Presented to,Dr. Riffat-un-Nisa Awan

Presented by,Syeda Mehvish Dildar

And Social Influence

“Two or more individuals interacting with each other in order to accomplish a common goal.”

GROUP:A group may be defined as a number of

individuals who join together to achieve a goal. People join groups to achieve goals that cannot be achieved by them alone.

Johnson & Johnson (2006)

.

Group dynamics contains two terms: group and dynamics.

Group is basically a collectivity of two or more persons. Dynamics comes from

Greek word meaning FORCE.Thus, “Group dynamics is concerned with the interactions of forces among group members in a social situation.”

Two or more people

Shared goals

People see themselvesAs members

There is interactionAmong members

Group

FORMAL GROUPS – created by the organization, intentionally designed to direct its members toward some organizational goals.

COMMAND GROUP – determined by the connections between individuals who are a formal part of the organization.

TASK GROUP – formed around some specific task.

INFORMAL GROUPS – develop naturally among an organization’s personnel without any direction from the management of the organization within which they operate

INTEREST GROUP – a group of employees who come together to satisfy a common interest

FRIENDSHIP GROUPS – informal group that develop because their members are friends, often seeing each other outside of the organization.

Who won, and why?

Did your group act like this…

… Or like this?

Groups with High Cohesiveness Get Better Results!

Members get to know

each other & set ground

rules

Members come to Resist

Control bygroup

Leaders &Show

hostility

MembersWork

Togetherdeveloping

CloseRelationships& feelings ofCohesiveness

Group members

worktowards Getting

their jobs done

Group may

disband eitherafter

meeting their goals or because members

Leave

Stage IForming

Stage IIStorming

Stage IIINorming

Stage IVPerforming

Stage VAdjourning

Group dynamics: An optimum model

Group Task and Group Productivity

The more complex the task, the more it is non-routine and requires a range of skills, the more important group process becomes! • People can be more productive when working in groups than when working alone, if the obstacles to group productivity are avoided.

• Synergy is a biological term referring to an action of two or more substances that result in an effect that is more than the mere summation of the individual substances; the whole is more than the sum of its parts (2 + 2 = 5).

• Process loss is the difference between what is actually produced by a group and what could have been produced by the group when you consider its inputs (2 + 2 = 3).