TheGrandBargain–

ASharedCommitmenttoBetterServePeopleinNeed

Istanbul,Turkey

23May2016

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Weliveinaworldwhereconflicts,naturaldisastersanddiseasearedrivingevergreaternumbersofpeopletoseekdesperateremediesfortheirhunger,safetyandsurvival.Theworldhasneverbeensowealthyandyetonthefrontlineofhumanitarianaction,wherecourageousworkistakingplacedaily,thelackofavailableresourcestosavelivesisaconstantlygrowingrisk.Thismassive,deepeningdeficitrequiresanambitious,globalandcollectiveresponse.

TheGrandBargainisaboutharnessingthevastexperienceandexpertisefromacrossthehumanitarianecosystemandbringingitintoarealignmentwhichisbetterpreparedfortacklingtheemergencyneedsofmorethan125millionpeople,fullyrecognisingthediverseneedsdefinedbytheirage,genderandabilities.

Itspurposeistoensurethatweareabletoanticipateandprepareforcrises,thatwecandeliverprotectionandassistancebettertothemostvulnerableandthatwecanrestoreopportunityanddignitytothem.TheGrandBargainrecognisesthat,facedwiththerealityofourwoefullyunder-resourcedhumanitarianresponse,thestatusquoisnolongeranoption.Wehavetodomuchmorefarbetter.Weneedtofindandcreateefficiency-whilealsodoingmoretoshrinkoverallneedsanddeepentheresourcebaseforfundinghumanitarianaction.

Aboveall,theGrandBargainisabouttheneedtoworktogetherefficiently,transparentlyandharmoniouslywithnewandexistingpartners,includingtheprivatesector,individualsandnon-traditionalsourcesoffunding.Thisrequiresustoinnovate,collaborateandadaptmind-sets.

Wecommittosupportlocalandnationalrespondersonthefrontline,improvetheuseofcashandincreaseflexiblefunding–justthreeofthewaysinwhichtheGrandBargainwillmakeadifferencetothelivesofpeopleinneed.Settingtargetswhichareglobal,aggregateandaspirationalwillkeepthesechangestoourbusinessmodeloncourseandallowustotrackprogress.Inthesamespirit,anunderstandinginherenttotheGrandBargainisthatbenefitsareforallpartners,notjustthebigorganisations.

Byoptimisingthecomparativeadvantageswhichexistthroughoutthehumanitarianecosystem–byplayingtoourrespectivestrengthsandusingthemcollectivelyasefficientlyandeffectivelyaspossible-wewanttoincreasetherangeanddiversityofpartnerswillingtocontribute.TheGrandBargainisalevelplayingfieldwhereweallmeetasequals.Itisrootedinthehumanitarianprinciplesaswellasrespectforoneanotheraspeers.

Werecognisethatenhancedtrustamongstdonorsandaidorganisations1canbeachievedbyholdingourselvesandoneanotheraccountablefordeliveringontheGrandBargainpolicycommitments.Andweacknowledgethatweneedtomovefromthepresentsupply-drivenmodeldominatedbyaidproviderstoademand-drivenmodelmoreresponsivetothepeopleweareassisting.

TruetoitsoriginsintheUNSecretary-General’sHigh-LevelPanel(HLP)ReportonHumanitarianFinancing,“TooImportanttoFail:addressingthehumanitarianfinancinggap”,theGrandBargain’spurposeistogetmoremeansintothehandsofpeopleinneed.Byincreasingefficiency,wecanshiftresourcesawayfromdrainingbackroomactivitiestofrontlinedelivery.TheHLPestimatedthe

1Theterm“organisations”referstoallhumanitarianaidprovidersincludingtheUN,itsagencies,fundsandprogrammes,IOM,nationalandinternationalNGOs,theInternationalRedCrossandRedCrescentMovement.

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fundinggapforhumanitarianactiontobeUS$15billion:webelievethatgreaterefficiencyandcollaborationwillcreateavirtuouscircle,drawinginmoreresourcesfromawiderrangeofstakeholders.

TheGrandBargainisnotapanaceaforalltheproblemsofthehumanitarianecosystem.Wedonotclaimtohaveallthesolutionsbutwebelievethatbycomingtogetherinasmallbutbroadlyrepresentativegroupofthesectorwehavenegotiatedaseriousandrealisticwayforward.Thisshouldbeseenasthefirststageofanongoingprocess.Wehopethatitwillbewidelydiscussedandweearnestlyencourageinterestedparties–includingcurrentpartnersinhumanitarianactionbutalsothosewhowishtojoinourcollectiveendeavour–toendorseitandoffertheirsupport.TheWorldHumanitarianSummitinIstanbul,wheretheGrandBargainwillbepresented,isoneoftheopportunitiesformakingacommitmenttoitsprinciplesandtheirimplementation.

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1. Greatertransparency

TheGrandBargaincommitsustoidentifyingandimplementingasharedopen-datastandardandcommondigitalplatformwhichwillenhancetransparencyanddecision-making.Thiswilldemonstratehowfundingmovesfromdonorsdownthetransactionchainuntilitreachesthefinalrespondersand,wherefeasible,affectedpeople.The‘donoharm’principlewillbesafeguarded,bothintermsofpoliticisedcontextandprotectionconcerns.TheInternationalAidTransparencyInitiative(IATI)iscurrentlythemostadvancedoptionforasharedopen-datastandard.Considerationwillbegiventoconcernsexpressedbypartnersregardingitsfunctionality,butwerecognisethatitisbettertodevelopanexistingstandardthantostartaparallelprocess.TheFinancialTrackingService(FTS)isawell-established,voluntaryinformationplatformforrecordinginternationalhumanitarianaidcontributions,whichweacceptneedsfurtherimprovements.

Aidorganisationsanddonorscommitto:

(1) Publishtimely,transparent,harmonisedandopenhigh-qualitydataonhumanitarianfundingwithintwoyearsoftheWorldHumanitarianSummitinIstanbul.WeconsiderIATItoprovideabasisforthepurposeofacommonstandard.

(2) Makeuseofappropriatedataanalysis,explainingthedistinctivenessofactivities,organisations,environmentsandcircumstances(forexample,protection,conflict-zones).

(3) Improvethedigitalplatformandengagewiththeopen-datastandardcommunitytohelpensure:

• accountabilityofdonorsandresponderswithopendataforretrievalandanalysis;• improvementsindecision-making,baseduponthebestpossibleinformation;• areducedworkloadovertimeasaresultofdonorsacceptingcommonstandard

dataforsomereportingpurposes;and• traceabilityofdonors’fundingthroughoutthetransactionchainasfarasthefinal

respondersand,wherefeasible,affectedpeople.

(4) Supportthecapacityofallpartnerstoaccessandpublishdata.

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2. Moresupportandfundingtoolsforlocalandnationalresponders

Nationalandlocalresponderscomprisinggovernments,communities,RedCrossandRedCrescentNationalSocietiesandlocalcivilsocietyareoftenthefirsttorespondtocrises,remaininginthecommunitiestheyservebefore,afterandduringemergencies.Wearecommittedtomakingprincipledhumanitarianactionaslocalaspossibleandasinternationalasnecessaryrecognisingthatinternationalhumanitarianactorsplayavitalroleparticularlyinsituationsofarmedconflict.Weengagewithlocalandnationalrespondersinaspiritofpartnershipandaimtoreinforceratherthanreplacelocalandnationalcapacities.

Aidorganisationsanddonorscommitto:

(1) Increaseandsupportmulti-yearinvestmentintheinstitutionalcapacitiesoflocalandnationalresponders,includingpreparedness,responseandcoordinationcapacities,especiallyinfragilecontextsandwherecommunitiesarevulnerabletoarmedconflicts,disasters,recurrentoutbreaksandtheeffectsofclimatechange.Weshouldachievethisthroughcollaborationwithdevelopmentpartnersandincorporatecapacitystrengtheninginpartnershipagreements.

(2) Understandbetterandworktoremoveorreducebarriersthatpreventorganisationsand

donorsfrompartneringwithlocalandnationalrespondersinordertolessentheiradministrativeburden.

(3) Supportandcomplementnationalcoordinationmechanismswheretheyexistandincludelocalandnationalrespondersininternationalcoordinationmechanismsasappropriateandinkeepingwithhumanitarianprinciples.

(4) Achieveby2020aglobal,aggregatedtargetofatleast25percentofhumanitarianfunding

tolocalandnationalrespondersasdirectlyaspossibletoimproveoutcomesforaffectedpeopleandreducetransactionalcosts.

(5) Develop,withtheInter-AgencyStandingCommittee(IASC),andapplya‘localisation’markertomeasuredirectandindirectfundingtolocalandnationalresponders.

(6) Makegreateruseoffundingtoolswhichincreaseandimproveassistancedeliveredbylocalandnationalresponders,suchasUN-ledcountry-basedpooledfunds(CBPF),IFRCDisasterReliefEmergencyFund(DREF)andNGO-ledandotherpooledfunds.

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3. Increasetheuseandcoordinationofcash-basedprogramming

Usingcashhelpsdelivergreaterchoiceandempowermenttoaffectedpeopleandstrengthenslocalmarkets,butremainsunderutilised.Whileitisnotapanacea,andthecontextwillultimatelydefinewhichtooltouse,donorsandaidorganisationsshouldroutinelyconsidercashwhenevaluatingresponseoptionsandsomedonorsmaywishtoscaleupsignificantly.Cashcannotmeetallneeds:investmentinpublicgoods,includingprotection,educationandhealthwillstillbeneeded.Deliveringcashshould,wherepossibleandappropriate,use,linkoralignwithlocalandnationalmechanismssuchassocialprotectionsystems.Itcanhavethegreatestimpactwhendeliveredasasinglemulti-sectortransfer,ratherthanbrokenintocomponentsforshelter,householdgoodsetc.andmaybecomplementedbyin-kindassistance,specialisedinterventions,specifictechnicalsupportandvouchers.Itshouldincludenewpartnerships,becoordinatedacrossaidorganisationsandbedeliveredthroughcommonmechanisms.Preparedness,planningandmappingmeasuresareessentialtoensuringthatcash-basedprogrammingcanbeusedtobesteffect.

Aidorganisationsanddonorscommitto:

(1) Increasetheroutineuseofcashalongsideothertools,includingin-kindassistance,servicedelivery(suchashealthandnutrition)andvouchers.Employmarkerstomeasureincreaseandoutcomes.

(2) Investinnewdeliverymodelswhichcanbeincreasedinscalewhileidentifyingbestpractice

andmitigatingrisksineachcontext.Employmarkerstotracktheirevolution.(3) Buildanevidencebasetoassessthecosts,benefits,impacts,andrisksofcash(includingon

protection)relativetoin-kindassistance,servicedeliveryinterventionsandvouchers,andcombinationsthereof.

(4) Collaborate,shareinformationanddevelopstandardsandguidelinesforcashprogramming

inordertobetterunderstanditsrisksandbenefits.

(5) Ensurethatcoordination,delivery,andmonitoringandevaluationmechanismsareputinplaceforcashtransfers.

(6) Aimtoincreaseuseofcashprogrammingbeyondcurrentlowlevels,whereappropriate.Someorganisationsanddonorsmaywishtosettargets.

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4. ReduceduplicationandmanagementcostswithperiodicfunctionalreviewsReducingmanagementcostswillincreasetheproportionoffundingusedforthedirectbenefitofaffectedpeople.Thismayonlybedemonstratedovertime,sincemeasuringefficiencyandeffectivenessrequiresbaselineinformation.Reducingmanagementcostsdependsuponreducingdonors’andaidorganisations’individualreportingrequirementsandoversightmechanisms.Aidorganisationsanddonorscommitto:

(1) Reducethecostsandmeasurethegainedefficienciesofdeliveringassistancewith

technology(includinggreen)andinnovation.Aidorganisationswillprovidethedetailedstepstobetakenbytheendof2017.

Exampleswhereuseoftechnologycanbeexpanded:• Mobiletechnologyforneedsassessments/post-distributionmonitoring;• Digitalplatformsandmobiledevicesforfinancialtransactions;• Communicationwithaffectedpeopleviacallcentresandotherfeedback

mechanismssuchasSMStextmessaging;• Biometrics;and• Sustainableenergy.

(2) Harmonisepartnershipagreementsandsharepartnerassessmentinformationaswellas

dataaboutaffectedpeople,afterdataprotectionsafeguardshavebeenmetbytheendof2017,inordertosavetimeandavoidduplicationinoperations.

Aidorganisationscommitto:

(3) Providetransparentandcomparablecoststructuresbytheendof2017.WeacknowledgethatoperationalmanagementoftheGrandBargainsignatories-theUnitedNations,InternationalOrganizationforMigration(IOM),theRedCrossandRedCrescentMovementandtheNGOsectormayrequiredifferentapproaches.

(4) Reduceduplicationofmanagementandothercoststhroughmaximisingefficienciesin

procurementandlogisticsforcommonlyrequiredgoodsandservices.Sharedprocurementshouldleveragethecomparativeadvantageoftheaidorganisationsandpromoteinnovation.

Suggestedareasforinitialfocus:• Transportation/Travel;• Vehiclesandfleetmanagement;• Insurance;• Shipmenttrackingsystems;• Inter-agency/commonprocurementpipelines(non-fooditems,shelter,WASH,

food);• ITservicesandequipment;• Commercialconsultancies;and• Commonsupportservices.

Donorscommitto:

(5) Makejointregularfunctionalmonitoringandperformancereviewsandreduceindividualdonorassessments,evaluations,verifications,riskmanagementandoversightprocesses.

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5. Improvejointandimpartialneedsassessments2

Significanteffortshavebeenmadeinthepastfewyearstostrengthenthequalityandcoordinationofhumanitarianneedsassessmentsusedforstrategicdecision-making.Thiscomplementsstateeffortswhereappropriate.Yetthereremainsalackofsharedunderstanding,expectationsandcommitmenttothecollectiveendeavour.Theapplicationofcurrentapproachesandtoolsfallsshortofmeetingthedecision-makingrequirementsforvariousstakeholdersforbothprogrammingandfunding.Theproliferationofuncoordinatedneedsassessmentsleadstoduplication,wastedresourcesandputtingaburdenonaffectedpopulations.

Werequireneedsassessmentsthatareimpartial,unbiased,comprehensive,context-sensitive,timelyandup-to-date.Needsassessmentsmustprovideasoundevidencebaseforhumanitarianresponseplansandprioritisedappealswithdueregardforspecificaccountabilitiesofmandatedagencies.Inordertoincreasetheconfidenceandtherelevanceofneedsassessmentsforallhumanitarianstakeholders,theneedsassessmentprocessmustbecoordinated,impartial,collaborativeandfullytransparentwithacleardistinctionbetweentheanalysisofdataandthesubsequentprioritisationanddecision-making.Theinvolvementofspecialistssupportingdatacollectionandanalysiscanstrengthenthecollectiveprocess.Independentreviewsandevaluationscancontributetolearningandimprovementofpractice.

Aidorganisationsanddonorscommitto:

(1) Provideasingle,comprehensive,cross-sectoral,methodologicallysoundandimpartialoverallassessmentofneedsforeachcrisistoinformstrategicdecisionsonhowtorespondandfundtherebyreducingthenumberofassessmentsandappealsproducedbyindividualorganisations.

(2) Coordinateandstreamlinedatacollectiontoensurecompatibility,qualityandcomparabilityandminimisingintrusionintothelivesofaffectedpeople.Conducttheoverallassessmentinatransparent,collaborativeprocessledbytheHumanitarianCoordinator/ResidentCoordinatorwithfullinvolvementoftheHumanitarianCountryTeamandtheclusters/sectorsandinthecaseofsuddenonsetdisasters,wherepossible,bythegovernment.Ensuresector-specificassessmentsforoperationalplanningareundertakenundertheumbrellaofacoordinatedplanofassessmentsatinter-cluster/sectorlevel.

(3) Shareneedsassessmentdatainatimelymanner,withtheappropriatemitigationofprotectionandprivacyrisks.Jointlydecideonassumptionsandanalyticalmethodsusedforprojectionsandestimates.

(4) Dedicateresourcesandinvolveindependentspecialistswithintheclusterstostrengthendatacollectionandanalysisinafullytransparent,collaborativeprocess,whichincludesabriefsummaryofthemethodologicalandanalyticallimitationsoftheassessment.

(5) Prioritisehumanitarianresponseacrosssectorsbasedonevidenceestablishedbytheanalysis.AspartoftheIASCHumanitarianResponsePlanprocessontheground,itisthe

2ThebelowappliestothoseentitiesparticipatingintheIASChumanitarianresponseplanningprocess.

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responsibilityoftheempoweredHumanitarianCoordinator/ResidentCoordinatortoensurethedevelopmentoftheprioritised,evidence-basedresponseplans.

(6) Commissionindependentreviewsandevaluationsofthequalityofneedsassessmentfindingsandtheiruseinprioritisationtostrengthentheconfidenceofallstakeholdersintheneedsassessment.

(7) Conductriskandvulnerabilityanalysiswithdevelopmentpartnersandlocalauthorities,inadherencetohumanitarianprinciples,toensurethealignmentofhumanitariananddevelopmentprogramming.

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6. Aparticipationrevolution:includepeoplereceivingaidinmakingthedecisionswhichaffecttheirlives

Weneedtoincludethepeopleaffectedbyhumanitariancrisesandtheircommunitiesinourdecisionstobecertainthatthehumanitarianresponseisrelevant,timely,effectiveandefficient.Weneedtoprovideaccessibleinformation,ensurethataneffectiveprocessforparticipationandfeedbackisinplaceandthatdesignandmanagementdecisionsareresponsivetotheviewsofaffectedcommunitiesandpeople.

Donorsandaidorganisationsshouldworktoensurethatthevoicesofthemostvulnerablegroupsconsideringgender,age,ethnicity,languageandspecialneedsareheardandactedupon.Thiswillcreateanenvironmentofgreatertrust,transparencyandaccountability.ThefollowingcommitmentswillhelppromotetheCoreHumanitarianStandard3andtheIASCCommitmentstoAccountabilitytoAffectedPopulations.

Aidorganisationsanddonorscommitto:

(1) Improveleadershipandgovernancemechanismsatthelevelofthehumanitariancountryteamandcluster/sectormechanismstoensureengagementwithandaccountabilitytopeopleandcommunitiesaffectedbycrises.

(2) Developcommonstandardsandacoordinatedapproachforcommunityengagementandparticipation,withtheemphasisoninclusionofthemostvulnerable,supportedbyacommonplatformforsharingandanalysingdatatostrengthendecision-making,transparency,accountabilityandlimitduplication.

(3) Strengthenlocaldialogueandharnesstechnologiestosupportmoreagile,transparentbutappropriatelysecurefeedback.

(4) Buildsystematiclinksbetweenfeedbackandcorrectiveactiontoadjustprogramming.

Donorscommitto:

(5) Fundflexiblytofacilitateprogrammeadaptationinresponsetocommunityfeedback.

(6) Investtimeandresourcestofundtheseactivities.

Aidorganisationscommitto:

(7) Ensurethat,bytheendof2017,allhumanitarianresponseplans–andstrategicmonitoringofthem-demonstrateanalysisandconsiderationofinputsfromaffectedcommunities.

3http://www.corehumanitarianstandard.org/

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7. Increasecollaborativehumanitarianmulti-yearplanningandfunding

Multi-yearplanningandfundinglowersadministrativecostsandcatalysesmoreresponsiveprogramming,notablywherehumanitarianneedsareprotractedorrecurrentandwherelivelihoodneedsandlocalmarketscanbeanalysedandmonitored.Multi-yearplanningmustbebasedonsharedanalysisandunderstandingneedsandrisksastheyevolve.Collaborativeplanningandfundingmechanismsforlongerprogrammehorizonsthatareincrementallyfundedcanproducebetterresultsandminimiseadministrativecostsforbothdonorsandaidorganisations.Theycanidentifyresultswhichhighlightthelinkagesbetweenhumanitarian,development,stabilisationandconflictmanagementinitiativesthatarefundamentaltodecreasinghumanitarianneeds.

Aidorganisationsanddonorscommitto:

(1) Increasemulti-year,collaborativeandflexibleplanningandmulti-yearfundinginstrumentsanddocumenttheimpactsonprogrammeefficiencyandeffectiveness,ensuringthatrecipientsapplythesamefundingarrangementswiththeirimplementingpartners.

(2) Supportinatleastfivecountriesbytheendof2017multi-yearcollaborativeplanningand

responseplansthroughmulti-yearfundingandmonitorandevaluatetheoutcomesoftheseresponses.

(3) Strengthenexistingcoordinationeffortstoshareanalysisofneedsandrisksbetweenthehumanitariananddevelopmentsectorsandtobetteralignhumanitariananddevelopmentplanningtoolsandinterventionswhilerespectingtheprinciplesofboth.

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8. Reducetheearmarkingofdonorcontributions

Flexiblefundingfacilitatesswifterresponsetourgentneedsandinvestmentinfragile,potentiallyvolatilesituations,emergenciesanddisasterpreparedness,aswellenablesresponsetoneedsinsituationsofprotractedandneglectedconflicts.Itstrengthensdecision-makingbodieswhichincludekeystakeholderssuchasaffectedandrefugee-hostingstatesaswellasdonors.Itsupportsmanagementsystemsandtheuseofcost-efficienttoolsaswellasreducestheamountofresourcesspentongrant-specificadministration,notablyprocurementandreporting.

Flexiblefundingrequiresaccountabilitythroughoutthelengthofthetransactionchainfromdonortothefield.Reducingearmarkingshouldbeconsideredasameanstoachievinghumanitariancollectiveoutcomes.Increasingdonors’confidenceinthequalityofaidorganisations’ownprioritisationprocesseswillencouragedonorstoincreasetheflexibilityoftheircontributions.TheSecretaryGeneral’srecommendationtodoubletheCentralEmergencyResponseFund(CERF)toUSD$1billionandtoincreasetheportionofappealfundingtotheUNCountry-BasedPooledFunds(CBPF)to15percent,includingthroughnewandadditionalsources,isrecognisedasimportantforincreasingtheamountofunearmarkedandsoftlyearmarkedfunding.ThepossibilityofopeningtheCERFfordirectfundingtocivilsocietyorganisationsshouldbeexplored.Aidorganisationsanddonorscommitto:

(1) Jointlydetermine,onanannualbasis,themosteffectiveandefficientwayofreportingonunearmarkedandsoftlyearmarkedfundingandtoinitiatethisreportingbytheendof2017.

(2) Reducethedegreeofearmarkingoffundscontributedbygovernmentsandregionalgroupswhocurrentlyprovidelowlevelsofflexiblefinance.Aidorganisationsinturncommittodothesamewiththeirfundingwhenchannellingitthroughpartners.

Aidorganisationscommitto:

(3) Betransparentandregularlyshareinformationwithdonorsoutliningthecriteriaforhowcoreandunearmarkedfundingisallocated(forexample,urgentneeds,emergencypreparedness,forgottencontexts,improvedmanagement)

(4) Increasethevisibilityofunearmarkedandsoftlyearmarkedfunding,therebyrecognisingthecontributionmadebydonors.

Donorscommitto:

(5) Progressivelyreducetheearmarkingoftheirhumanitariancontributions.Theaimistoaspiretoachieveaglobaltargetof30percentofhumanitariancontributionsthatisnon-earmarkedorsoftlyearmarked4by2020.

4Seeannexonearmarkdefinition

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9. Harmoniseandsimplifyreportingrequirements

Reportingrequirementshavegrownovertheyearsforspecificandvalidreasonsincludinglegalrequirementsassociatedwithaccountabilityandmanagingrisk,tobuildtrust,raisefunds,fordiplomaticpurposesandtoimprovequality.Awiderangeofsectorsandorganisationsreporttooneanother,includinginstitutionaldonors,UNagencies,IOM,internationalandnationalNGOsandtheRedCrossRedCrescentMovement.Wehaveacommoninterestinensuringthatprogrammaticreportingissubstantiveandqualitativewhilealsoleanenoughtoallowforthemostefficientuseofresourcestoassistpeopleinneed

Aidorganisationsanddonorscommitto:

(1) Simplifyandharmonisereportingrequirementsbytheendof2018byreducingitsvolume,jointlydecidingoncommonterminology,identifyingcorerequirementsanddevelopingacommonreportstructure.

(2) Investintechnologyandreportingsystemstoenablebetteraccesstoinformation.

(3) Enhancethequalityofreportingtobettercaptureresults,enablelearningandincreasetheefficiencyofreporting.

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10. Enhanceengagementbetweenhumanitariananddevelopmentactors5

TheHigh-LevelPanelonHumanitarianFinancingandCoreResponsibilityFouroftheSecretary-General’sReport(changepeople’slives–fromdeliveringaidtoendingneed)botharticulatetheimportanceofshrinkinghumanitarianneedswhilealsorecognisingthehumanitarianfinancinggap.Thisisparticularlyimportantinsituationsoffragilityandprotractedcrises.

Abetterwayofworkingisnotaboutshiftingfundingfromdevelopmenttohumanitarianprogrammesorfromhumanitariantodevelopmentactors.Rather,itisaboutworkingcollaborativelyacrossinstitutionalboundariesonthebasisofcomparativeadvantage.Thiswayofworkingdoesalsonotdeviatefromtheprimacyofhumanitarianprinciples.

Aidorganisationsanddonorscommitto:

(1) UseexistingresourcesandcapabilitiesbettertoshrinkhumanitarianneedsoverthelongtermwiththeviewofcontributingtotheoutcomesoftheSustainableDevelopmentGoals.Significantlyincreaseprevention,mitigationandpreparednessforearlyactiontoanticipateandsecureresourcesforrecovery.Thiswillneedtobethefocusnotonlyofaidorganisationsanddonorsbutalsoofnationalgovernmentsatalllevels,civilsociety,andtheprivatesector.

(2) Investindurablesolutionsforrefugees,internallydisplacedpeopleandsustainablesupporttomigrants,returneesandhost/receivingcommunities,aswellasforothersituationsofrecurringvulnerabilities.

(3) Increasesocialprotectionprogrammesandstrengthennationalandlocalsystemsandcopingmechanismsinordertobuildresilienceinfragilecontexts.

(4) Performjointmulti-hazardriskandvulnerabilityanalysis,andmulti-yearplanningwherefeasibleandrelevant,withnational,regionalandlocalcoordinationinordertoachieveasharedvisionforoutcomes.Suchasharedvisionforoutcomeswillbedevelopedonthebasisofsharedriskanalysisbetweenhumanitarian,development,stabilisationandpeacebuildingcommunities.

(5) GalvanisenewpartnershipsthatbringadditionalcapabilitiesandresourcestocrisisaffectedstatesthroughMultilateralDevelopmentBankswithintheirmandateandfosterinnovativepartnershipswiththeprivatesector.

5Whilebeingunabletomakethesecommitmentsintheirentirety,theRedCrossRedCrescentMovementcommitstoenhancingitsengagementwithdevelopmentactors

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ThefollowingdonorsandaidorganisationsendorsetheGrandBargain:

1. Australia2. Belgium3. Bulgaria4. Canada5. CzechRepublic6. Denmark7. EuropeanCommission8. Germany9. Italy10. Japan11. Luxembourg12. TheNetherlands13. Norway14. Poland15. Sweden16. Switzerland17. UnitedKingdom18. UnitedStatesofAmerica

1. FoodandAgricultureOrganizationoftheUnitedNations(FAO)

2. InterAction3. InternationalCommitteeoftheRedCross(ICRC)4. InternationalCouncilofVoluntaryAgencies(ICVA)5. InternationalFederationofRedCrossandRedCrescent

Societies(IFRC)6. InternationalOrganizationforMigration(IOM)7. SteeringCommitteeforHumanitarianResponse(SCHR)8. UnitedNationsChildren’sFund(UNICEF)9. UnitedNationsDevelopmentProgramme(UNDP)10. UnitedNationsEntityforGenderEqualityandthe

EmpowermentofWomen(UNWomen)11. UnitedNationsHighCommissionerforRefugees(UNHCR)12. UnitedNationsPopulationFund(UNFPA)13. UnitedNationsOfficefortheCoordinationof

HumanitarianAffairs(OCHA)14. UnitedNationsReliefandWorksAgencyforPalestine

RefugeesintheNearEast(UNRWA)15. WorldBank16. WorldFoodProgramme(WFP)

Note:TheWorldHealthOrganization(WHO)willleadadiscussionontheGrandBargaincommitmentswithitsMemberStates.

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AnnexI.Earmarkingmodalities Terminology Definition RemarksUnearmarked A Fullyflexiblecore

contributionFinancialcontributiontotheaidorganisationbudget,fullyflexible(withintheboundariessetinmandates,governingbodyregulationsetc.)

B FullyflexiblecorecontributiontotheCERF

FinancialcontributiontoCERFbudget,fullyflexiblewithintheCERFregulations.

C Corecontribution Financialcontributiontoasignificantpartoftheaidorganisation’smandate,e.g.restrictedtothehumanitarianoperationsofadouble-mandatedorganisation.

Theaidorganisationcanbeinstructedtodistribute–atitsdiscretion–onseveralstrategicobjectives/regions/crisessoastoavoidtheentirecontributionbeingusedinonecontext.

Softlyearmarked

D Corecontributionwithlimitations

Financialcontribution,butwithexclusionspertainingtoasmallnumberofspecificcountries.

Theaidorganisationcanbeinstructedtoonlyusefundingoutsideofcertainareasorcountries.

E Directedtoageographicalregionorastrategicobjective

Financialcontribution,fullyflexiblewithintheboundariesofthestrategicobjective(e.g.healthoreducation)orregion(e.g.Africa).

ShouldreflectprioritiesintheStrategicPlanapprovedbytherelevantgoverningbody.

F DirectedtoaCountry-BasedPooledFund

FinancialcontributiondirectedtoaspecificCountry-BasedPooledFund,otherwisefullyflexible.

Earmarked G Directedtoanaidorganiastion’scountryoperations

Financialcontribution,directedtoaspecificcountry,otherwisefullyflexible.

Shouldreflectprioritiessetbytherelevantgoverningbodywithregardtocountryoperations.

H Directedtosub-objective/target

Financialcontribution,directedtosubcategoriesofstrategicobjectives,e.g.health/malariaoreducation/teachertraining,butwithoutgeographicallimitations.

ShouldreflectprioritiesintheStrategicPlanapprovedbytherelevantgoverningbody.

Tightlyearmarked

I Directedtoaspecificproject Financialcontributiondirectedtoaspecificprojectinaspecificcountry.

J Directedgeographicallyandthematically,tiedfinancial

Financialcontribution,tiedtocertainconditionsintermsofpurchaserestrictions,directedtoaspecificcountry/regionandtoaspecificobjective.E.g.financialcontributionforpurchaseofABCforschoolfeedinginX-land.

K Directedgeographicallyandthematically,inkind.

In-kindcontributiondirectedtoaspecificcountry/regionandtoaspecificobjective.E.g.riceforschoolfeedinginX-land.

L Donor-initiatedprojects/directedcontributions

Financialcontributioncoupledwiththedemandforaspecificprojectinaspecificcountryfulfillingdonorpriorities.

NotreflectingStrategicPlanoftheaidorganisation,i.e.itbecomesaserviceprovider.Thiswillalsoputastrainonnon-projectsupportcosts(overheadcosts).