grand paysage
DESCRIPTION
This article is a summary of a major current urban research project called ‘the Euro-Mediterranean Urban Voids Ecology’ (EMUVE ), an EU funded research project which is focused on the study and recovering of existing voids produced by current shrinking cities mainly at the Euro-Mediterranean coastline.TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Grand Paysage](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022012402/568c38171a28ab02359dc916/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Post -industrial Landscape SeminarWSA - Cardiff University - November 2011
Th e ‘Grand Paysage’Transformations between Memory and Invention In Europe
Dr Cristian Suau
Welsh School of ArchitectureCardiff University - Prifysgol Caerdydd
email: [email protected]
www: WSA - http://www.cardiff.ac.uk/archi/suau.php ECOFABRICA - www.ecofab.org
![Page 2: Grand Paysage](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022012402/568c38171a28ab02359dc916/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
“Management in line with landscape quality objectives also calls for education and training, including training for specialists, elected representatives and the technical staff of local, regional and national authorities, and school and university courses dealing with values attached to the landscape and its protection, management and planning.”
Th e European Landscape Convention, Florence, 2000
![Page 3: Grand Paysage](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022012402/568c38171a28ab02359dc916/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Post -industrial Landscape SeminarWSA - Cardiff University - November 2011
Abstract
![Page 4: Grand Paysage](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022012402/568c38171a28ab02359dc916/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Barcelona cable car
![Page 5: Grand Paysage](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022012402/568c38171a28ab02359dc916/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Th e ‘Grand Paysage’Transformations between Memory and Invention In Europe
“Th e ‘pastoral’, it seems, is outmoded. Th e gardens of history are being replaced by sites of times”. Robert Smithson (1968)
Are there any embryonic landscapes that have been developed from industrial ruins?
Globally the remaking of post-industrial large parks –as complex and dynamic systems- involve fundamental alterations of the land.
Th ey are mainly based on pragmatic principles of rebuilding and transformation. Th erefore, how can the ‘Grand Paysage’ become an instrument of memory whilst open to changes and inventions?
![Page 6: Grand Paysage](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022012402/568c38171a28ab02359dc916/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Barcelona port
![Page 7: Grand Paysage](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022012402/568c38171a28ab02359dc916/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Th e ‘Grand Paysage’Transformations between Memory and Invention In Europe Th is study refl ects on the design process, forms and meanings of paradigmatic European post-industrial landscapes which represents a new type of landscape characterised by large scale interventions.
Spain and Germany have initiated some of the most signifi cant ex-amples of post-industrial landscape design in Europe a few decades ago, setting examples that have been followed in most major metro-politan areas across Europe.
Th e comparative cases are Barcelona (port and industrial districts) and Zollverein in Essen (UNESCO listed site).
![Page 8: Grand Paysage](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022012402/568c38171a28ab02359dc916/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Barcelona Tibidabo
![Page 9: Grand Paysage](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022012402/568c38171a28ab02359dc916/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Th e ‘Grand Paysage’Transformations between Memory and Invention In Europe Th ese chosen examples have not adopted the principle of tabula rasa or erasure but are able to evoke the past whilst metamorphosing to-wards the future.
Th e key design strategy has been to ‘protect the destruction’ by re-newing the site while preserving their uniqueness of structures and forms; and enhancing the new ecologies that have established on each site.
Here the applied design strategies were twofold: Remaking each site by revealing the memory and reinventing the context.
![Page 10: Grand Paysage](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022012402/568c38171a28ab02359dc916/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Post -industrial Landscape SeminarWSA - Cardiff University - November 2011
Barcelona (port and industrial districts)
![Page 11: Grand Paysage](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022012402/568c38171a28ab02359dc916/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Barcelona grid by Ildefons Cerdà
![Page 12: Grand Paysage](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022012402/568c38171a28ab02359dc916/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Th e urbanisation of Barcelona
![Page 13: Grand Paysage](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022012402/568c38171a28ab02359dc916/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Barcelona cable car
![Page 14: Grand Paysage](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022012402/568c38171a28ab02359dc916/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Barcelona - street junctions and tram transport by Ildefons Cerdà
![Page 15: Grand Paysage](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022012402/568c38171a28ab02359dc916/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Barcelona - Estació de França
![Page 16: Grand Paysage](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022012402/568c38171a28ab02359dc916/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Barcelona attacked by Italian fascist airforces 1937
![Page 17: Grand Paysage](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022012402/568c38171a28ab02359dc916/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Barcelona - informal sprawl along the coast line 1956
![Page 18: Grand Paysage](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022012402/568c38171a28ab02359dc916/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Post -industrial Landscape SeminarWSA - Cardiff University - November 2011
Industrial Exhbibition in Barcelona:1888
![Page 19: Grand Paysage](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022012402/568c38171a28ab02359dc916/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Barcelona emerging grid industrial townscape 1888
Barcelona Expo 1888 Aerial view & master plan
![Page 20: Grand Paysage](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022012402/568c38171a28ab02359dc916/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Barcelona - view before the Expo 1888
![Page 21: Grand Paysage](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022012402/568c38171a28ab02359dc916/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Barcelona Industrial area nearby Mont Juic
Barcelona 1888:Large exhibition naves
![Page 22: Grand Paysage](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022012402/568c38171a28ab02359dc916/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Barcelona Port 2011
Barcelona - Caixa Forum:converted textile factory 2011
![Page 23: Grand Paysage](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022012402/568c38171a28ab02359dc916/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Post -industrial Landscape SeminarWSA - Cardiff University - November 2011
Industrial Exhbibition in Barcelona:1929
![Page 24: Grand Paysage](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022012402/568c38171a28ab02359dc916/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Barcelona Expo1929 Swedish Pavilion
![Page 25: Grand Paysage](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022012402/568c38171a28ab02359dc916/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Barcelona Expo1929 German Pavilion - preliminary drawings
![Page 26: Grand Paysage](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022012402/568c38171a28ab02359dc916/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Barcelona Expo1929 Public transport - electric carriage
![Page 27: Grand Paysage](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022012402/568c38171a28ab02359dc916/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Barcelona - informal sprawls along the coastline 1956
![Page 28: Grand Paysage](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022012402/568c38171a28ab02359dc916/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Barcelona - Poble NouMunicipal Urban Strategy in ‘District @’ - 2003
![Page 29: Grand Paysage](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022012402/568c38171a28ab02359dc916/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Post -industrial Landscape SeminarWSA - Cardiff University - November 2011
Emscher Park, Germany
![Page 30: Grand Paysage](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022012402/568c38171a28ab02359dc916/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Aerial view of Essen 2011
![Page 31: Grand Paysage](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022012402/568c38171a28ab02359dc916/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Emscher Park, Essen 2011
![Page 32: Grand Paysage](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022012402/568c38171a28ab02359dc916/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Emscher Park, EssenIndustrial legacy
![Page 33: Grand Paysage](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022012402/568c38171a28ab02359dc916/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Zollverein ParkEmscher ParkEssen
![Page 34: Grand Paysage](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022012402/568c38171a28ab02359dc916/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
Zollverein plantEmscher Park, Essen
![Page 35: Grand Paysage](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022012402/568c38171a28ab02359dc916/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Zollverein Park, Essen (model)
![Page 36: Grand Paysage](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022012402/568c38171a28ab02359dc916/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
Zollverein Park, Essen
![Page 37: Grand Paysage](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022012402/568c38171a28ab02359dc916/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
Zollverein Park, Essen
![Page 38: Grand Paysage](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022012402/568c38171a28ab02359dc916/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
Post -industrial Landscape SeminarWSA - Cardiff University - November 2011
Zollverein in Emscher Park, Essen by OMA
![Page 39: Grand Paysage](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022012402/568c38171a28ab02359dc916/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
Zollverein Park, Masterplan by OMA (2002)
![Page 40: Grand Paysage](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022012402/568c38171a28ab02359dc916/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
Zollverein - Pit XIICoal washing plant
![Page 41: Grand Paysage](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022012402/568c38171a28ab02359dc916/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
Zollverein Museum by OMA (2008)
![Page 42: Grand Paysage](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022012402/568c38171a28ab02359dc916/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
Zollverein MuseumInstallation of the grand escalator
![Page 43: Grand Paysage](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022012402/568c38171a28ab02359dc916/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
Zollverein Museum & the grand escalator by OMA (2008)
![Page 44: Grand Paysage](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022012402/568c38171a28ab02359dc916/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
Zollverein Museum & the grand escalator by OMA (2008)
![Page 45: Grand Paysage](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022012402/568c38171a28ab02359dc916/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
Zollverein Museum inner circulation by OMA (2008)
![Page 46: Grand Paysage](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022012402/568c38171a28ab02359dc916/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
Zollverein 2011
![Page 47: Grand Paysage](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022012402/568c38171a28ab02359dc916/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
Post -industrial Landscape SeminarWSA - Cardiff University - November 2011
Th e Florence Convention: European Landscape Convention2000
![Page 48: Grand Paysage](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022012402/568c38171a28ab02359dc916/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
Th e European Landscape Conventionhttp://www.coe.int/t/dg4/cultureheritage/heritage/Landscape/default_en.asp
As a refl ection of European identity and diversity, the landscape is our living natural and cultural heritage, be it ordinary or outstanding, urban or rural, on land or in water.
Th e European Landscape Convention - also known as the Florence Convention, - promotes the protection, management and planning of European landscapes and organises European co-operation on landscape is-sues. Th e convention was adopted on 20 October 2000 in Florence (Italy) and came into force on 1 March 2004 (Council of Europe Treaty Series no. 176). It is open for signature by member states of the Council of Europe and for accession by the European Community and European non-member states. It is the fi rst in-ternational treaty to be exclusively concerned with all dimensions of European landscape.
What, according to the Convention, does the term “landscape” cover?
Th e landscape is part of the land, as perceived by local people or visitors, which evolves through time as a result of being acted upon by natural forces and human beings. “Landscape policy” refl ects the public au-thorities' awareness of the need to frame and implement a policy on landscape. Th e public is encouraged to take an active part in its protection, conserving and maintaining the heritage value of a particular land-scape, in its management, helping to steer changes brought about by economic, social or environmental necessity, and in its planning, particularly for those areas most radically aff ected by change, such as peri-urban, industrial and coastal areas.
![Page 49: Grand Paysage](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022012402/568c38171a28ab02359dc916/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
Identifying and protecting landscapes
Th e Convention sets great store by identifying and assessing landscapes through fi eld research by profes-sionals working in conjunction with local inhabitants. Each landscape forms a blend of components and structures: types of territories, social perceptions and ever-changing natural, social and economic forces. Once this identifi cation work has been completed and the landscape quality objectives set, the landscape can be protected, managed or developed.
Th e people at the heart of landscape policy
One of the major innovations of the European Landscape Convention is the defi nition of “landscape qual-ity objectives”, meaning, for a specifi c landscape, the formulation by the competent authorities of the aspi-rations of the public with regard to the landscape features of their surroundings. No longer the preserve of experts, landscape is now a policy area in its own right.
Management in line with landscape quality objectives also calls for education and training, including train-ing for specialists, elected representatives and the technical staff of local, regional and national authorities, and school and university courses dealing with values attached to the landscape and its protection, manage-ment and planning.
Landscape has no borders
Landscape is not a matter for individual states alone. It also needs to be considered in international policies and programmes.
![Page 50: Grand Paysage](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022012402/568c38171a28ab02359dc916/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
Co-operation between Parties is designed to enhance the eff ectiveness of the measures taken in each state, provide mutual technical and scientifi c assistance and facilitate exchanges of landscape specialists and the sharing of information on all matters relating to the Convention.
Transfrontier co-operation is encouraged at local and regional level and, where necessary, can pave the way for the preparation and implementation of joint landscape programmes. Th e Convention also established a Council of Europe Landscape Award, which the Council’s Committee of Ministers can award to a local or regional authority, or a group of such authorities (in one country or on a transfrontier basis) or a non-governmental organisation that has instituted a policy or measures to protect, manage and/or develop their landscape, which have proved lastingly eff ective and can thus serve as an ex-ample to other territorial authorities in Europe.
Th e Florence Convention and other international treaties
Th e European Landscape Convention introduced a Europe-wide concept centring on the quality of land-scape protection, management and planning and covering the entire territory, not just outstanding land-scapes. Th rough its ground-breaking approach and its broader scope, it complements the Council of Eu-rope’s and UNESCO’s heritage conventions.
![Page 51: Grand Paysage](https://reader030.vdocuments.mx/reader030/viewer/2022012402/568c38171a28ab02359dc916/html5/thumbnails/51.jpg)
Post -industrial Landscape SeminarWSA - Cardiff University - November 2011
Th anksDr Cristian Suau
Welsh School of ArchitectureCardiff University - Prifysgol Caerdydd
email: [email protected]
www: WSA - http://www.cardiff.ac.uk/archi/suau.php ECOFABRICA - www.ecofab.org