great mosque at cordoba

8/12/2019 great mosque at cordoba

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UMAYYAD ARCHITECTURE (661M-

976M)

The Great Palace Of Al-hambra

The Great Mosque Of Cordova


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Introduction

Muawiyah Bin Abu

Sufyan

(661-680M)

Abdul Malik Bin Malik

(685-705M)

Umar Bin Abdul Aziz

(717-720M)Hisyam Bin Abdul Malik

(724-743M)

Abdul Rahman I

(756-788M)

Abdul Rahman II

(822-825M)

Abdul Rahman III

(912-961M)

Abdul Rahman IV

(961-976M)

DAMASCUS

SPAIN


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Territory


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Significant Building During Umayyad Period

Great mosque of damascus-

Syria

Dome of the rock-

Jerusalem

Al-aqsa mosque-Jerusalem

Great Mosque Cordoba-Spain

Al-Hambra palace- Spain


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ALHAMBRA

PALACE,

SPAINIT IS THE MOST FAMOUS EXAMPLE OF THE

ISLAMIC INFLUENCE IN SPAIN.

ERAZ AQILAH BINTI TAJUL EDRUS

MINA AAINAA BINTI MOHD SANUSINUR IZYAN BINTI OTHMAN


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CHRONOLOGY OF ISLAMIC

SPAIN 636-700 rapid expansion of islam following Muhammads

wafat.

756 -the arrival of prince Abdul Al Rahman in Spain from

Morocco as the soul surviving member of the Umayyad

Dynasty of Damascus.

1238- The Alhambra was begun. It was built on the hill

Sabikah for defensive reasons. Ibn

al-ahmar founded the

Nasrid Dynasty, and has

built the Alhambra.

Islam was spread rapidly

into West Asia , North

Africa and finally to Spain.


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HISTORY

Alhambra is an ancient arab fortress located on the hills closeto Granada

Alhambra : The Red one (red colour of the walls around

Alhambra.

Its principal architectural form was the mosque, which in the

early days of the religion was a simple hypostyle hall oriented

to Mecca.

The Umayyad caliphs in Spain made Cordoba its capital and

erected a splendid mosque there.

Cordoba is the new center in Spain Alhambra is first and foremost a fortification, defined by a

defensive wall.


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SITE PLAN OF ALHAMBRA


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ARMORY

define by a

defensive wall by

towers and gatewas heavily

fortified with a

watch tower

PALACE OF

CHARLES V

ARAB BATHS

GATE OF JUSTICE

(BAB AL-SHARIA)

2ndenterance

PALACE COMPLEX


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PALACE COMPLEX


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COURT OF THE

MYRTLES

COURT OF THE

LIONS


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The palace enterance is Bab al-Ghadur,

rename by christians the Gate of the Seven

Floors

The 2ndenterance, Bab al-Shariarenamed the

Gate of Justice.

a dense network of rooms

mediated by airy gardens with pools of water

Watersignificant of luxury

The Alhambras design is exquisitely simple:basic square-shaped building with courts.

Any extension was connected by a passage.

The true visual joy is when you walk into the


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COURT OF THE MYRTLES

For sovereign andentourage


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COURT OF THE LIONS

for public

ceremonials

four channels of water,

representing the four rivers

of Paradise declared in the

Qurancolumnar portico

surrounding the courtyard


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ARCHITECTURAL ELEMENTS

Increadible richness of decoration

> MOJALICAS

ARABESQUES

, seen all over

the wall of

alhambra

geometry, floral

pattern


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COURTYARD-a transitional area between

the administrative section of the royal

precinct and the Palace of Comares

WATER ELEMENT-architecture &

nature are fused so harmoniously

Court of the Lions


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MATERIAL (Stained glass)- The mysterious light that

filters today through the window of the throne room


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MUQARNAS dome, seen in hall of

Two Sisters.

Every known honeycombpattern

is used in the ceiling design, whichcomprises 5000 cells.

FLOOR , the square is paved

with

coloured tile sand the colonnadewith white marble.


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The Great Mosque Of Cordoba

(784)


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The Great Mosque Of Cordoba

The site originally a Pagan Temple, then

a Visigoth Christian church, Church of St. Vincent during years 600

Then the Umayyad moors come and converted the building into the

mosque and then build a mosque on the site.

The one of the most accomplished monuments of Islamicarchitecture

After the Spanish Reconquista, it once again became a Roman

Catholic church

Great Mosque of Cordoba was begun between 784 and 786 during

the reign of 'Abd al-Rahman I


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Architectural features

Square and rectangular plans

Hypostyle prayer hall

Double arches construction

Horseshoe arches (originally from visigoth architecturearches without keystone)

Courtyard

Alternating red and white voussoirs (Inspired from dome

of the rock) Use Ashlar construction


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THE GREAT MOSQUE OF CORDOBA


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AERIAL VIEW


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Stages extension of the mosque .


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Elevated view of mosque with sixteenth

century cathedral inserted at center. Courtof Oranges seen in the lower foreground

Court of Oranges, elevated view

from north with courtyard portal to

prayer hall

Architectural

element


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Architectural element

The system of columns

supporting double

arcades of piers and

arches with alternating

red and white voussoirsis an unusual treatment

that, structurally,

combined striking visual

effect with the practical

advantage of providinggreater height within the

hall.


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Interior view of the prayer hall, looking

through the maqsura towards Qibla

wall

Interior view of the maqsura,

showing polylobed arches before

the qibla wall (to the right)


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Interior view of the maqsura; ribbedvault before door to the right (west)

of mihrab (Bab al-Amir)

Interior view of the maqsura; mihrab.

Mihrab chamber is seen through the

archway


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interior view of the maqsura; ribbed vault before

mihrab and zone of transition


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Interior view of the Royal

Chapel (Capilla Real),

showing zone of transition

with ribbed vault


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References

http://www.spanisharts.com/arquitectura/i_prerromanico

_visigodo.html

archnet.org/library/images/umayyad style

wikipedia.org/wiki/Umayyad_Mosque

Nuhan N. Khaury,The meaning of the great mosque of

cordoba in 10thcentury,Page81-94,Independent

publisher

A global history of architecture/Francis D.K Ching, MarkJarzombek, Vikramaditya Prakash , Published by John

Wiley & sons Inc., Hoboken, New jersey
http://www.spanisharts.com/arquitectura/i_prerromanico_visigodo.htmlhttp://www.spanisharts.com/arquitectura/i_prerromanico_visigodo.htmlhttp://www.spanisharts.com/arquitectura/i_prerromanico_visigodo.htmlhttp://www.spanisharts.com/arquitectura/i_prerromanico_visigodo.html

great mosque at cordoba

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