green building and energy efficiency

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US Energy Consumption by Sector, 2012, DOE/EIA

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US Electricity Consumption by Sector, 2012, DOE/EIA

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Why Start with End Use Demand?

•  It’smuchmorecost-effec/vetocutdemandthanincreasesupply!

•  Peoplewant“energyservices”not“energy”– Hea/ng/cooling–  Ligh/ng–  Transporta/on–  Etc.

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We Once Thought Green Building Offered A Pathway to a Better Future

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CategoriesofConcern(LEED2009):•  LandUse/Transporta/on(26%)•  WaterUse(10%)•  EnergyUseReduc/on(35%)•  Materials&ResourceConserva/on(14%)•  IndoorEnvironmentalQuality(15%)

Results:LEEDCer/fied~35,000projectsthrough2016,~20%outsidetheUS(Canada,China,Brazil)

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•  Resourcesavings(energy,water,waste)– Averageenergysavings15%-25%vs.conven/onal•  Notwelldocumented,however

•  Improvedbuildingdesigns,materials&integrateddesignprocesses

•  Healthierbuildings(IAQ,dayligh/ng,views)•  Higherrents&salesprice(commercialrealestate)•  Produc/vitygains

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Source: US DOE/EIA; Architecture 2030

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•  Defini/onofa“good”building–changed•  Architecturaleduca/on&prac/ce-changed•  Buildingengineeringprac/cechanged,esp.toreduceenergyuse– E.g.,60kBtu/sq.e./yearwasthenormforoffices– Now30kBtu/sq.e./yearisachievedincommonprac/ce

– Netzeroenergyisachievablenowinmanyprojects•  Construc/onprac/ces–changed•  Policymakers&gov’tagencies-educated

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We Started with a Simple System…

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Vs.

Consider: >10,500 interpretations of 69 credits!

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US Nonresidential LEED Certified Projects

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US Nonresidential LEED Market Uptake

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US Higher Education LEED Market Uptake

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•  Exis/ngcer/fica/onsystems,suchasLEED,won’tgetuswhereweneedtogo,EVER

•  Buildingcodes(e.g.,CALGreeninCA)offersomebenefitsin“raisingthefloor”forall,butchangeinoverallcarbonfootprintislimited

•  Greenbuildinghasfailedtodeliverenoughbusinessbenefitsatcurrentcoststogainwidespreadadop/on

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Is There a Better Way �to Build Green?

Toget10xgreateruptakein10years?

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•  Worthwhilegoalforeverynewproject– Hardonbuildingsabove4stories

•  Combinelowenergyusew/renewables– Onsitesolar

•  Lookforzeronetenergyretrofitopportuni/es Singapore BCA Academy

Net Zero Retrofit, 2009

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•  Cincinna/PoliceHQ•  40,000sq.e.,2015occupancy

•  EUI:27kBtu/sq.e./year(firstyear)– 67%belowconven/onal

•  PV:327kWrooeop/parkingstructure

•  40geothermalwells•  Design/build:nobudgetincrease!

Architect: emersionDESIGN LLC

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Rooftop Solar PV PV on Parking Canopy

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•  Radicallycutcarbonemissions–primarygoal– 2030goals:zeronetenergyonALLnewbuildings

•  Reinventgreenra/ngsasmanagementtoolsforcon/nuousimprovement

•  SetBigHairyAudaciousGoals(BHAGs):Increaseuptake10xin10years,from4%to40%ofbuildingarea

•  Howcanwedothisfastandcheap?

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•  Technologymegatrendspusheverytoolandsystemtobesmaller,faster,lighter,cheaper,denser,withmoreuserengagement,etc.

•  Greenbuildingcanpiggybackonthesemegatrends

•  Whatweneedaretech-enabled“smart”greenbuildings,withequally“smart”ra/ngandassessmentsystems

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•  Cloudcompu/ng,BigDataanaly/cs,InternetofThings,cheapsensors&algorithms

•  Realestateopera/onaldataisakeyasset•  Mostfacilitymanagementwillbeoutsourced– Centralizeintelligence,butdecentralizesensing

•  Opportuni/eshuge:Microsoesaves$8M/yearonenergyatRedmond,WAcampus

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•  UseBigDataanaly/cstostreamlineevalua/ons•  Leveragealgorithmstoassesssustainability– Self-drivingcars

•  Cloudcompu/ngoffersthechancetostartcheaply,acrossmul/pledevices&proper/es

•  It’simportanttohavealow-costapproachthatmakessensetobuildingownersanddevelopers,aswellasgovernment

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•  Canyouhackcer/fyingnewsustainablebuildingsat1/10thto1/100ththecurrentcostand50xfaster?– Hint:Youmayhavetoauditresultsatrandom,liketheIRS– Usingonlyinputfromdesign&construc/ondocuments?

•  Canyoucomeupwithacredibleprogramformassivelyimprovingexis/ngbuildings’energyuse?– Meetgoalof50%lessenergyuseby2030– Usedronestodocumentenergywasteviathermography?– Usevirtual/augmentedrealitytodrivechange?

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•  MostefficientNet-Zeroenergyapproachesvs.climatezoneandbuildingtype

•  Benefitsofdistrict-scaleenergyvs.rooeopsolar;integra/onofrooeopsolarwithonsitestoragevs.“gridstorage”

•  Greenchemistryforhealthierbuildingmaterialsthatareascheap&effec/veascurrentlyused

•  “80/20”rulesforhealthybuildings(e.g.,whatspecificdifferencesmakethebiggestoveralldifference?)