grid enabled occupational data environment geode project, march 2007 vernon gayle and paul lambert
DESCRIPTION
Occupational Analysis – the examples of: - the Youth Cohort Study of England & Wales - ‘By Slow Degrees’ - social mobility research. Grid Enabled Occupational Data Environment GEODE Project, March 2007 Vernon Gayle and Paul Lambert University of Stirling. Part1: Youth Cohort Study 1985-2005. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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GEODE, March 2007
Occupational Analysis – the examples of: - the Youth Cohort Study of England & Wales - ‘By Slow Degrees’ - social mobility research
Grid Enabled Occupational Data Environment
GEODE Project, March 2007
Vernon Gayle and Paul Lambert
University of Stirling
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GEODE, March 2007
Part1: Youth Cohort Study 1985-2005
Change and Stability:
* The questionnaire designed to be broadly comparable
* External changes and shifts in policy interests have brought about changes
* Changes – Major and Minor!
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GEODE, March 2007
Problems Relating to Occupational Information in YCS
* Generic problems to collecting and coding occupational
information
* Some specific to the YCS
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GEODE, March 2007
Examples from Questionnaires
* Parental information is collected
* Although the exact information collected has changed
* Usually information on job title and self-employment
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GEODE, March 2007
Examples from Questionnaires
* Remember that this is a postal questionnaire survey
* Asking a 16/17 year old about their parent’s job
YCS 1 apprx 6130 Dads working full-time
apprx 5524 occupational codes (apprx 10% missing)
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GEODE, March 2007
Examples from Questionnaires
* Documentation is very poor especially in the older
cohorts – usually handwritten annotation on
questionnaires (pdf)
* Compare this with the BHPS for example
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GEODE, March 2007
Examples from Questionnaires YCS1
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GEODE, March 2007
Examples from Questionnaires YCS10
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GEODE, March 2007
Examples of Analyses
* Drew et al. (1992) analyses earlier data constructed a measure (Professional; Intermediate; Manual)
* Gayle et al. (2000 & 2002) analysis of YCS 3 constructed a measure of family social class (highest - father or mother) using Registrar General
* Raffe et al. (2006) undertaking cross-cohort analyses harmonised a variable based on NS S-EC (Managerial/Professional; Intermediate; Manual)
* Connolly (2006) analysing YCS 9 & 10 relied on a modified version of Registrar General deposited with the data
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GEODE, March 2007
What is there?
* Some early cohorts often code parental occupations using C080
* Later cohorts use SOC90
* Some cohorts do not included detail occupational codes
* Generally there is self-employment information - but not detailed employment status information (e.g. Employers; Managers; Supervisors etc).
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GEODE, March 2007
What is there?
* Some cohorts include a SEG measure (e.g. standard 16 categories in YCS 7) there is no clear information on how these are derived but other cohorts do not
* Cohort 9 reports SEG but in practice this is a modified version of the Registrar General Schema with (Class I and Class II merged)
* Parental occupation normally asked in sweep 1 – YCS3 asks in sweep 2 and there is apprx. 24% sample attrition
* Later YCS cohorts – more thought into collection of appropriate data but data coding is still problematic
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GEODE, March 2007
What is the problem?
* Varying quality of occupational information
* Compared to some other survey little attempt to sort out occupational information
* Raffe et al. tried to work up a ‘time-series’ data set with a harmonised family social class measure – see also team member Croxford (2004)
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GEODE, March 2007
Can Geode help?
* In principle yes – overall task of harmonisation
* Definitely for YCS data depositors!
* In practice Gayle et al. could have been helped directly in the construction of their family RG Social Class measure
* In the talk only mentioned family social class – but there is also occupational information on young workers
* In principle the GEODE idea could extend to qualifications – harmonising qualification is equally problematic in the YCS
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GEODE, March 2007
Example 2: By Slow Degrees
Lambert, PS., Prandy, K. and Bottero, W. (2007) “By Slow Degrees: Two centuries of social reproduction and mobility in Britain”, Sociological Research Online, 12(1).
http://www.socresonline.org.uk/12/1/prandy.html
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GEODE, March 2007
(1): R2=0.55, B=-0.0012, P_1900=0.439, P_2000=0.316
(2): R2=0.09, B=-0.0012, P_1900=0.439, P_2000=0.319
0.1
.2.3
.4.5
.6
1780 1805 1830 1855 1880 1905 1930 1955 1980
FHS data (1) Linear regression, all data
All other surveys (2) Linear regression, excluding FHS
Father-Son correlation by birth cohort and study
(1): R2=0.12, B=-0.0006, P_1900=0.354, P_2000=0.293
(2): R2=0.08, B=-0.0013, P_1900=0.387, P_2000=0.258
-.1
0.1
.2.3
.4.5
.6
1780 1805 1830 1855 1880 1905 1930 1955 1980Birth cohort (by decade)
Father-Daughter correlation by birth cohort and study
Source: Data as Table 2. All ages combined, panel duplicates excluded. N used = 103,357 men; 60,714 women. 10 year cohort-by-study combinations with 50+ cases (light shaded = 50-399 cases; dark = 400+ cases).
Figure 1: Intergenerational CAMSIS correlations
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GEODE, March 2007
-50
51
0
(1) LinearOLS
(2) QuadraticOLS
(3) BandedOLS
(4) Robust clusters(survey + region)
(5) Panel (BHPS, PCB only)
M F M F M F M F M F
Source: Data as Table 2, panel duplicates excluded 1-4. Model 1, N=110319 men, 67344 women. Regression: own CAMSIS = father's CAMSIS[F] + age + year of birth[Y] + Y.F interaction. Models 1, 4, 5 fit Y.F as linear effect, model 2 as quadratic, model 3 uses 10-year bands.
Decline in main effects of father's occupation over 200 year periodFigure 6: Intergenerational interaction effects
Main effect (CAMSIS gain for 15 units of father's CAMSIS, if born in 1800)
Interaction effect (Change in relative gain, if born in 2000)
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GEODE, March 2007
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GEODE, March 2007
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GEODE, March 2007
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GEODE, March 2007
Meta-analysis of occupations – could GEODE help?
Yes of course!! – Documentation of occupational translations
• E.g. Scotland 1974 Stratification survey
• European Social Survey 2003
– ..could have accessed occupational data
Not so sure…– Extended period of research, dedicated manual processing
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GEODE, March 2007
Summary: GEODE and occupational data analysis
The data resources are ultimately there
Analysts currently undertake most of the groundwork
GEODE as a data processing service– Access to suitable resources– Documentation of occupational data processing– Quick solutions for simpler jobs..