guyana tfo pkg w'shp session 3 - paper and board

5/21/2018 Guyana TFO Pkg W'Shp Session 3 - Paper and Board

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Paper & Board Packaging; Properties,

Specifications & Sourcing

Executing/Host Partner:

Session 3:

Supporting Partners:

Workshop: Procurement of Packaging for ExportsGuyana, April 19-23, 2010

Supported with funding from:


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Paper & Board Packaging

specifications

Product considerations:

Type/nature of the product: solid, liquid, etc.

Quantity/weight/volume to be packed

Critical attributes/characteristics of product

Filling/packing method and conditions

Product protection requirements physical,

climatic, biological, security, etc.


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Commercial Considerations: Quantities required/ordered

Delivery required/agreed

Packing & shipping instructions

Pricing, if agreed

Delivery clauses/insurance/terms ofpayment

Paper Board and Packaging

specifications


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Paper & Board Packaging Specifications

Technical Considerations: Designation of the pack (type, style, if known)

Pack raw material(s): grade, quality, weight

Construction of pack, if known

Relevant dimensions & tolerances

Special features/properties/accessories

Graphic design/printing/decoration required

Applicable standards & test methods


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Measuring paperboard

Paper and Board Specification Concerns

Cellulose fibre sources and significance of fibre length

Fibre directionality and related physical properties

Common paperboard grades

Paperboard properties

Paperboard packaging styles


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Source Fibre length

hardwoods 2mm

softwoods 4mm

straw, bagasse < 2mm

recycled paper wide range, depending on source

Sources of Cellulose Fibre

Physical properties of paperboard such as tear strength,

burst strength, fold ability and stiffness increase as fibre

length increases


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Mechanical economical

(ground wood) high fibre degradation

environmentally unstable,

poor colour

relatively weak papers

Chemical extraction costly

low fibre degradation

with sulphate makes strongest papers,(Kraft process) environmentally stable

Paper Fibre Extraction (Pulping)


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Bleaching: increases whiteness and brightnesscauses some loss of strength

Brightness:

not the same as whitenessmeasured on an arbitrary scale of 1 to 100

brighter papers provide more brilliant printing

paper of brightness 78 to 85 most commonly

used in packaging applications

Paper Bleaching and Brightness


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Top liner: bleached

short fibre furnish

Fillers: low quality recyclate

Bottom liner: recycled newsprint

Typical construction of single white-lined newsback board

Bottom under-liner:

longer fibre recyclate

Under-liner: bleached

longer fibre furnish

Example of Cylinder (Vat-lined) Board


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Common Name Description

Chipboard mostly low quality recycled paper

Bending chipboard mostly recycled with some longer fibre

Lined chipboard (SWL) single white lined for one side print(DWL) double white lined for two side print

Clay coated newsback (CCNB) SWL with a gray newsback liner

Solid, unbleached (SUS) 100% chemical pulp

sulphate (may contain hardwood pulp)

Solid bleached sulphate (SBS) 100% bleached chemical pulp

Common Paperboards


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coated unbleached coated unbleached virgin fibre

unbleached kraft unbleached virgin wood fibre

CNB clay coated newsback

coated newsback variations of SWL board

coated recycled

greyback

duplex

Term Description

food board typically highly sized SBS

Other Paperboard Terms


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Paper Directionality


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Paper is stiffer when bent across the grain (MD)

than along the grain.

Stiffness and Grain Direction


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MDMD

Paper is stiffer folded across the grain (MD) than

along the grain

Folding and Grain Direction


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Tear strength across the grain (MD) is higher than

along the grainLonger fibre length increases cross-grain tear strength

MD tearMD

CD tear

Tearing and Grain Direction


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All paper properties change with moisture content

Paper expands and contracts with moisture changes

typically 0.8% in MD and 1.6% in CD

Papers gain or lose moisture due to ambient humidity

Paper is always tested under standardized conditions230 Celsius and 50% R.H.

Hygroscopic Behaviour of Paperboards

Dimensional changes can cause register problems


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0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

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% Relative Humidity at 24 C (75 F)oo

MoistureContent %

Paper Moisture Content


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Paper/foil laminate at 40% R.H.



Humidity Change & Paper Curl


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Folding boxes tube styles tray styles

&cartons baskets novelties

Set-up boxes cannot be knocked down flat (KDF)

Liquid containers gable top Tetrapak /Combibloc,etc.

Fibre cans spiral wound convolute wound

Carded displays blister packs skin packs

Paperboard Constructions


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Corrugated Board Box for Bottled

Water

Corrugated board withre-applied offset-

printed

paper liner, for 24 PET

water bottles.

Print carries brand

name,

bar code and implies

tropical -sourced pure

water


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Folding carton for Tea, Tanzania

Standard-tuckfolding carton with

foil liner for export

tea bags.

Offset print carriesproduct data, bar

code, use-by date

and Standards

Bureau (TBS)Certification


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Paperboard basket for fresh produce

Flexographicprinted, lined,

Ventilated

corrugated boardbox with clip-on

plastic handle, for

fresh peaches


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Set-up box with tray, for tea, China

Rigid set-up

box with

separate lid

and dividedtray, for

ginseng tea

bags


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Liquid holding cartons, Prismapak style

Paper/plastic

film/foil cartons,

VFFS type, for

processed soupand fruit juice,

with security seal

and pour feature


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Wound paperboard drum for salt, France

Spiral-wound

board drum

with plastic orcork lids and

security seal


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Card blisterpack for saffron, Spain

Paperboardhanging card

with PET

blister

containing highvalue saffron.

Theft and

tamperresistant


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Up to 1/2 lb. (230 g) 0.015 to 0.018 (380 to 450 mm)

1 lb. (450 g) 0.020 to 0.024 (500 to 600 mm)

2 lb. (900 g) 0.028 to 0.032 (700 to 800 mm)

Over 2 lb (>900 g) consider using E- or F- flute corrugated

Superficial characteristics of paperboard :

Colour and brightness Opacity Sizing level

Smoothness Gloss Cleanliness

Product weight Suggested paperboard caliper

Selection of Paperboard


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structural

design

finishing

operations

CADsample

one-up die

art dept.

production die

machine test

approvedart

colorseparation

printingplates

pressmake-ready

production printing

die

cutting

digital

proofsmechanical proofs

sign-off

sign-off press

approval

Typical Carton Production

Sequence


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Depth

Manufacturer's joint

Width

Front panel (principal display panel)

Manufacturer's joint

Workingcrease

Workingcrease

Rear panel

Tube-Style Carton Nomenclature


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Incorrect grain direction Correct grain direction

Grain crossing the corner creases contributes to panel

flatness

Tube-Style Cartons - Grain Direction


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PDP

Standardreverse tuck

PDP

Frenchreverse tuck

PDP

Straight tuck

PDP

Airplanetuck

Tuck-End Carton Styles


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Press-Sheet Utilization


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Offset LithographyRepresents the bulk of carton printing production

RotogravureUsed where printing run lengths justify high initial plate cost

FlexographyUsed for board cases and plastic films; not often for cartons

Improved quality has encouraged carton printing applications

Hot-stamp printing, embossing, windowing etc. are

off-line operations that require separate preparation

Carton Printing and Decorating


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Inch Gauge Mil Micrometre

0.001 inch = 100 gauge = 1 mil =25 mm

0.0005 inch = 50 gauge = 1/2 mil = 13 mm

0.002 inch = 200 gauge = 2 mil = 51mm

Metric measure definitions (ISO) & conversion factors:

Micron is an abbreviation for micrometre

One inch = 25.4 millimetres and

0.001 inch = 25.4 micrometres

Paper & Board Thickness Measurement

guyana tfo pkg w'shp session 3 - paper and board

Documents

low quality recycled

mmrecycled paper wide

source fibre lengthhardwoods

procurement of packaging

printdwl double white

commercial considerations

weight construction

pack type