gray’s anatomy multimedial unit of dept. of anatomy ju · multimedial unit of dept. of anatomy ju...
TRANSCRIPT
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Multimedial Unit of Dept. of Anatomy JU
GRAY’S
Anatomy
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Skull: anterior view. Rifht orbit: frontal and lateral view
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Surface anatomy of the eye
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Question:
● Which muscle elevates the upper eyelid and which muscle
constricts the eyelids?
● What is the innervation of these muscles?
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The contents of the orbit, sagittal section.
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Structure of the eyelids and conjunctiva
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Lacrimal apparatus
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Obstructions to lacrimal drainage
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Question:
● Paralysis of which nerve (nerves) may cause the eye to dry out?
Try to guess why?
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Transverse section through the eyeball
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Reference lines and points on the eye
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Optical axis and orbital axis
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The muscles of the left orbit, lateral view.
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Position ofthe lens and cornea in the eyeball
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The lens and ciliary body
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Growth of the lens and zones of discontinuity
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Question:
● What is cataract?
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Structure of the cornea
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Question:
● Why a corneal transplant can be performed without
rejection response?
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Pupil size
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Question:
● Try to guess what may cause changes of the pupil size?
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Causes of miosis and mydriasis
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Structure of the iris
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Question:
● What is glaucoma?
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Obstruction of aqueous drainage
and glaucoma
Normal drainage of aqueous humor
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Parts of the retina
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Structure of the retina
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The retina contains 100-125 milion rods, which are
responsible for twilight and night vision, but only about
6-7 milion cones (different cones are specialized for
the perception of red, green, and blue).
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Optic disk ("blind spot")
and lamina cribrosa
Macula lutea
and fovea centralis
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Arterial blood supply of the optic nerve and optic nerve head
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Question:
● What can you see during ophthalmoscopic examination
of the optic fundus?
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Ophthalmoscopicexamination of the optic fundus
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In direct ophthalmoscopy, the following structures
can be directly evaluated:
● the condition of the retina
● the blood vessels (particularly the central retinal artery)
● the optic disk (where the optic nerve emerges from the
eyeball)
● the macula lutea and fovea centralis
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Location of the extraocular muscles
(extrinsic eye muscles)
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Innervation of the extraocular muscles
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Function and innervation of the extraocular muscles
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The six cardinal directions of gaze
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Oculomotor palsies
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Branches of ophthalmic artery Veins of the orbit
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Innervation of the orbit
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Posterior wall of the orbit: common tendinous ring and sites of passage of neurovascular
structures through the optic canal and superior orbital fissure
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Thank you very much
Fot. J. Urbaniak