grammar 2008 uitm

Upload: ikhwan-syafiq

Post on 04-Jun-2018

246 views

Category:

Documents


1 download

TRANSCRIPT

  • 8/13/2019 Grammar 2008 uitm

    1/17

    CONFIDENTIAL ED/OCT 2008/TSL041

    UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARAFINAL EXAMINATION

    COURSECOURSE CODEEXAMINATIONTIME

    . GRAMMAR 1TSL041OCTOBER 20083 HOURS

    INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES1 . This question paper consists of six (6) parts: PART A 1Q uestion)PART B (1 Question)PART C 1Q uestion)PART D (1 Question)PART E (1 Question)PART F (1 Question)2. Answer ALL questions in the Answ er Booklet. Start each answer on a new page.3. Do not bring any material into the exam ination room unless perm ission is given by theinvigilator.4 . Please che ck to make sure that this exam ination pack consists of:

    i) the Que stion Paperii) an Ans we r Booklet - provided by the Faculty

    DO NOT TURNT ISP GEUNTILYOU RE TOLD TO DO SOThis exam ination paper consists of17printed page sHak Cipta Universiti Teknologi MARA C O N F ID E N T IA L

  • 8/13/2019 Grammar 2008 uitm

    2/17

    CONFIDENTIAL 2 ED/OCT 2008/TSL041

    PART A (40 MA RK S)

    QUESTION 1

    INSTRUCTIONS: Re ad TEX TS 1-3 carefully. Fill in the blanks with the simple presenttense, simple past tense, present progressive tense or pastprogressive tense of the verbs in brackets. Also, where necessary,make sure the verb agrees with the subject of the sentence. Wri teyour an swers in the answe r booklet.

    TEXT 1

    Virunga National Park is the crown jewel of Afr ican parks. Founded in 1925, i t(1) (be) the oldest national park in Africa . A narrow strip of resplende ntgeog raphy cove ring almo st two mil l ion acre s, Virunga (2) (be) sanctua ry toanimals as varied as the okapiima gine a zebra-giraffe combina tionth e Ruwe nzori duiker,winter ing S iberian birds, and three types of great ape s.

    "It (3) (contain) the largest num ber of ma mm als, birds, and repti les and(4) (have) more endem ic species than any other park on the Afr icancontinent," says Emmanuel de Merode, director of Wi ldl i feDirect, a nascent Nairobi-basedorganization founded by conservationist Richard Leakey. De Merode, 37, a biologicalanthropologist, (5) (begin) working in the Dem ocratic Repub l ic of the Congo(DRC) in 1993 and (6) (do) his Ph.D . on the i llegal bush-me at trade ineastern DRC.

    "Virunga also (7) (have) one of the largest volca no lava lakes and thegreatest landscape diversi tyalpine forest, moorlands, tropical forest, savannabetween3,000 and 16,000 feet in the world," de Merode explains. "The truth (8) (be),Virunga is arguably the greatest na tional park on the planet."

    The re (9) (be) roughly 720 mou ntain gori l las left on Ea rth; half (10)(l ive) in Uganda's Bwindi Impenetrable National Park and the other half 15

    miles south in the Virunga Mountains. The volcano-studded Virunga range straddles theborders between Rw anda , Ugan da, and DR C. Three parks (11 ) (share) theVirunga region: Mga hinga Gori l la National Park in Ugand a, which (12) (have)

    Hak Cipta Universiti Teknologi MARA CONFIDENTIAL

  • 8/13/2019 Grammar 2008 uitm

    3/17

    CONFIDENTIAL 3 ED/OCT 2008/TSL041

    at most a few dozen gori l las; Volcanoes National Park in Rwanda (famous for Dian Fossey'sresearch), wi th perhap s 120 gori l las; and Virunga National Park, home to as m any as 200 .

    Moun tain gori l las (13) (be) a top tourist draw at Virun ga Nationa l Parkand have the potential to br ing in several mi l l ion dol lars a year. This matters becauseVirunga, l ike all parks in the DRC, must generate its own income to survive. Virunga isadministered by the ICCNCongolese Insti tute for the Conservation of Natureanorganization that (14 ) _ _ (function) as an off ic ial agency but is barely fundedby the national government. ( In the U.S., this would be tantamount to having aconcessionaire operate the national parks.) Without a guaranteed budget, Congo's nationalparks are deeply susceptible to corruption and exploi tat ionhal lmarks of a countryTransparency International named as one of the 13 most corrupt nations in 2007. Notably,the wildl ife agency was a pet project of former dictator Mobutu Sese Seko, father of themodern Afr ican kleptocracy, wh o actual ly (15) ( tell ) his countrym en in onepublic address, "If you want to steal, steal a l i ttle cleverly, in a nice way. Only if you steal somuch as to becom e r ich overnight, you wi ll be caught."

    Such leadership has had catastrophic consequences for Virunga.

    Adapted from National Geographic , July, 2008.(15 marks)

    TEXT 2

    "Not so fast Yo u (1) (drive) too fast " said Mrs. Mitty. "Wh at (2)(you, drive) so fast for?"

    " Hm m ? " said W alte r Mitty. He (3) (look) at his wife , in the seat beside him,with shock ed aston ishme nt. She (4) (seem ) grossly unfam iliar, l ike a strangewo ma n who had yel led at him in a crowd . "You (5) (be) up to f i fty-f ive,"sh e said. "You kno w I (6) (not l ike) to go mo re than forty. W alter Mitty(7) (drive) on towa rd Wa terbury in si lence , the roaring of the SN2 02through the worst s torm in twenty years of Navy f lying fading in the rem ote, int imate airwaysof his mind . "You 're tense d up aga in," said Mrs. Mitty. "It (8) (be) one of yourdays. I (9) (wish) you'd let Dr. Rensha w look you over. "

    Hak Cipta Universiti Teknologi MARA CONFIDENTIAL

  • 8/13/2019 Grammar 2008 uitm

    4/17

    CONFIDENTIAL 4 ED/OCT 2008/TSL041

    Walter Mitty stopped the car in front of the building where his wife(10) (go) to have her hair don e. "Rem emb er to get those overshoe s whi le I

    11) (have) my hair done," she said. "I (12) (not need)overshoes," said Mitty. She put her mirror back into her bag. "We've been al l through that,"she said, gett ing out of the car. "You're not a young ma n any longer." He raced the engine alittle. "Why (13) (you, not wear) your gloves? Have you lost your gloves?"Walter Mitty reache d in a pocket and brought out the gloves. He (14) (put) themon, but after she h ad turned an d gone into the building and he had driven on to a red l ight,he took them off again. "Pick i t up, brother " snapped a cop as the l ight changed, and Mittyhastily pul led on his gloves and (15) ( lurch) ahe ad. He drove around thestreets aimlessly for a time, and then he drove past the hospital on his way to the parking lot.

    Adapted from The Secret Life of WalterMitty ,by James Thurber.(15 m arks)

    TEXT 3Radio Annou ncer: Go od even ing. Our top story tonight: A sma l l airplane carrying six

    people landed safely in traffic on Highway On e. Two o f the pa ssengers(1) (receive) minor back injuries and one of thepas sen gers (2) (suffer) a broke n leg. Here (3)

    (be) reporter Rose Ann e at the scene of the landing.

    Reporter: Go od evening , Josh. I (4)who almost (5)

    Witness A:

    (stand) here with two drivers(hit) the plane as it land ed . Could you

    tel l me what you thought as you watched the plane coming down?

    Wel l , at first I (6) (not, be) sca red . But then I saw it (7)(fly) very low. So I drov e off the roa d in a hurry.

    Witness B: I almost (8) (not, see) the plane at all . It hap pen ed so fast.W hen I f inally heard the plane's motor, I knew some thing was wrong .

    An d I hi t my brakes. Phe w.. . . i t was real close. I (9) (still,shake) .

    Hak Cipta Universiti Teknologi MARA CONFIDENTIAL

  • 8/13/2019 Grammar 2008 uitm

    5/17

    CONFIDENTIAL 5 ED/OCT 2008/TSL041

    Reporter: Fortunately no one on the ground was hurt, but the plane blocked theroad for over an hour. Captain Azhar Dau d of the local highway pol ice

    (1 0) (think) the plane ran out of gas oline. A comp leteinvestigation wi l l begin tomorrow. Back to you, Josh.

    Adapted from A Listening/Speaking Skills Bookby Judith Tanka and Paul Most (1996).(10 marks)

    Hak Cipta Universiti Teknologi MARA CONFIDENTIAL

  • 8/13/2019 Grammar 2008 uitm

    6/17

    CONFIDENTIAL 6 ED/OCT 2008/TSL041

    PART B (20 MA RKS )

    QUESTION 1

    INSTRUCTIONS: Read TEXTS 1 and 2 carefully . Fi ll in the blanks with " a " , " a n ",the , or "- " . Wr i te your answers in the answer booklet .

    TEXT 1

    Acco rding to (1) study unde rtaken by Ha rvard University on beha lf of theWorld Health Organization and World Bank, road accidents claimed over 30 mi l l ion l ivesworldwide in last century.

    (2) rep ort, titled The Global Burden of Disease Study, indicated that in ayear, road accidents alone account for 700,000 deaths, 10 mil l ion injuries and cost (3)

    global economy US$500mil (RM1,600mil) .

    More alarmingly, the study projected that road accidents could be the third leadingburden on health worldw ide, exceeded only by (4) cardiovascular diseases anddepression.

    The President of the Federation of Private Medical Practitioners' Association of Malaysia(FPMPAM) Dr Steven Chow , says, "To prevent accidents, we need to promote road safety,but to curb (5) num ber of fatalities from accide nts requires training the publicon first aid".

    Closer to home, a study by the United Nations Economic and Social Commission forAsia Pacific (ESC AP) reveals that (6) num ber of road accide nts and fatalitiesin Malaysia is on the r ise, from 250 ,429 in 200 0 to 34 1 ,252 in 200 6, and 6,035 to 6,287 overthe same period.

    "It doesn't matter which statistic is reported, whether the total is (7)percentage up or down on the last recorded set of figures, as it al l paints a grim picture of

    Hak Cipta Universiti Teknologi MARA CONFIDENTIAL

  • 8/13/2019 Grammar 2008 uitm

    7/17

    CONFIDENTIAL 7 ED/OCT 2008/TSL041

    carnage on our roads," said Dr Steven Chow, president of the Federation of Private MedicalPractitioners' Assoc iation of Malaysia (FPM PAM), who recently rolled out the Citizen'sAction and Response in Emergencies (CARE), a training programme held with St John'sAmbulance Malaysia (SJAM) to raise (8) citizen responders.

    "To prevent accidents, we need to promote road safety, but to curb the number offatalities from accidents requires training the public on first aid."

    Dr Chow said that this would create (9) critical mass of individuals who cantake care of themselves and others within the "golden hour", while waiting for professionalhelp to arrive.

    "There is a wealth of medical evidence that suggests that road accident victims stand agreater chance of survival and a reduction in severity of their injuries, if (10)first aid and medical (paramedic or ambulance crew) assistance can be administeredimmediately," said Dr Chow.

    Adaptedfrom TheStar ,June15, 2008.(10 marks)

    TEXT 2In a taxicab on a rainy day in New York City, Gretchen Rubin,41 , suddenly asked herself

    what she wanted most in life. "I realized I wanted to be happy," she recalls. "It was(1) lightning-bolt moment because I'd never even thought about it before."

    (2) couple of years ago, this wife, mother and former lawyer for JusticeSandra Day O'Connor launched (3) full-time happiness project to test-drivetraditional and newly minted approaches toward her life goal. She kept a daily gratitudejournal, read a poem every day and had (4) regular date nights with herhusband, among (5) other strategies. Now she swears she's cheerier.

    Hak Cipta Universiti Teknologl MARA CONFIDENTIAL

  • 8/13/2019 Grammar 2008 uitm

    8/17

    CONFIDENTIAL 8 ED/OCT 2008/TSL041

    Everyone seems to be jumping on (6) get-happier bandwagon. Happinessis making headlines, selling books, inspiring scientific studies and spawning laughter clubsand joyology workshops. (7) reason? As the burgeoning field of positivepsychology has shown, happy people thrive. They're more creative and productive, earnmore money, attract more friends, enjoy better marriages, stay healthier and even outlivetheir grumpier peers.

    "Imagine (8) drug that causes you to live eight or nine years longer, make$15,000 more a year, be less likely to get divorced," says Martin Seligman, PhD , who started(9) positive psychology movement almost a decade ago. "Happiness seems tobe that drug."

    But others wonder, Is this just one more thing we feel pressured to achieve in ouroverscheduled, overmeasured lives? How could there be one path to happiness for allpeople? And if we aren't feeling blissful, are we failures at happiness? Some skepticsdismiss "happichondria" as the latest feel-good fad. "(10) notion that behaviormodification can bring about true happiness is as bogus as can be," says psychiatristCharles Goodstein, MD, of New York University.

    Adapted from Reader'sDigest', February, 2008.(10 m arks)

    Hak Cipta Universiti Teknologi MARA CONFIDENTIAL

  • 8/13/2019 Grammar 2008 uitm

    9/17

    CONFIDENTIAL 9 ED/OCT 2008/TSL041PART C (10 MARKS)

    QUESTION 1

    INSTRUCTIONS: Read TEXT1carefully. The blanks should be filled with many , alot of , a few , any or a great deal of .Write your answers in the answer booklet.TEXT 1

    What is happiness? (1) researchers agree that it involves an assessment ofthe good and bad in our lives. It is the emotional balance sheet we keep that allows us to sayhonestly whether we are living a happy life, in spite of bad things now andthen.

    You might suspect that Americans are getting happier all the time. After all,(2) (though clearly not all) are getting richer, and this should make them betterable and equipped to follow their dreams. On the other hand, there is (3) talkabout the good old days , when kids could play outside without (4) worry aboutbeing kidnapped. And there is (5) stress in this country right now, due to (6)

    financial concerns, negative workplace environments, and chronic healthproblems, among other pressing issues.

    But average happiness levels in America have stayed largely constant for(7) years . In 1972, 30 percent of the population said they were very happy withtheir lives, according to the National Opinion Research Center's General Social Survey. In1982, 31 percent said so, and in 2006, 31 percent said so as well.The percentage sayingthey were not too happy was similarly constant, generally hovering around 13 percent.

    The factors that add up to a happy life for (8) people are not what wetypically hear about. (9) things like winning the lottery, getting liposuction,and earning a master's degree do not make (10) people happy over the longhaul. Rather, the key to happiness, and the difference between happy and unhappyAmericans, is a life that reflects values and practices like faith, hard work, m arriage, charity,and freedom.

    Adapted from Reader'sDigest , July2008(10 marks)

    Hak Cipta Universiti Teknologi MARA CONFIDENTIAL

  • 8/13/2019 Grammar 2008 uitm

    10/17

    CONFIDENTIAL 10 ED/OCT 2008/TSL041PART D (10 MARKS)

    QUESTION 1INSTRUCTIONS: Read TEXT 1 carefully and write the correct answer in the answer

    booklet.TEXT 1

    "Where's M olly?" Jeff Daly asked his parents one gray spring afternoon in 1957. The six-year-old Jeff stood staring at the empty chair where his little sister usually sat. After(1 .a few /a little /a great deal of) m inutes, Jeffs father answ ered, "Molly's not here anymore,but she'sfine.It's nothing for you to worry about. Forget it and eat your supper."

    Over the next (2. many /several /some) months, when Jeff persisted in asking, "Where'sMolly?" he was sent to his room. "She lives somewhere else now and she's happy," hismother firmly told him . "You're not to talk about this anymore." Jeff eventually stopped askingabout Molly, but deep down never forgot her.

    (3.A few /A great deal of /Some) decades later, on January 21 ,2004-three months afterhis mother died of cancer and less than a day after his father died of heart failure-Jeff cameacross his dad's wallet at his parents' home. Inside, he found a small laminated card printedwith the name "Molly Jo Daly" and a Social Security num ber.

    (4 ."Many /A lot of /A great deal of) years ago, my parents told me to block her out of mymind," says Daly, now 54. "I assumed the card meant nothing. "But Jeffs wife, Cindy,insisted that it was an important clue to Molly's whereabouts.

    "This is your chance to find her," she said.That a fternoon, Cindy and Jeff searched for (5. some /a little /enough) add itional clues in

    Jack Daly's house. In a crawlspace by the water heater, they found a cabinet crammed withold files. Tucked in the back was a folder labeled "Molly." Inside were

    Hak Cipta Universiti Teknologi MARA CONFIDENTIAL

  • 8/13/2019 Grammar 2008 uitm

    11/17

    CONFIDENTIAL 11 ED/OCT 2008/TSL041

    (6. enough /a few /a great deal of) records of Jeffs sister's life at the Fairview Hospital andTraining Center in Salem, Oregon, where Molly had been taken nine days before her thirdbirthday.

    The institution had closed in 2000, but the Dalys found in the file a slip of paper listingphone numbers for (7. several /a great deal of /much) Oregon group homes for thedevelopmentally disabled. Cindy quickly picked up the phone and dialed. The first twonumbers led nowhere. But on the third call, to a home in Hillsboro, Oregon, she excitedlyhollered for Jeff to get on the line. "Do you know Molly Jo Daly?" Cindy had asked the stafferwho answered. There had been a long silence, then a male voice quietly said, "She's sittingright across from m e."

    For about three decades, beginning in the 1950s, there were thousands of "Mollys"growing up across the United States in state-funded institutions for the mildly to severelydevelopmentally disabled. Although such institutions are becoming scarce, about 325,000intellectually disabled adults-(8. many /any /a great deal of) sent away as children-are nowliving in small group homes or community residences. Those in their 40s and 50s inparticular may have no knowledge that they have relatives of(9.a great deal of / any / much)kind, says University of Minnesota professor Charlie Lakin, who has studied demographicsof the developmentally disabled. And now, with parents of these children dying withoutrevealing (10. any / a g reat deal of / many) details, family contact may be cut off forever.

    Extracted from Reader'sDigest ,March2006.(10 marks)

    Hak Cipta Universiti Teknologi MARA CONFIDENTIAL

  • 8/13/2019 Grammar 2008 uitm

    12/17

    CONFIDENTIAL 12 ED/OCT 2008/TSL041

    PART E (40 MARKS)

    QUESTION 1INSTRUCTIONS: Read TEXTS1and 2 carefully. Write the correct form of thenounsinbrackets in the answer booklet.TEXT 1

    Some people think that the best time to begin studying in a foreign language is inchildhood, and that the younger you are, the easier it is to learn another(1) (language). There is little (2) (evidence), however, thatchildren in language classrooms learn foreign languages any better than adults (peopleover age 15) in similar classroom (3) (situation). In fact, adults have manyadvantages over children: better memories, more efficient ways of organizing(4) (information), longer attention spans, better study habits, and greaterability to handle complex mental (5) (task). Adults are often better motivatedthan children: they see learning a foreign language as necessary for (6)(education) or career. In addition, adults are particularly sensitive to correctness ofgrammar and appropriateness of (7) (vocabulary), two factors that receivemuch (8) (attention) in most language classrooms.

    Age does have some (9) (disadvantage), however. For instance, adultsusually want to learn a foreign language in a hurry, unlike children, who can devote more(10) (time) to language mastery. Also, adults have complex communicationneeds that extend beyond the mere ability to carry on a simple (11)(conversation). Adults need to be able to argue, persuade, express conce rn, object,explain,and present information about complex (12) (matter) that pertain totheir work or education. Because most adults do not like to appear foolish,they often denythemselves (13) (opportunity) to practice for fear of making mistakes, notgetting their message ac ross, or appearing ridiculously incompetent. Also adults have moretrouble than children in making new (14) (friend) who speak the foreignlanguage.

    Hak Cipta Universiti Teknologi MARA CONFIDENTIAL

  • 8/13/2019 Grammar 2008 uitm

    13/17

    CONFIDENTIAL 13 ED/OCT 2008/TSL041

    One example usually given to support the notion of children's superiority as languagelearners is their ability to pick up an authentic (15) (accent). It is usuallyobserved that children of (16) (immigrant) learn to speak the language oftheir adopted country without an accent, whereas their parents rarely do . It is alsoobserved that even adults with high need and motivation, such as diplomats, rarely learn aforeign language without retaining some of their native accent. In a sense, the same is truein sports: to learn well the complex coordination of the hundreds of (17)(muscle) needed to play tennis, swim, or figure skate, a person has to start youn g. Mostchampions begin training at an early age. There are examples of strong competitors whoentered their sport after childhood, but they are the exception, not the rule. The same istrue of (18) (adult) who acquire native-like accents.

    Taken together, the disadvantages of age are clearly offset by advantages. By properlycombining positive traits and effective (19) (strategy), you can indeed master aforeign languageas lots of adults do.

    The best time to learn a foreign language,then,is when your (20) (need)is clearest and you have sufficient time. If you are strongly m otivated to study a foreignlanguage and ifyouhave the time to do it, the best time to begin in now.

    Adapted from How tobe A More Successful LanguageLearnerby JoanRubinan dIrene Thompson (1982).(20 m arks)

    TEXT 2Russell Crowe was born into a show-business (1) (family). His

    maternal (2) (grandfather), Stan Wemyss, was an award-winningcinematographer during WWII. His (3) (parent), Alex and Jocelyn, were set(4) (caterer) in film and television, and the family traveled extensively.

    The family moved to Sydney, Australia, when Russell was 4. It was while on(5) (set) that the acting bug struck. "I was on film sets and TV sets all the timebetween the (6) (age) of 5 and 9, and it just fascinated me. I always wantedto know what was behind the (7) (door) when actually, on film sets and TV sets

    Hak Cipta Universiti Teknologi MARA CONFIDENTIAL

  • 8/13/2019 Grammar 2008 uitm

    14/17

    CONFIDENTIAL 14 ED/OCT 2008/TSL041

    nothing is behind them. But I kept thinking, 'If I open one of these (8) (door),sooner or later there's going to be something there.' So I really lost any fears about TV andfilm performance at a young age, because I knew it was all (9) (fantasy)."

    He started working in (10) (television) at age 6, "but I was never a child(11 ) (star) - I was a child extra. My parents were location caterers, so I wasthe annoying little (12) (kid) on the set."

    His first (13) (part) was on the Australian television show Spyforce, directedby Jocelyn Crowe's godfather. Wearing a South Sydney jumper, he got to deliver a(14) (line) to his futureSum ofUsco-star, Jack Thompson. Even then, Russellhad a dogged (15) (determination).

    "Even at 6," he's said,"I would look at the 28-year-old (16) (guy) playing thewar veteran in a film and tell my parents, 'I don't know why the director doesn't see me inthat (17) (role). I might be a little short, but I can do it.""

    Still, he says that as a child "I was shy. I was the sort of kid who would sign up for atalent quest and then, having done all the rehearsal and all the(18) (work), not turn up." He noted, however, that he only did that once, at age7.

    At 14, Russell returned to New Zealand to finish high school "because my dad neverintended us to have been away that long. He's very much a New Zealander. But for me, theformative (19) (year) in Australia set my attitudes toward life, and they're vastlydifferent from your average New Zealander's attitudes."

    So what is that difference? "New Zealanders tend to be very persistent, you know? And(20) (Australian) are quite happy-go-lucky, so I've got kind of a combination ofthe two things."

    Adaptedfrom Russell CroweBiography , byMaximumRusell Crowe,retrieved fromhttp:/Avww . maxim umcrow e. net/indexruss. html(20 marks)

    Hak Cipta Universiti Teknologi MARA CONFIDENTIAL

  • 8/13/2019 Grammar 2008 uitm

    15/17

    CONFIDENTIAL 15 ED/OCT 2008/TSL041

    PART F (30 MARKS)

    QUESTION 1

    INSTRUCTIONS : Read TEXTS 1 and 2 carefully. There are fifteen errors in each text.Identify the errors inverb tenses, articles, subject-verb agreementand nouns. In your answer booklet, write the sentence thatcontains the error, underline the error and write the correctanswer above it.TEXT1

    e.g.stepThe first steps of effective speech preparation is to determine your speech goal.You

    begin by selecting a subject that you know something about and were interested in, such asa job, a hobby, or a contemporary issues of concern to you. To arrive at a specific topic,brainstorm a list of related words under each subject he ading. When you have brainstormedat least 20 topics, you can check a specific topics under each heading that was mostmeaningful to yo u.

    The next step is to analyze the audience to decide how to shape and direct yourspeech. Audience analysis are the study of your audience's knowledge, interests, andattitudes. Gather specific data about your audience to determine how its members are alikeand how they differs. Use this information to predict audience interest in your topic, level ofunderstanding of your topic, and attitude toward you and your topic. At times, you may wantto validate your predictions by surveying your classroom audience using two-sided,multiple-choice, scaled , or open-ended question.

    The third step is to consider the setting of the speech, which will affect your overallspeech plan.

    The final step is to write and test your speech goal. The general goal of a speech is toentertain, to inform , or to persuade. The specific goal is a com plete sentence that specifiedthe exact response the speaker wants from the audience. Writing a specific speech goalinvolves a following five-step procedure: (1) Write a first draft of your speech goal thatincludes the infinitive phrase that articulates the response you wanted from your audience.

    Hak Cipta Universiti Teknologi MARA CONFIDENTIAL

  • 8/13/2019 Grammar 2008 uitm

    16/17

    CONFIDENTIAL 16 ED/OCT 2008/TSL041

    (2) Revise your first draft until you have written a complete sentence that specifies thenature of the audience response. (3) Make sure that the goal are con taining only one idea.(4) Revise the infinitive or infinitive phrase until it indicates the specific audience reactiondesired.(5) Write out at least three different version ofthegoal before deciding on one.

    At this time, you may want to write a tentative draft of your thesis statementthesentence that outlines the specific elements of the speech supporting the goal statement. Ifyou are not having enough informations to write the thesis statement, wait until you willcomplete your research .

    Adaptedfrom,"The Challenge of Effective Speaking"by Rudolph F. Verderber (2000).

    (15 m arks)TEXT 2

    Most people are poor listeners. Even when we think we were listening carefully, weusually grasp only half of what we hear, and we retain even less. Improving your listeningskills can be helpful in every parts of your life including speechmaking. The best speakersare often the best listeners. Your speech class give you a perfect chance to work on yourlistening skills as we ll as your speaking skills.

    The most important cause of poor listening are giving in to physical and mentaldistractions. Many times we let our thoughts wander rather than concentrating on what isbeing said. Sometimes, however, we listen too hard. We try to remember every word thespeaker says, and we lose a main message by concentrating on details. In other situation,we may jump to conclusions and prejudge a speaker without hearing out the message.Finally, we often judge d people by their appearance or speaking manner instead of listeningto what they say.

    You can overcome these poor listening habits by taking several step. First, takelistening seriously and comm it yourselves to becoming a better listener. Second, work at

    Hak Cipta Universiti Teknologi MARA CONFIDENTIAL

  • 8/13/2019 Grammar 2008 uitm

    17/17

    CONFIDENTIAL 17 ED/OCT2008/TSL041

    being a active listener. Give your undivided attention to the speaker in a genuine effort tounderstand hers or his ideas. Third, resist distractions. Make a conscious effort to keep yourmind on what the speaker was saying. Fourth, try not to be diverted by appearance ordelivery. Set aside preconceived judgments based on a person's looks or manner ofspeech.Fifth,suspend judgment until you have heard the speaker's entire messageevenif you think you are going to disagree. Sixth, focus your listening by paying attention tomain points, to evidence, and to the speaker's techniques. Finally, develop your note-taking skills. When done properly, note taking are an excellent way to improve yourconcentration and to keep track of a speaker's ideas. It almost force you to becom e a moreattentive and creative listeners.

    Adapted from "The Art of P ublic Speaking"by Stephen E. Lucas (2007)

    (15 marks)

    END OF QUESTION PAPER

    Hak Cipta Universiti Teknologi MARA CONFIDENTIAL