gtk geomodelling services to mining...
TRANSCRIPT
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Soile Aatos
GTK Geomodelling Services to Mining Companies
GTK Stakeholder Seminar 07.05.2013 Hotel Scandic
Kuopio, Finland
Surpac model: J. Luukas
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Soile Aatos
Contents of this presentation • Viewing some main aspects of the geomodelling capacity of GTK
Eastern Finland Office • Visualising examples of modelling work and developments Geomodelling of bedrock, Quaternary cover and ore deposit
features for exploration and mining in 2D-3D(-4D) • Data • Mapping and prospecting by geomodelling • Ore deposit modelling and resource evaluation • Computational modelling
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Soile Aatos
Our 2D-3D modelling mineral exploration people in GTK Eastern Finland Office at your service • Bedrock geology: J. Luukas, P. Sorjonen-Ward, S. Aatos • Exploration geology: S. Aatos (regional), J. Hokka (active GTK
project targets) • Exploration and computational geophysics: J. Lerssi, M.
Niskanen, S. Niemi, A. Ruotsalainen • Exploration and computational geochemistry: S. Aatos • Mineral resource evaluation: E. Koistinen from 1.8.2013 on • Mineral resource modeling: E. Koistinen, J. Hokka, S. Aatos • Contact persons (firstname.surname[at]gtk.fi):
– Geologist Soile Aatos (3D geological modelling) – Senior Scientist Esko Koistinen (mineral resource evaluation, QP)
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Soile Aatos
Our tools for bedrock, Quaternary cover and ore deposit modelling and visualisation • Statistics: IBM SPSS Statistics 21 (R) • Pattern recognition: SiroSOM (Matlab) • (Image processing: eCognition Developer 8.8) • Geochemistry: GCDKit • 2D-3D GIS for prospecting: ArcGIS 10.1, ArcSDM, Target for ArcGIS • Geological 3D modelling: Surpac 6.3 (gOcad for academic purposes
only) • Ore deposit 3D modelling for ore evaluation: Surpac 6.3, GEMS (gOcad
for academic purposes only) • Geophysics: Encom ModelVision, Geosoft (e.g. VOXI), Emigma • 3D vision, 3D laboratory: FracSIS (GeoVisionary)
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GTK data production and services for modelling • National INSPIRE body of geodata • Nationwide GIS data production and waring services are being developed
actively in co-operation with global and European colleague developers – Digital GIS databases, e.g. DigiKP (bedrock geology), FODD (ore
deposits) • Data acquisition scales from regional to targeted, funded by state, joint
ventures and customers • Digitalising also old data • Digital data archives and products, e.g.
– Library reference databases – Observations, geophysical and geochemical measurements in GIS – Drillhole and exploration data archives and databases – Layman’s samples – Existing models
Soile Aatos
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Kuva-ala / paikka kaaviolle 244x114mm (100dpi)
Soile Aatos
Recovering old drilling and mine data to 3D
Digital image and drilling data: Outokumpu Oy, Pahtavuoma Mine (GTK/Northern Finland Office) 3D modelling: S. Aatos (ISY)
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Kuva-ala / paikka kaaviolle 244x114mm (100dpi)
Soile Aatos
Solid model of Lampinsaari orebody (originating from old mine data)
Skma
Fekma
Znma
12 10
13 11 9
8 7
6 5
4 1 2
3
3D model: P. Heino
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Kuva-ala / paikka kaaviolle 244x114mm (100dpi)
Soile Aatos
Block model of the Lampinsaari orebody (originating from old mine data)
200-10000
10000-30000
30000-50000
50000-100000
100000-150000
150000-220000
Zn - ppm
3D-model: P. Heino (ISY)
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Soile Aatos
Common practicalities • Data policy (e.g. ownership, usage, publicity, pricing) • Mineral resource classification policy, when needed • Coordinate system (JHS recommendations in Finland/GTK:
EUREF-FIN) • Quality: data (e.g. accuracy, metadata), model (e.g. uncertainty),
personnel (e.g. QP status, when needed) • Compatibility of various data, database and model formats and
resolution of the data: e.g. ASCII (.txt), spread-sheet (.xls), database (.mdb), GIS (.shp), CAD (.dxf), image (.jpg, .tif), GRID (.grd)
• Importing and exporting 2D-3D data and models • Sought data and product types
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Mapping and prospecting by geomodelling
10 Soile Aatos 8.5.2013
Geophysical model data: Jouni Lerssi, Matti Niskanen 3D modelling and visualisation: Soile Aatos
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Soile Aatos
Building up a 3D geomodel Geological data conversions from GIS to 3D
Bedrock geological database: DigiKP Surpac processing: S. Aatos
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Kuva-ala / paikka kaaviolle 244x114mm (100dpi)
Soile Aatos
Case I: Building up a 3D geological model 2D planes in 3D space from geological data
3D model: Jouni Luukas
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Kuva-ala / paikka kaaviolle 244x114mm (100dpi)
Soile Aatos
Valmiita 2D-leikkauksia ja -tasoja 3D-avaruudessa
3D-malli: J. Luukas (ISY)
Case I: Building up a 3D model 2D planes and 3D solids from geological data
3D model: J. Luukas
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Kuva-ala / paikka kaaviolle 244x114mm (100dpi)
Soile Aatos
Case II: Building up an integrated 3D model Integrated geodata for 3D interpretation
1. Tekstiä 2. Tekstiä
Digital bedrock map data: DigiKP 3D sketch of geology in Surpac: S. Aatos Magnetic worms data: J. Lerssi
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Kuva-ala / paikka kaaviolle 244x114mm (100dpi)
Soile Aatos
Case II: Building up an integrated 3D model Interpreting computational model data by hand
3D modelling: S. Aatos Original worms model data: J. Lerssi
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Soile Aatos
Kuva-ala / paikka kaaviolle 244x114mm (100dpi)
Case II: Building up an integrated 3D model Utilising image and GIS data together
2D bedrock: DigiKP HIRE model: I. Kukkonen Surpac models: S. Aatos
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Soile Aatos
The next generation of geological models will be in 4D • A conceptualised 4D geological model created and constructed in
3D by J. Luukas • ProMine project (2009-2013), work package 2
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• bimodal felsic and mafic early arc volcanism
• lavas, breccias and porphyries
• subvolcanic felsic intrusion
Pyhäsalmi group (~1930-1925 Ma)
• felsic to mafic early arc volcanism
• abundant volcaniclastics
• calc silicate rocks • subvolcanic felsic
intrusion
Vihanti group (~1925 -1920 Ma) Vihanti model
Pyhäsalmi model
The main volcanic units of the Pyhäsalmi-Vihanti ore district
Geology layout: J. Kousa, geological data: DigiKP
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Soile Aatos
Modelling for prospecting purposes
• Prospectivity modelling is mainly carried out in 2D, i.e. integrated, computational GIS geomodels, but results can also be visualised in 3D
• Lithogeochemical 2D models and 3D modelling: S. Aatos
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Developing Deep Mining Camp Exploration User needs • More systematic and efficient mineral exploration • Shallow parts being already explored and existing deposits more
rapidly consumed, need to go deeper (< 5 km) Solution • Integrated application of state-of-the-art deep exploration methods
and Common Earth Modeling (CEM) concept with best available data and compiled new data
Benefits • Deep exploration and modeling methods and skills development for
Finnish conditions and experts • Resource potential given in 3D • Improved international exploration, research and knowledge
dissemination network Users • Mining, exploration and consulting companies • Geoscience institutes, universities
27 Tekes Green Mining kick off/Soile Aatos (Geological Survey of Finland) & Ilmo Kukkonen (University of Helsinki) 21.01.2013
Over hundred years of mineral exploration and mining give prestigious prominence to Outokumpu ore belt acting as the project target area.
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Soile Aatos
Ore deposit modelling and resource evaluation can be realised in more standardised ways
3D ore deposit model and resource evaluation: E. Koistinen et al. (2010)
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Soile Aatos
Kuva-ala / paikka kaaviolle 244x114mm (100dpi)
Kuuhkamo
Geological 3D model: J. Luukas
3D-model of the mineralisation: P. Heino
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Soile Aatos
Kuva-ala / paikka kaaviolle 244x114mm (100dpi)
Vihanti
Geological and mine models by J. Luukas
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Kuva-ala / paikka kaaviolle 244x114mm (100dpi)
Soile Aatos
Ore deposit modelling techniques can be used for mine-scale geological interpretations, too: The D4 structural model of Pyhäsalmi mine
3D structural interpretation and modelling: J. Luukas
Mobilised parts
F4
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Inversion model of regional gravity data
Soile Aatos
3D computational modelling: A. Ruotsalainen in ProMine project (2009-2013), work package 2