Greek History

Ancient Philosophy

Stages

• Archiac

• Classical

• Hellenistic

Archiac

• Tribal Stage

• Bronze Age

Transition

• Dark Ages

Classical

• City-State Develops

• Persian Wars

• Age of Pericles

City-State Develops

• Re-discovery of Writing

• Cleisthenes' Reforms

• Homer (ca. 725) and Hesiod (ca. 700)

• Oligarchy vs. democracy; tyranny

• Hoplite military innovation (675)

• Draco and the Law (621)

Solon and reform (594)

• debt reduction (n.b. hektemoroi)• abolition of debt slavery• revision of law code • extension of citizenship• four-part social classification (by wealth)• increased eligibility for Council and Assembly• economic reforms

Peisistratus (560-546-527)

• Uprising of the rural areas

Cleisthene (508)

• tribal reorganization (10 tribes; 139 demes)

• Council of 500

• board of generals ("strategoi")

• ostracism

The Persian Wars, 499-449

• The Ionian Revolt, 499-493• Darius's Assault, 490

– Marathon under Miltiades• the Lull, 490-480• Xerxes's Assault, 480-479

– Thermopyle– Salamis– Plataea

• Delian League and the Greek Offensive• Peace of Callias, 449

• Perversion of the League

The Age of Pericles, 461-431

• The Empire• The Democracy

– payment for public service– wider eligibility for office– increased use of the lot

• The City• Culture • Peloponnesian War (431-404)

Sicilian Campaign

• Defeat of Athens

• loss of fleet

• destruction of Long Walls and Piraeus walls

• loss of imperial holdings

Hellenistic

• Philip II and the Rise of Macedon

• Alexander the Great

• Helenistic Empires