guiding questions for session 5 - un escap 5... · 2016-12-15 · guiding questions for session 5...
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GUIDING QUESTIONS FOR
SESSION 5� How would you demo the inter-linkages and
interdependencies between SDGs (6, 11 and others?) in your respective case using the analytical systems thinking?
� What are the main policy levers to ensure resiliency of water and sanitation infrastructure and further shift towards sustainable cities?
� What can be done by ESCAP to support policy makers and local actors to facilitate integrated SDG readiness in the case of SDG 6 in cities?
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Integrated Strategic Approaches & Policy Tools to
Facilitate a Shift Towards
Water-Hazard Resilient Infrastructure and
Sustainable CitiesESCAP’s SDG Week,
29 November 2016 Bangkok, Thailand
Sustainable Urban Development Section, Environment and Development Division
Economic and Social Commission for Asia & the Pacific (ESCAP)
Picture source: Mochileros en Tailandia
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Regional and Global Milestones
“Water-resilient
sustainable cities”
June 2012
November/December 2015
October 2015
April 2016
October 2016July 2016
Committee on
Environment and
Development 4th
Session
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Sixth Asia-Pacific Urban Forum
(APUF-6): Chairs’ Call for Action
Implementation of water and sanitation-related development goals requires the adoption of system-based framework on integrated urban water management, inclusive of policy regulations, diverse technologies, financing sources, water and sanitation markets and community participation.
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• Substantive analysis on SDG is presented in
the in Statistics Yearbook 2015 and in regional
chapters of World Water Development Report
(ref 2016, 17)
• Policy Guidance Manual on Wastewater
Management and Sanitation with a Special
Emphasis on Decentralized Wastewater
Treatment Systems was prepared in technical
cooperation of ESCAP-UN-Habitat and Asian
Institute of Technology and was launched at
APUF-6 in October in Jakarta, Indonesia
Water and sanitation for sustainable cities
• Secretariat is promoting effective policy frameworks using integrated urban
water management approaches and sensitizing governments to empower
business cases and to enable local communities in managing water-efficient
urban infrastructure (upcoming two e-modules for policy makers at the
https://sustdev.unescap.org/course/category/1 )
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Water-Resilient Infrastructure and
Sustainable Cities
Cities that achieve safe and adequate water supply
and sanitation services, sound water-related
ecosystems, a high level of water use efficiency, and
greater urban resilience to water-related disasters
within the framework of Integrated Urban Water
Management, as an integral part of Integrated
Water Resource Management Principles
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Challenges
277 million people lack access to clean and safe drinking water
70-80% of wastewater is untreated
Over half of Asia-Pacific’s urban population live in low coastal areas
Water runs the economy; cities produce 80% of global GDP
Challenges of provision of clean and safe water in periods of water-related disasters and climate change effects
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Regional challenges, needs
and opportunities
� Address water- and sanitation related vulnerabilities associated with natural disasters & climate change in cities
� Strengthen Integrated Urban Water Management (IUWM) based on principles of Integrated Water Resource Management (IWRM) and Integrated River Basin Management (IRBM)
� Increase impactful investments in water and sanitation infrastructure (water efficiency and sustainable sanitation services) for sustainable and livable cities
� Enhance understanding of water and other resource cycles & its economy, by localizing SDGs
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Thematic Priorities to Localize SDGs
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• Drinking water and human well-being: which is to ensure that urban population have access to safe, sufficient and affordable water to meet basic needs for drinking, sanitation and hygiene, to safeguard health and well-being and to fulfill basic human rights
• Urban wastewater as a resource: this is around cities to implement policies that address re-using and wastewater treatment to maximize waste-to-resource opportunities (ex. via DEWATS)
• Urban Ecosystems: focusing on natural ecosystems are preserved and can deliver their services that both nature and people rely upon, including the provision of freshwater
• Economic activities and development: highlighting an adequate water services for food, energy production, industry, transport and tourism in cities
• Water-related hazards: eliciting the policy levers that ensure the resiliency of the infrastructure to the water- related hazards, such is flood, drought and pollution
Thematic Priorities to Localize SDGs
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Drinking
Water &
Wellbeing:
Policies and
Tools
Recognize water & sanitation
as basic human right
Diversify water resources and re-use practices
(rain-water harvesting ; wastewater recycling, ex. Kiribati, Singapore)
Build infrastructure to meet
needs, minimize water losses
Reduce wastewater
contaminants at source
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Wastewater
as a
Resource:
Policies and
ToolsFinancial incentives for resource extraction (Australia and Nepal)
‘Cascading Use’ Technologies for
environmental recharge
Maximize waste-to-resource opportunities (harvesting
sewage for nutrients or energy)
Partnership and impact
investments in Sustainable
Sanitation Services (Viet Nam)
Wastewater management
(DEWATS, Philippines)
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Restoring
Urban
Ecosystems
Functions:
Policies and
Tools
Payments for Environmental Services
(PES) (China , Vietnam)
Constructed wetlands in cities
(Singapore, Thailand, Vietnam, etc.)
Vertical farming
(Japan, Hong Kong, Singapore, buildings in
RoK)
Concepts: Eco-City, Compact City, Livable
Cities, using water-sensitive infrastructure
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Water for
Economic
Activities and
Development
Policies and
Tools
Water resource efficiency (reclaimed water for irrigation – Australia,
Singapore, South-Korea)
Food-Energy-Water Nexus
(China, Japan)
Water and Green Growth Policy
(Tajikistan, Thailand):
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Water-
Related
Hazards and
Climate :
Policies and
Tools
Early warning systems technologies (Thailand, China)
Investment in financial and human capital
(Thailand )
Build local community capacity
(Philippines, Indonesia)
Water catchment areas and water storage (India, Singapore)
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Making Cities and Human Settlements Inclusive, Safe, Resilient and Sustainable by Localizing SDGs
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Case study: Ecological Sanitation in India
� Ecological Sanitation is a holistic approach in the management of human excreta based in the utilization of the nutrients of urine and faeces
� In Tamil Nadu, India, it was found that Ecological Sanitation can promotesustainable agriculture [2.3, 2.4]
6.2, 6.3
2.12.2
2.3
2.41.5
1.4
8.1
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Case study: Waste water use in India
� A case study in 2013 attempted to look at the overall urban wastewater challenges [6.3] in India (generation, its uses, livelihood benefits and health impacts)
� Growing water demand forces to lift water from agriculture waterscapes
� Wastewater was found as a reliable water supply for crop production [2.4, 2.3, 2.1]
� However, wastewater agriculture is not without negative externalities
6.3
1.415.1
3.9
6.1
6.47.3
2.4
2.3
2.1
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Case study: Rainwater harvesting in
Kiribati
� In Kiribati there’s an increasing unpredictability regarding the timing of wet and dry season
� 2100mm of rainfall annually
� Main water challenges in Kiribati: seawater infiltration, storm surges, flooding, droughts
� RWH can provide supplementary freshwater
� It can exert critical leverage over water-related health issues [SDG3]
6.2,6.2, 6.3
3.23.3
3.9
3.d11.6
11.5
15.5
15.1
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Case study: Wastewater treatment in
the Philippines
� The city of San Fernando in the Philippines faced a severe issue of sanitation and water contamination
� The government established a Sanitation Code and implemented a Decentralized Wastewater Systems (DEWATS)
� Applied measures had positive effects over health and ocean conditions [SDG 3 and 14]
6.1, 6.2, 6.3
3.3
3.9
14.114.2
14.3
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Eco-Efficient Water Infrastructure,
and Green & Livable Cities
ESCAP’s Work on Urban Water
Management
ESCAP has been working to address the current and emerging challenges
of urban water by enhancing regional/national and local capacities of
developing countries in the region, mainly through
• application of integrated rainwater and storm water management
systems;
• application of integrated community-based water and decentralized
wastewater treatment systems;
• development of eco-efficient urban water infrastructure to increase
the efficiency of water utilization and convert waste water to be reused
as resources;
• towards strengthening the nexus approach to address water-energy
issues and challenges.
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Eco-Efficient Water Infrastructure,
and Green & Livable Cities
Activities: Indonesia, Philippines,
Mongolia, ASEAN, Nepal and othersMain activities:
Project results:
Enhanced capacity of policy makers to formulate and apply policy options that (i)
improve the quality of growth; (ii) help achieve IADGs and MDGs
in the area of water resources management
Development
of the national
Roadmaps/policy
papers on eco-
efficient urban
water/flood
infrastructure dev
Installation of
the pilot integrated
rainwater harvesting,
storm water/
wastewater treatment
and recycling
Organization of
national
advocacy/capacity
building workshops
Organization of
regional workshop/
participation in
regional/international
forums
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Green Growth, Energy & Water
Security, and Livable Cities
Eco-Efficient Water Infrastructure,
and Green & Livable Cities
Decentralized Wastewater
Treatment and Recycling System
at Sathya Sai Shiksha Sadan,
Tokha, Kathmandu
Pilot Eco-efficient Urban
Water Infrastructure in
Kathmandu
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Eco-Efficient Water Infrastructure,
and Green & Livable Cities
Brochure of a recently completed project: Pilot Implementation
of Low Carbon Green Growth Roadmap for Asia and the Pacific