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99

enlik Stratejileri

6

99

Stratejileri 13 25

Analiz Edilmesi

Analyzing Changing Security Concept through Samples of International Organizations

*

ya

illerindendir.

Anahtar Kelimeler:

* , ,

-posta: [email protected].

100 Security

Strategies Year: 13 Issue: 25

Abstract The resulting changes in the system, in the conditions and in the

perception during and after the Cold War years, have caused the differentiation of the security concept. Changes occurring in the security concept have led to the structural revision of international organizations and the regulation of security strategy documents in accordance with the new condition. Revision in international organizations is one of the tangible proofs which manifests itself differentiation mentality on theory and practice in the field of security. With this study, the expression of the concept of security will be primarily examined, and then the differences between the traditional and the new security concept will be described in consideration of Cold War era and post-conditions. The transformation of the security concept will be analyzed by solidifying over the examples of NATO and the UN. In this context, the purpose of the study is, to show that security concept has changed and there is no going back unlike it was claimed by the adopters of the traditional security approach. This transformation shows itself not only in the world of ideas, but it also generates results in practice.

Key Words: Security, New Security Concept, International Organization, NATO, UN.

hatta

aliz Edilmesi

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Stratejileri 13

politika belirlemesi

102 Security


Konseptleri inc

arihi

ilgilidir.1

2

1

Uygulama 2 International

aliz Edilmesi

103

Stratejileri 13

tehlikeden uzak olma hali olarak

3 Devlet

.4 lan

5

.6

ak

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8

-ek durumunda

-9 Burto

.10 -

.11

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-187.

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olabilecek boy 12

13

Herhangi bir devlet orijinli olmayan tehditler ve daha ciddisi bir devletin

.14

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106 Security


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ektir.

devletlerinden -

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bireyler

Devletler

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gerekt

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nedeniyle

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Neo-

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iddbelirtmektedir.45

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-realist teoride

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ni yeterince

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tezlerinin

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tek engelleyecektir.

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sonucunda

Politik

belirlenmelidir.53

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tehditler

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kontrol edilmesi, ticari faaliyetlerin denetlenmesi konusunda faaliyet

organize

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problemli sistemleridir.

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130 Security


Genel Sekreterleri Boutros Ghali ve Kofi Annan, -

100

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688

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etmektedir.104

kronik tehditler olan

eden tehlikelerden uzak olma halidir.105

el boyuttan

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/www.un.org/en/events/pastevents/pdfs/We_The_Peoples.pdf.

134 Security


tiriler 113

114

ebep

edilmesi,

115

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113 114 115 http://www.unodc.org/unodc/en/about-tarihi: 01.09.2015.

aliz Edilmesi

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e UN Habitant

117

118

komiser

zamanda

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136 Security


uygul

d

enlik

siyasette etki edebilecekleri

aliz Edilmesi

137

Stratejileri 13

devam sadece

n

119

vermeye devam etme taraftar

r.120

.121 Walt, yeni

122 Bu b

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138 Security


ve

.123 Bu bilgilerden

problemle

gelebilmektedir.124

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, CSIA Discussion Paper 91-11, Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University, December 1991. pp.5-http://live.belfercenter.org/files/disc_paper_91_11.pdf. 124

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aliz Edilmesi

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125

reto

rehberlik edebilmektir.

125 Joseph S. Nye, Understanding International Conflicts. An Introduction to Theory and History, Longman, USA, 2003, p. 250.

140 Security


Summary Security, which is evaluated within the framework of the entity

problem, has been identified as one of the areas of international politics after the Second World War. It conceptually has a history as deep as the history of human being and gains meaning with risk and threat concepts. The end of the Cold War has caused changes in security perceptions, as well as in other sectors. In the new era, the system is altered due to the fundamental changes in conditions. Individuals, international organizations, international companies, national and international community are being accepted as new actors now. Globalization makes the relations between the actors of the system more complicated, while increasing interdependency among them. The above

mind. After the end of the Cold War, a discussion also started about how and by which instruments should the security be ensured.

Security, on whose definition there is no consensus, is evaluated within the framework of national security by the traditional security concept. In this concept, the important thing is to ensure military and political security of the nation state. National borders are untouchable and sovereignty is indivisible. According to the traditional security concept, which is represented by realist thought, security problems are constant, due to either human nature or structural factors. States have to rely on their own power and abilities to ensure security because collaborations do not make sense in most cases.

Contrary to these views, new security concept positions the individual and the society into the center of security. It evaluates security with different actors and different dimensions. Environment, society, and economy are identified as new areas in security by Buzan. The new security concept states that the system has changed and the risks and threats have increased and diversified. It is not possible to solve the new security challenges with the old methods. Nation states are not able to overcome new threats because of the trans boundary

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nature of them. Therefore, the collaboration method should be preferred; international organizations and civil initiatives are to be activated. If human security can be established; a comprehensive and global security may also be ensured. Feminist theorists accept that it is a necessity to make fundamental revisions in existing security perceptions and applications to ensure the global security. On the other hand, critical approach emphasizes that individuals need to be liberated. According to them, reduction of the role of the nation state in international system will serve to the purpose of ensuring comprehensive security.

NATO and UN are special international organizations because they have been accepted as important elements of the international system not only during the Cold War period, but also after the Cold War. The purpose of both organizations is to prevent the deterioration of the security situation and to reconstruct the corrupted security situation. Both organizations have also been revised according to changing conditions of post Cold War era. This may be clearly observed when the

examined. The UN has been one of the main proponents of the human security concept. By means of new units created within the organization, security studies are carried out in the fields of society, individuals, environment, and economy.

NATO and UN are two actors of international system, which have solved the problem of survival and increased their efficiency level in the new era by revising themselves. Transformation of these two organizations can be considered as one of the proofs, which indicate that security concept has changed. Even though proponents of traditional security concept contradict, the security concept has changed as a result of the systematic and perceptual chana joint defense organization to a collective security organization and

142 Security


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