grammer book
TRANSCRIPT
By: Enrique Matthews
1. Qué vs. Cuál 2. Transitional Words 3. Ser 4. Gustar 5. Estar 6. Imperfect Verbs 7. Trigger words 8. Acabar de … 9. Hacer Expressions 10. Verbos Como Gustar 11. Reflexivos 12. Tú Commands 13. DOP Placement 14. Preterite
Qué Cuál
“What” “Which”
Used when asking for definitions Formal
Most often used before nouns Used before nouns
Informal Used before ser when not asking a definition
No No
O Or
Pero But
También Also
y And
Ni Neither
E And
Que What
Yo Soy Nosotros Somos
Tū Eres Vosotros Sois
Ēl/Ella/Usted-es Ellos/Ellas/Ustedes- Son-Means to be
Descriptions Un Libro
Origin Mexico
Characteristics Gordo
Time Es La Una
Occupation Doctor
Relationships Es Hermana
Possession La Camiseta
Events La Fiesta
Dates Miercoles
Means “To Like”
Me Nos
Te Os
Le Les
Indirect Pronouns
Gustar Conjugation
Gusto Gustamos
Gustas Gustáis
Gusta Gustan
-Gustar conjugation describes what is being liked-EX- Me gustas tū.(Gustas modifies tū, instead of Me)
Health
Bien
Mal
Emotions
Enojada
Triste
Locations
La Oficina
La Casa
Present Condition
Abierto
Cerrado
ING
To be JumpING
AR-Ando
IR-Iendo
Er-Iendo
-ar -er -ir
Yo -aba -ía -ía
Tú -abas -ías -ías
Él/ella/usted -aba -ía -ía
Nosotros -ábamaos -íamos -íamos
Vosotros -abais -íais -íais
Ellos/ellas/ustedes -aban -ían -ían
Triggers Meaning
Todos Los Dīas Every day
A menudo Often
A Veces Sometimes
Siempre Always
Cada Dīa Everyday
Los Lunes Mondays
Generalmente Generally
Mientras While
De Vez En Cuando Occasionally
Muchas Veces Often
Frecuentemente Frequently
- Trigger words signal the use of an imperfect verb
Means to have just done something
Acabar de Infinitive
Never conjugate infinitive, only acabar
Acabo Acabamos
Acabas acabáis,
Acaba Acaban
Nosotros acabamos de leer el libro.We just read the book.
Hacer + Time + Que + Conjugated Verb
Used to tell how much time you have done something
EX:
Hace un año que estudio español.I have been studying Spanish for one year.
Hace dos años que ellas estudian inglés.They have been studying English for two years.
Verbo Meaning
Gustar To Like
Disgustar To Dislike
Faltar To Fail
Molestar To Disturb
Doler To Hurt
Encantar To Love
Importar To Matter
-Verb is conjugated to modify the object of the sentence, not the subjectEX: Me gustan los libros.
Gustar in the 3rd plural is conjugated for los libros, 3rd Plural
Verb that reverts back to the subject with the action
Me Nos
Te Os
Se Se
- Yo me visto.- I dress MYSELF. Tu te lavas.
-you dress yourself.
Tu Affiramtive Tu Negative
Make ver into Tú form then drop the “s” and add the DOP to the word-Comer->Comes->Come->¡Comelo!Eat It!
Put verb into first person, then switch vowels, then add an “s”-the DOP has to be before the conjugated verb.Comer->Como->Coma->Comas¡No Lo Comas!Do not eat it!
Ar->e ER/IR->a
Irregulares
DiHazVePonSalSèTenVen
No DigasNo HagasNo VenyasNo PongasNo SalgasNo SeasNo TengasNo Vengas
Me Nos
Te Os
Lo/La Los/Las
-When you change syllabification put „ on third to last syllable
1.Infinitive-Comerlo2.Affiramtive Command- Cómelo3.Present Proggresive- Está
Comiendolo
Preterite tense is a tense that shows past actions that have been completed before the present time.
Endings:AR ER/IR
é í
aste iste
ó ió
amos imos
asteis isteis
aron ieron