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1/19

The Emerging New Generation of

Community Forestry

Towards protecting more forests, more rapidly, to

address Forest Loss and Climate Change

Eduardo QueblatinFormer Program Coordinator

With Acknowledgementto EC, UNDP , SEARCA &SGPPTF Partners

The EC UNDP Small Grants Programme

for Operations to Promote Tropical Forests( SGP PTF )


2/19

Community Forestry a nice concept

But can it help in a really major way to

help prevent forest loss and deal withclimate change ?

What can be done is Asia , particularlySouthEast Asia ( with its remaining tropicalforests , biodiversity)?


3/19

EC Grant of EU 15 M ( TFBL)

2001--2007

Building on the principles of GEFSmall Grants Program

8 countries1,000+ forest communitiesThrough 247 sub grantees

Implementation:United Nations DevelopmentProgram (UNDP)Execution: Southeast AsisRegional Center for GraduateStudy and Research in Agriculture(SEARCA)

Southeast

AsiaCambodia

Indonesia

Malaysia

Philippines

Thailand

Vietnam

SouthAsia

Sri Lanka

Pakistan

Small Grants Programfor Operations to

Promote of TropicalForests. SGP PTF


4/19

Sustainable Forest Management (SFM ) Agenda of many Asian countries

Photo from www.fao.org

One

governmentforest guard

Limited NationalGovernmentresources +policyambivalence

up to

12T hectaresto protect

=

limited scope and

pace of forestprotection andregeneration

A key challenge:

=


5/19

Contribution

to SFM

Logging

concessions +statecorporations

Community

forestry +industrialplantations+ protected areas

Time

Sustainable Forest Management (SFM)

Trends in Country Agenda setting

High hopes for Community Forestry (CF)

Expanding # of good cases , but overall, slowreplication process ( policy, institutional etc)

Can this desirable modality cover more ground ?


6/19

SGP PTF experience confirms

observations of previous EC initiatives

Community forestry ( CF ) .

contributes to rural poverty alleviation

Given the appropriate support, can protectmore forests at faster pace

. Major input to SFM Agenda to more rapidlyaddress forest loss and climate change


7/19

What communities with appropriate support,can achieve---

Milestones of SGPPTF assisted communities and partners

Efforts of 1,000+ communities 800,000 hectares+ of forests under varying intensities of

protection and regeneration

EC Grant Resources used= EU 13 M ,

Forest Area covered /Grant funds used= EU 16.00/hectare*

*Illustrative Donor /government reforestation budget = EU 350.00/hawith no guarantee of sustainability


8/19

What we are learning :How to sustainand expand community forestry

Guarantee benefits to community in return toguarding the forests

Help them cope with rapid social change Support food systems and livelihoods

Tap Local Government support

Engage the middle class or else

Combine Small Grants with serious knowledgeManagement


9/19

In countries with incipient legal framework

(e.g Thailand, Malaysia ,Sri Lanka )E.g. interim agreements with local governments

and local forest offices

In countries with improving legal framework

( e.g. Philippines , Cambodia, Vietnam )help communities navigate complex rules ;

aim for local government support

1. Guarantee benefits to

communities in returnto guarding the forests( resource access

security)


10/19

2. To Cope with rapid

social change, affirm andtap local knowledge

EU Parliamentarians visitSarawak

Need more than justAnthropologicalstudies

Include LocalKnowledge in dailylife even better e.g.

in education

in local govt plans etc

Indigenous forest communities


11/19

3. Support Food systems + simple

livelihood for different types of rural poor

Forest based enterprises(for the :the improving poor)

Agro forestry based food

systems .( for the the copingpoor*)

Simple improvements on Non

timber forest products ( NTFP)systems( for the the very poor)

Other cross cutting

modalities:

Water supply, fuel woodefficiency

Community savingsprograms


12/19

4. Fully engage local

governments

Decentralization trends

Increasing devolved resources low cost, long term support to

CF( vs high intensity, shortduration donor support

Can draw multi sectoralsupport

45% of SGPPF Partner communities are nowlinked with Local Government programs.

3 Types of Local

Governments:

Those under Elitecapture

Those starting local NRMprograms

Those wanting to start

NRM but dont know how

Start with these

Could be

35 % of local

governments


13/19

Mutual benefit between forest communities and

Local GovernmentThe case of national government pine forests in a Java District

Community:needed moreland formultistorycommunity

forests

The LocalGovernment:concerned w/effect of Pineforest plantationon the municipalwatershed .

Together they negotiate with National Government.

Results :

*Forest Land allocated to communities .

*Local Government supports the community

agroforestry based rural industry;

water supply protected Improves local revenues

+


14/19

Malaysia : Celebrities help buildawareness among urban sectors

5. Engage the middle class or else

could obstruct community forestry due fears of communityinduced deforestation and pollution . E.g. case in Thailand


15/19

Community and Local Government

Ventures in forest protection.

Builds on National policy reforms in the forestryand governance sectors

Driven by guaranteed local benefit from forests

Low intensity, but long term funding from LG

large reforestation subsidies not needed in all

cases Example : Assisted Natural Regeneration or

ANR 30% of usual cost of reforestation


16/19

6. Combine Small Grants + Knowledge

Management (KM) to rapidly spread goodpractices and help improve policy

KnowledgeManagementLearnings fromthe SGP PTF

ASEAN Regional Dialogue

ASEAN Social ForestryNetwork

ASEAN CENTER forBIODIVESITY

National Policy

Spread Practice bycommunities

and Local Governments

through peer to peer learning

Example:

Vietnamcase


17/19

The emerging new generation CF :

Communitieswith improvingresource access

LocalGovernments

Social/economicservices

Low costforestmanagementpractices

=+ +

Wider areasof forest

protected andregeneratedat faster pace

Build onimproving

national legalframeworks

Begin with the 35%of Local

Governments(the good types)

Traditional + Scienceassisted systems


18/19

SustainableForestManagement

(SFM)

With wider,faster effort

Addressing climate change :

Role of the new generation CF

Addressing climate change :

Role of the new generation CFNew CF modality:

Communities + LocalGovernments + lowcost technologies

Backbone for grounding international forest strategiese.g. :

Reduced Emission from Deforestation and Degradation (REDD) ,

Payment for Environmental Services( PES)

Forest Law Enforcement , Governance and Trade ( FLEGT)

Social Capital

More effectivepreventionmitigation andadaptation toclimate change


19/19

Summary: From long term studies and

recent experience through projects likeSGP PTF (with support from EC ):

A new generation of CF is emerging: Communities + Local Governments + low cost forest

management strategies

With appropriate support, the new generation CF canprotect more forests, more rapidly and at probably lessercosts, to address forest loss and climate change

The EC UNDP Small Grants Programme for

Operations to Promote Tropical Forests( SGP PTF)

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