gymnosperms and angiosperms monocotyledons and dicotyledon
TRANSCRIPT
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Gymnosperms and Angiosperms Monocotyledons and Dicotyledon
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In order to be able to identify a plant and put it in the right family, you need to know the terminology to use
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• gymnosperm – “naked seed” • no true fruits
• no flowers
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Angiosperm means “covered seed”
Have flowers Have fruits with seeds Live everywhere – dominant
plants in the world 260,000 species (88% of Plant
Kingdom) Angiosperms are the most
successful and advanced plants on earth
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Angiosperms are divided into monocots and dicots
The first leaves first of a young plant develop and are called as cotyledons (seed leaves)
Monocots have one cotyledon (corn, lily, etc).
Dicots have two cotyledons (bean, oak, etc).
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FEATURE MONOCOTS DICOTS
Cotyledons 1 2
Leaf venation parallel broad
Root system Fibrous Tap
Number of floral parts
In 3’s In 4’s or 5’s
Vascular bundle position
Scattered Arranged in a circle
Woody or herbaceous
Herbaceous Either
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Monocots – blade like leaf blade – wrap around the stem – no petiole – have main vascular bundles running parallel along length of leaf
Dicots – Have both a leaf blade and a petiole – single midrib (Vascular bundles) with branches
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◦ Dicots form one primary root◦ Monocots branch to form the fibrous root
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Tap Root◦ Have a main central root and may have some
lateral branching
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Fibrous◦ Have many roots of equal size and a lot of lateral
branching◦ Fibrous roots are generally much more diffuse
and closer to the surface
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◦ Dicots –have sepals and/or petals in multiples of four or five
◦ Monocots – have sepals in multiples of threes
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Monocot stem
Dicot stem
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Monocot stem
Dicot stem
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Herbaceous stems◦ Lack secondary growth - because plants only live
one year/growing season (annuals)
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◦ Stems remain soft and flexible◦ Buds lack protective scales (don’t need to survive
harsh conditions)
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Woody stems◦ Plants living and growing over multiple seasons
have secondary growth (xylem, phloem) increasing diameter of the stems
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These are a type of plant that reproduce by seeds not contained in a flower
angiosperms gymnosperms ferns
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These are a type of plant that reproduce by seeds not contained in a flower
angiosperms gymnosperms ferns
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The flowering plant group which is the biggest in the plant kingdom is
A. ferns B. angiosperms C. gymnosperms
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The flowering plant group which is the biggest in the plant kingdom is
A. ferns B. angiosperms C. gymnosperms
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Angiosperms differ from mosses, ferns and fungi in that they have
A. True leaves, stems and roots B. Mycelium C. Fronds
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Angiosperms differ from mosses, ferns and fungi in that they have
A. True leaves, stems and roots B. Mycelium C. Fronds
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Angiosperms are the most advanced plant group.
True False
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Angiosperms are the most advanced plant group.
True False
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Dicot
Moncot
Moncot
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Dicot
Moncot