in the ecosystem.
• How an organism “makes a living.”
• How it fits in the ecosystem (biotic and abiotic)
•Crocodile and plover bird- The plover picks meat from the crocodile's mouth. This cleans the crocodile's teeth and prevents infection while providing a somewhat scary meal for the hungry bird.
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Niches and Competition : Get in Where you Fit in
A niche includes:• How an organism gets
food• What it eats (prey)• What eats it (predators)• How it interacts with
other organisms
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Competition• 2 different organisms will
compete if they are in the same space.
• Complete competitors cannot exist.
• One must leave or die out.
Intraspecific competition is competition among members of the same species
Interspecfic comptetion is competition among different species
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Closing• An organism’s home is
called its ……………………….
habitat
• The role or job an organism has is called its ……………
niche
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Types of Consumers
Herbivore - plant eater
Carnivore – meat eater
Scavenger – consumes dead tissue
Decomposers – break down compounds and release nutrients from dead matter
e.g. fungi bacteria
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Relationships between species
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Everything on Earth doesn't exist in its own little bubble. Species interact every day. That interaction is a vital part of how organisms develop and change over time.
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Think about it, just today, how many organisms have you interacted with?
Could you live, grow and develop without these interactions?
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Predation
Interactions between organisms
Competition Symbiosis
Commensalism ParasitismMutualism
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Feeding RelationshipsPredation: a feeding relationship where one animal hunts, kills and consumes another animal.
The hunter/eater is called the PREDATOR The hunted/eaten animal is called the PREY
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Herbivory: a feeding relationship where an animal eats a plant.
Unlike predation, herbivory does not usually result in the death of the organism that is consumed.
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A relationship where organisms compete for resources (food, light, water, shelter, mates, etc).
Competition
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Symbiotic Relationships
A symbiotic relationship is a long-term, physically close relationship between separate species where at least one organism benefits.
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Commensalism: (+/0) a symbiotic relationship where one species benefits and the other is not affected either positively or negatively
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Parasitism: (+/-) a symbiotic relationship where one species benefits and the other is harmed
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WHY DO ORGANISMS LIVE IN SYMBIOTIC RELATIONSHIPS?
• For food• Resources• Habitat• Protection• Transportation• Cleaning
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Coevolution
Coevolution: occurs when species in an ecological relationship evolve in response to changes in each other.Coevolution can result from feeding relationships and/or symbiotic relationships