gramatike ne anglisht 26yi676i

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1 ELEMENTARY ( II ) FOLJET NDIHMËSE TË GJUHËS ANGLEZE Gjuha angleze i ka 3 folje kryesore ndihmëse , e ato janë : 1. Be 2. Do 3. Have Këto tri folje mund të përdoren edhe si folje ndihmëse por edhe si folje të plota . Kur përdoren si folje ndihmëse ato na ndihmojnë në formimin e kohrave të ndryshme gramatikore . THE PRESENT TENSE OF THE VERB ‘BE’ ( Folja ‘Be’ – jam në kohën e tashme )

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  • 1

    ELEMENTARY ( II )

    FOLJET NDIHMSE

    T GJUHS ANGLEZE

    Gjuha angleze i ka 3 folje kryesore ndihmse , e ato jan :

    1. Be

    2. Do

    3. Have

    Kto tri folje mund t prdoren edhe si folje ndihmse por edhe si folje t plota .

    Kur prdoren si folje ndihmse ato na ndihmojn n formimin e kohrave t

    ndryshme gramatikore .

    THE PRESENT TENSE OF THE VERB BE ( Folja Be jam n kohn e tashme )

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    Positive form ( Mnyra pohore )

    Singular Plural

    Long form / Short form Long form / Short form

    I am . Im ( Un Jam ) We are .. Were ( Ne jemi ) You are . Youre ( Ti je ) You are . Youre ( Ju jeni )

    He is . Hes ( Ai sht ) They are .. Theyre ( Ata jan ) She is ... Shes ( Ajo sht ) It is Its ( sht )

    Question form ( Mnyra pyetse )

    Singular Plural Am I ( A jam un ) Are we ( A jemi ne )

    Are you ( A je ti ) Are you ( A jeni ju )

    Is he ( A sht ai ) Are they ( A jan ata /ato ) Is she ( A sht ajo )

    Is it ( A sht )

    Negative form ( Mnyra mohore )

    Singular Plural

    Long form / Short form Long form / Short form I am not / Im not ( Un nuk jam ) We are not / We arent ( Ne nuk jemi ) You are not / You arent ( Ti nuk je ) You are not /You arent ( Ju nuk jeni ) He is not / He isnt ( Ai nuk sht ) They are not/They arent (Ata nuk jan) She is not / She isnt ( Ajo nuk sht ) It is not / It isnt ( Nuk sht )

    Question - negative form ( Mnyra pyetse mohore )

    Singular Plural Am I not ( A nuk jam un ) Are we not/Arent we (A nuk jemi ne) Are you not/Arent you (A nuk je ti) Are you not/Arent you (A nuk jeni ju) Is he not /isnt he (A nuk sht ai) Are they not/Arent they ( A nuk jan ata /ato ) Is she not / isnt she (A nuk sht ajo) Is it not / isnt it ( A sht )

    PLURAL NOUNS ( Sumsi I emrave )

    1.N gjuhn angleze pr t formuar shumsin , shumics s emrave u shtohet

    mbaresa s . Most nouns add s in plural . Ex: Camera Cameras Book - Books

    2. Emrat q prfundojn me s , ss , sh , ch , x dhe o n shums marrin mbaresn es

    Nouns that end in s , ss , sh , ch , x and o , add es in plural . Ex: Bus - Buses Glass Glasses Brush Brushes ( Brushat ) Sandwich Sandwiches Box - Boxes potato - Potatoes

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    3. Emrat q prfundojn me bashktingllore + Y n shums Y ndryshon n ies .

    Nouns that end in a consonant + Y change Y into ies in plural . Ex: Dictionary Dictionaries Party - Parties

    4. Emrat q prfundojn me zanore + Y n shums u shtohet vetm mbaresa s . Nouns that and in vowel + Y add s in plural . Ex: Day Days Boy Boys 5. Emrat e parregullt ose i kan trajtat e veta t gatshme ose e ndryshojn trajten n trsi.

    Irregular nouns change their form or have their own form in plural .

    Ex: Child Children Person People Man - Men Woman - Women ( Uimin )

    Wife - Wives Mouse - Mice ( Mais )

    ADJECTIVES ( Mbiemrat )

    Mbiemrat jan pjes e ligjerats t cilt e bjn cilsimin e emrit . N gjuhn

    angleze mbiemrat gjithmon prdoren para emrave . do mbiemer e ka edhe

    kundrshtarin e vet i cili n gjuhn angleze quhet Opposite adjective . Adjectives are part of speech that describe nouns . In English language adjectives

    usually come before nouns . Each adjective has its opposite .

    Adjective Opposite Big I madh Small I vogl Cheap I lir Expensive I shtrenjt Cold - I ftoht Hot - I nxeht

    Lovely - I kndshm Horrible - I tmerrshm

    THE PRESENT SIMPLE TENSE (Koha e tashme e thjesht )

    1. Si veori kryesore e kohs s tashme t thjesht sht se shumica e foljeve t

    rregullta marrin s ose es n veten e tret njejs n mnyren pohore . The main future of the Present Simple Tense is that most verbs add s or es in the third person singular in the positive form .

    Ex: Positive form ( Mnyra pohore )

    Singular Plural

    I work We work

    You work You work

    He / she / it works They work

    2. Mnyra pyetse formohet me an t foljes ndihmse Do / Does e cila e ndihmon formimin e ksaj forme gramatikore .

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    We form the question by using the auxiliary verb Do that changes to Does in the Third Person Singular .

    Ex: Singular Plural Do I work Do we work

    Do you work Do you work

    Does he /she / it work Do they work

    3. Mnyra mohore formohet kur foljes ndihmse Do / Does i shtojm ndajfoljen not e cila tr fjalis ja jep kuptimin mohor . We form negative by adding the adverb not to the auxiliary verb Do / Does . Ex: Singular Plural

    I dont work We dont work You dont work You dont work

    He / she / it doesnt work They dont work

    Prdorimi Koha e tashme e thjesht prdoret pr ti treguar shprehit tona , rutinat ,faktet

    ,realitetin ose dika q sht e vrtet pr nj koh t gjat .

    The Present Simple Tense is used to express our habits , routines , facts , reality or

    something that is always true or is true for a long time .

    Ex: She usually plays tennis on Sundays . ( Routine)

    He always gets up early in the morning . ( Habit )

    John comes from the USA . (Fact / Reality )

    The sun rises in the east . (Fact / Reality )

    My brother works in a bank . ( True for a long time )

    SPELLING OF THE FIRST PERSON SINGULAR ( Shqiptmi i vets se tret njejs ) ne kohn e tashme

    1. Shumics s foljeve t rregullta n veten e tret njejs ne kohn e tashme u

    shtohet mbaresa s. Most verbs add s in the Third Person Singular ( he , she , it ). Ex: Speak he / she / it speaks ( flet ) Wear he / she / it wears (vesh)

    2. Foljet q prfundojn me s , ss , sh , ch dhe x n veten e tret njejs marrin

    mbaresen es. Verbs that end in s , ss , sh , ch and x add es in the Third Person Singular. Ex: Watch he /she / it watches (shiqon ) Wash he / she / it washes (pastron)

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    Relax - he / she / it relaxes (pushon)

    3. Foljet q perfundojn me bashktingllore + Y n veten e tret njjes Y ndryshon n ies. Verbs that end in a consonant + Y change the Y to ies in the Third Person Singular. Consonant + Y = ies

    Ex: Fly he / she /it flies (fluturon) Cry he / she / it cries (qan)

    4. Foljet q prfundojn me zanore + Y n veten e tret njejs marrin vetm s n fund.

    Verbs that end in a vowel + Y add s in the Third Person Singular. Ex: Play he / she / it plays (luan) Stay he / she / it stays (Qendroj)

    5. Fjalt e parregullta do /go / have n veten e tret njejs ato jan :

    Do /go / have are irregular verbs so in the Third Person Singular that are :

    Do Does Go Goes Have Has

    THE ADVERBS OF FREQUENCY (Ndajfoljet e shpeshtsis)

    Ndajfoljet e shpeshtsis prdoren pr t treguar dendurin e kryerjes s nj veprimi

    brenda nj kohe t caktuar . Kto ndajfolje jan:

    Always (gjithmon)

    Sometimes (nganjher / ndonjher)

    Usually (zakonisht)

    Often (shpesh)

    Never (kurr / asnjher)

    THERE IS / ARE

    There is / there are sht nj struktur gramatikore e cila prdoret pr t treguar

    vendin se diku ndodhet dika . Kjo struktur gramatikore i prshtatet edhe afrsis

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    ktu , edhe largsis atje . Prdoret n njejs dhe n shums , si dhe i ka mnyrat e veta t prdorimit siq jan mnyra pohore , pyetse dhe mohore .

    Singular Plural

    Positive form (Mnyra puhore)

    There is aty / atje sht / ka There are atje / ktu jan /ka

    Question form (Mnyra pyetse)

    Is there a sht / a ka atje / ktu Are there a jan / a ka atje / ktu

    Negative form (Mnyra mohore) There isnt atje / ktu nuk sht / nuk ka There arent atje / ktu nuk jan / ka

    PREPOSITIONS OF PLACE ( Parafjalt e vendit )

    On Mbi ( siperfaqe ) Under Nn ( Prfundi ) Next to Pran In front of Prball / Prpara Behind Prapa / pas Near Afr In N / Brenda

    THE EXPRESIONS OF QUANTITY ( Some / Any ) ( T shprehurit e sasis)

    Some dhe any jan ndajfolje t sasis , prdorimi i s cilave varet pikrisht nga emri q e prcjell pas , sepse kto dy ndajfolje prdoren edhe me emra t

    numrueshm edhe me emra t pa numrueshm .

    Kur prdoren me emra t numrueshm zakonisht prcilen nga emir n shums ,

    sepse prdoren kryesisht pr shumsin , si dhe emrat e numrueshm kan njjsin

    dhe shumsin , ndrsa tek emrat e panumrueshm prcillen vetm nga emri sepse

    kta emra kan vetm nj trajt , at t njjsit , d.m.th nuk marrin s n fund .

    WITH COUNTABLE NOUNS

    ( Me emra t numrueshm )

    1. Some e prdorim n fjalit pohore t shoqruar nga emir n shums .

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    We use Some with positive senteces . Some + Plural noun Ex: There are some students in the class . 2. Any e prdorim n fjalit pyetse dhe mohore t shoqruar poashtu nga emri n shums .

    We use Any in question and negative sentences . Any + plural noun Ex: Are there any students in the class ? ( Question ) There arent any students in the class . ( Negative )

    WITH UNCOUNTABLE NOUNS

    (Me emra t pa numrueshm)

    Some prdoret n fjalit pohore i shoqruar nga emri . We use some in positive sentences Some + Noun Ex: There is some rice in the bag.

    Any e prdorim n fjalit pyetse dhe mohore t prcjellur poashtu nga emri . We use Any in question and negative sentences . Any + Noun Ex: Is there any rice in the bag ? (Question )

    There isnt any rice in the bag . ( Negative )

    DEMOSTRATIVE PRONOUNS (Premrat dftor)

    This ky / kjo / kt ( I referohet personave / gjrave afr nesh n njejs) That ai / ajo / at ( I referohet personave / gjrave larg nesh n njejs) These kta / kto / ktyre ( I referohet personave / gjrave afr nesh n shums) Those ata /ato / atyre ( I referohet personave / gjrave larg nesh n shums)

    LINKING WORDS ( Lidhzat )

    And Dhe So Kshtuq But Por Because - Sepse

    PREPOSITION OF DIRECTION ( Parafjalt e drejtimit )

    Near here Ktu afr Right there Mu atje / Pikrisht atje On the corner N knd / Qoshe

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    On the right N t djatht On the left n t majt Straight ahead Drejt prpara / Vetm drejt Go down Shko posht / Teposht Go up Shko perpjet Next to Pran Behind Prapa Between Ndrmjet In front of Prpara / prball Past Prtej / Matan tutje / Pas Turn Kthehu Under Nn On Mbi (Siprfaqe) In Brenda Opposite Prball ( N an t kundrt)

    FOLJET MODALE ( GJYSMNDIHMSE ) CAN / CANT COULD / COULDNT

    Folja Cansht folje ndihmse modale . Quhet modale sepse: 1. Nuk merr s n vetn e tret . 2. sht e njejt n t gjitha vetat .

    3. Nuk prdor Do / Does pr t formuar pyetjen .

    4. E ndihmon foljen tjetr t plot .

    5.ka kuptimin e vet me rast tregon aftsi ( shkathtsi ) ABILITY dhe mundsi

    PROBABILITY .

    Poashtu folja Can mund t prdoret edhe n oferta dhe krkesa .

    The verb Can is a modal auxiliary verb . It is called a modal verb because: 1. It doesnt add s to the third person singular. Ex: She can speak English fluently .

    2. It is the same in all person .

    3. It doesnt use do / does to form the question . Ex: Can she speak English fluently ?

    4. It helps the other full verb that follows it .

    Ex: He can run fast .

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    5. It has its own meaning to express on ABILITY or PROBABILITY . Ex: My mother can make cakes Ability It can be very cold tonight Probability The verb can is also used in requests and offers . Ex: Can you take me to the station please ? Request ( Krkes ) Can I buy you a drink ? Offer ( Ofert )

    Cant = Can + Not = Can not Nuk mundem Can Mundem Cant Mnyra mohore e foljes Can Could Munda / Kam mundur is the past of Can Couldnt = Could not Nuk mundem is the negative of Could Could sht koha e kryer e foljes Can kshtuq rregullat jan t njjta si pr foljen Can .

    WAS / WERE - THE VERB TO BE IN THE PASTE ( Koha e kryer e foljes TO BE me qen )

    Positive form ( Mnyra pohore )

    Singular Plural

    I was Un isha We were ne ishim You were Ti ishe You were ju ishit He/she/it was - Ai/Ajo ishte They were - ata/ato ishin

    Question form ( Mnyra pyetse )

    Singular Plural

    Was I - A isha un Were we - A ishim ne

    Were you - A ishe ti Were you - A ishit ju

    Was he - A ishte ai Were they - a ishin ata/ato

    Was she - A ishte ajo

    Was it - A ishte

    Negative form ( Mnyra mohore )

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    Singular Plural

    I wasnt Un nuk isha We werent ne nuk ishim You werent Ti nuk ishe You werent ju nuk ishit He/she/it wasnt - Ai/Ajo nuk ishte They werent - ata/ato nuk ishin

    Question negative form ( Mnyra pyetse mohore )

    Singular Plural

    Wasnt I - A nuk isha un Werent we - A nuk ishim ne Werent you - A nuk ishe ti Werent you - A nuk ishit ju Wasnt he - A nuk ishte ai Werent they - a nuk ishin ata/ato Wasnt she - A nuk ishte ajo Wasnt it - A nuk ishte

    HOMOPHONES WORDS THAT SOUND THE SAME ( Fjalt q tingllojn njsoj )

    Homofonet jan fjal q shkruhen ndryshe , kan kuptim tjetr por q shqiptohen

    njsoj .

    Homophones are differet in spelling , with different meaning , but the same in

    pronunciation .

    Ex: Son ( Djali ) - Sun ( Dielli )

    Here ( Ktu ) - Hear (Dgjoj )

    See ( Shof ) - Sea ( Deti )

    I ( Un ) - Eye ( Syri )

    THE PAST SIMPLE TENSE ( Koha e kryer e thjesht )

    Gjuha angleze i ka dy grupe t mdha t foljeve t plota :

    1. Foljet e rregullta ( Regular verbs )

    2. Foljet e parregullta ( Irregular verbs )

    1. Numri m i madh i foljeve t rregullta n kohen e kryer t thjesht e marrin

    mbaresen ed ose vetm d n mnyren pohore . Mbaresa edsht e njejt nepr t gjitha vetat .

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    Most regular verbs add ed or d in the positive form in Past Simple Tense .

    Ex: I /you / he / she / it worked 2. Mnyra pyetse formohet me an t foljes ndihmse did e cila poashtu sht e njjt n t gjitha vetat .

    We form the question of the Past Simple Tense by using the auxiliary verb did which is the same in all persons .

    Ex : did I / you / he / she / it / we / they / work

    3. Mnyra mohore formohet kur foljes ndihmse did I shtohet ndajfolja not e cila tr fjalis ja jap kuptimin mohor dhe do t thot nuk . Not Nuk We form negative of the Past Simple Tense by adding the adverb not to the auxiliary verb did and this way we get the negative meaning of the whole sentence. Did + not = Did not = Didnt

    Ex: I / you / he / she / it / we / they didnt work

    Prveq foljeve t rregullta egzistojn edhe foljet e parregullta t cilat n kohen e

    kryer t thjesht ose e ndrrojn trajten n trsi ose i kan trajtat e veta t gatshme.

    Beside regular verbs English language has also irregular verbs that change their

    form or have their own form in the past simple tense .

    Ex: Present Paste See Shoh Sow Pash Take Marr Took Mora Write Shkruaj Wrote Shkrova Is - sht Was Ishte Say - Them Said Thash

    Prdorimi Koha e kryer e thjesht prdoret pr t treguar pr nj veprim i cili ka prfunduar

    n nj t kaluar t caktuar . Zakonisht me kt koh gramatikore prdoren

    shprehjet kohore t s kaluares t cilat na tregojn saktsisht se kur ka prfunduar

    dika .

    We use the Past Simple tense to talk about a finished action in a definite past time.

    Usually the past tense expressions ( yesterday , last week , yesterday evening , this

    afternoon , in 1999 , two years ago ) tell us exactly when something happened . Ex: I watched a good film on TV yesterday evening .

    They took the child to the hospital this morning .

    They went to the cinema last night . ( Pohore )

    Did they go to the cinema last night ? ( Pyetse )

    They didnt go to the cinema last night . ( Mohore )

    THE PAST SIMPLE REGULAR VERBS ( Koha e kryer e thjesht Foljet e rregullta )

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    1. Shumics s foljeve n mnyr pohore t kohs s kryer u shtohet mbaresa ed . Most regular verbs add ed in the positive form of the Past Simple Tense . Ex: Work Worked Start - Started

    2. Foljet q prfundojn me e marrin vetm d . Verbs ending in e sdd just d Ex: Like Liked Love - Loved Hate Hated Move - Moved 3. Foljet q prfundojn me bashktingllore + Y e ndryshojn Y n ied . Verbs that end in a consonant +y change they to ied in the Past Simple Tense. Ex: Study Studied Carry Carried Marry Married Cry - Cried 4. Foljet e shkurtra njrrokshe q kan vetm nj zanore dhe prfundojn me

    bashktingllore para se tu shtohet mbaresa ed e dyfishojn bashktingllorn e Fundit .

    One - syllable ( short ) verbs that have only one vowel and end in a consonant ,

    double the final consonant in the Past Simple Tense before adding ed . Ex: Stop Stopped Plan - Planned

    I LIKE / ID LIKE

    Like - Plqej

    Id I would Dshiroj 1. Like e prdorim pr ato gjra t cilat na plqen ti bjm gjithnj . W use Like about things that we like always during or enjoy doing . Ex: I like black coffee .

    I dont like tea . 2. I would like ( Id like ) e prdorim pr pelqimet tona n ndonj vend apo koh t veant , apo dika q dshirojm n momentin kur flasim .

    Ex: Id like a cold drink please ( now in a restaurant ) . Id like to be home right now ( a specific time ) . We use Would like about our preferences at a specific time and place or something that we like doing at the moment of speaking . Folja Would e ka trajten e shkurtr d e cila mund t prdoret pran t gjitha vetat .

    The contracted form of Would is d that it used with all persons . Ex: Singular Plural

    Id I would Wed - we would Youd you would Youd you would Hed He would Theyd They would Shed She would Itd It would Poashtu I would / Id like prdoret edhe n krkesa . We also used I would / Id like in request . When we want to be polite and to show respect about people we ask for things .

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    Ex: Id like a coffee , please .

    Id like to have a word with you , please . Would you like e prdorim n oferta . We use Would you like in offers . Ex: Would you like to have a sandwich ?

    Would you like to come with me ?

    MUCH / MANY

    Much e prdorim n emrat e panumrueshm n fjalit pyetse dhe mohore . We use Much with uncountable nouns in question and negative sentences . Ex: Is there much milk left ? ( question )

    There isnt much milk left . ( negative ) E prdorim Many n emra t numrueshm n fjalit pyetse dhe mohore . We use Many with countable nouns in question and negative sentences . Ex: Are there many students in the class ? ( question )

    There arent many students in the class .( negative )

    THE DEGREES OF THE AJJECTIVE ( Shkallt e mbiemrit )

    COMPARATIVE AND SUPERLATIVE ( Krahasorja dhe siprorja )

    1. Mbiemrat e shkurtr apo njrroksh n shkallen krahasore dhe siprore marrin

    mbaresat er dhe est . Short adjectives or syllable adjectives add er and est in comparative and superlative .

    Ex: Adjective Comparative Superlative

    Small I vogl Smaller M i vogl The smallest M i vogli Cheap I lire Cheaper M i lire The Cheapest M i liri 2. Mbiemrat q prfundojn me Y n shkalln krahasore dhe siprore ndryshojn n ier dhe iest . Adjectives that end in Y change Y to ier and iest in comparative and superlative .

    Ex: Adjective Comparative Superlative Heavy I rnd Heavier The heaviest Noisy - I zhurmshm Noisier The noisiest

    3. Mbiemrat e gjat ose q kan dy a m shum rrokje n shkallen krahasore dhe

    siprore i prdorin ndajfoljet More dhe Most . Long adjectives or adjective that have two or more syllable use More or Most in comparative and superlative .

    Ex: Adjective Comparative Superlative

    Beautiful - I bukur More beautiful The most beautiful

    Dangerous I rrezikshm More dangerous The most dangerous

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    4. Mbiemrat e parregullt e ndryshojn trajten n trsi n shkallen krahasore dhe

    Spirore.

    Irregular adjective change their form in comparative and superlative .

    Ex: Adjective Comparative Superlative

    Good I mir Better M i mire The best M i miri Bad - I keq Worse M I keq The worst m I keqi Far - I largt Further M I largt The furthest M I largti 5. Mbiemrat e shkurtr n vete kan vetm nj zanore dhe mbarojn me

    bashktingllore , n shkallen krahasore dhe Spirore ato e dyfishojn

    bashktinglloren e fundit .

    Short adjectives that have only one vowel and end in a consonant , double the final

    consonant in comparative and superlative .

    Ex: Adjective Comparative Superlative

    Big I madh Bigger The biggest Hot I nxeht Hotter The hottest Fat - I trash Fatter The fattest

    Thin I holl Thinner The thinnest

    THAN ( Se sa )

    Ndajfolja THAN prdoret n shkallen krahasore pr ta br krahasimin n mes t dy gjrave , objekteve ose personave .

    THAN is used with comparative to compare two things or people between them. Ex: Jane is older than Tina .

    Gjithashtu ndajfolja Much prdoret n mbiemrat n shkalln krahasore , e cila ndajfolje emrin e bn m t theksueshm apo m t fuqishm .

    Much is also used with comparative adjectives to make the adjective stronger or more emphatic .

    Ex: My house is much biger than my brothers house . Krahasimi i barazis bhet me an t lidhzave as as . By using as .as we say that two things are equal ( Barabart ) . Ex: Shes not as clever as her brother . I am as toll as my mother .

    Shkalla krahasore prdoret pr t br krahasimin n mes t dy gjrave ose

    prsonave n mes vete .

    We use the comparative to compare two things or people between them .

    Ex: This girl is more intelegent than that one .

    Shkalla siprore prdoret pr ta veuar nj send apo prson nga i tr grupi .

    The superlative is used to specify one thing or person from the whole group .

    Ex: Her sister is the most intelligent student in the class .

    HAVE GOT Folja Have got sht folje ndhmse e cila prdoret m tepr n t folurit Anglez, Britanez ( e jo n t shkruar ) si folje jo zyrtare .

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    Folja Have got e ka kuptimin e njjt sikur folja Have q do t thot se t dyja tregojn pron mirpo formimi i tyre gramatikor ndryshon .

    Gjat zgjedhimit gramatikor folja Have ndihmohet nga folja Do / Does n mnyren pyetse dhe mohore ndrsa folja Have got ndihmohet vet nga folja Got q i prcjell gjithmon pas . Have got is used in spoken British English because it is informal . Have and Have got mean the same when we talk about possession .

    I have Un kam Ive got Un kam But grammar form is different . the verb Have in the question and negative is helped by the auxiliary verb Do / Does but Have got in an auxiliary verb in itself .

    HAVE

    Positive form Question form Singular Plural Singular Plural I have We have Do I have Do we have You have You have Do you have Do you have He/she/it has They have Does he/she/it have Do they have

    Negative form Singular Plural I dont have We dont have You dont have You dont have He/she/it doesnt have They dont have

    HAVE GOT

    Positive form Question form Singular Plural Singular Plural Ive got Weve got Have I got Have we got Youve got Youve got Have you got Have you got Hes got Theyve got Has he/she/it got Have they got Shes got Its got

    Negative form Singular Plural I havent got We havent got You havent got You havent got He/she/it hasnt got They havent got

    The Past Tense of both Have and Have got is Had .

    Present Paste I have I had

    Ive got I had

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    THE PRESENT CONTINUOS TENSE ( Koha e tashme e vazhduar )

    1. Kjo koh formohet me trajten e foljes To ben kohen e tashme ( am/is/are ) , si dhe foljes kryesore duke ja shtuar trajten ing . We form the Present Continuous Tense with the verb to be in the Past Simple .

    ( am/is/are ) + verb + ing Am/is/are + verb + ing Ex: Im reading a book .

    Hes listening to music . 2.Mnyra pyetse formohet duke br ndrrimin e vendit n mes t foljes dhe vetes.

    We form the question by inverting the verb ( be ) out of person .

    Ex: Am I reading a book ?

    Is he listening to music ?

    3.Mnyra mohore formohet kur foljes ndihmse (am/is/are) i shtohet ndajfolja not.

    We form the negative of the Present Continuous Tense by adding not to the auxiliary verb (am/is/are) .

    Prdorimi

    Koha e tashme e vazhduar prdoret pr t treguar pr nj veprim i cili sht duke

    ndodhur tash , apo q do t ndodh n t ardhmen .

    We use the Present Continuous Tense to talk about activities happening now or in

    the future .

    WHOSE Whose i , e kujt

    Possessive adjectives (Mbiemrat pronor) Possessive pronounce (Premrat pronor) Singular plural Singular plural My book Our book Mine I imi Ours - Tonat

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    Your book Your book Yours I yti Yours - Tuajat His book Their book His - I tij Theirs T tyre Her book Hers - I saj Its book Its - I tij

    Dallimi n mes t mbiemrave pronor dhe premrave pronor qndron:

    Mbiemrat pronor i prdorim s bashku me objektet pr t cilin flasim .

    Ex: This is my pen .

    That is her dictationary .

    Ndrsa premrat pronor prdoren pa objektin pr t cilin flasim sepse edhe folsi

    edhe ndgjuesi e din apo e shofin se pr ka flitet .

    We use possessive pronouns when the both , the speaker and listener now or see

    what object we are talking about .

    Ex: Whose is this book ? Its mine / its his / its hers Fjala pyetse pr t pyetur pr pronen edhe me mbiemrat edhe me premrat sht

    Whose q do t thot i , e kujt. Vrejtje : Whose - i , e kujt Whos Who is Kush sht

    GOING TO For future ( GOING TO Pr t ardhmen )

    Going to sht nj struktur gramatikore e cila prdoret pr ti treguar planet e s ardhmes .

    Going to is a grammar structure that is used to talk about future plans . Going to Do t Form: Am/is/are + Going to + infinitive

    Ex: Shes going to be a ballet dancer . Im going to meet my friends in town tomorrow .

    Going toprdoret pr t treguar pr planet , qllimet apo synimet tona t bra para momentit t t folurit , ose dika q planifikojm prpara ta bjm n t

    ardhmen .

    Going to express a plan , intention or decision made before the moment of speaking or something that we plan before to do in the future .

    Going to poashtu prdoret edhe pr dika q jemi t sigurt apo e shofim me sy q do t ndodh n nj t ardhme t afrt .

    Going to is also used to express something that we can see or we are sure that is going to happen in a near future .

    Ex: Look out , the glass is going to fall.

    INFINITIVE OF PURPOSE (Paskajorja e qllimit)

    Paskajorja e qllimit na tregon pse dikush bn diqka .

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    The infinitive of purpose tells us why somebody does something .

    Ex: Why are you going to Holland ? To see the tulips . Why is she going to Paris ? .To visit the Eifel Tower .

    MAKING SUGGESTIONS ( T brit e supozimeve , sygjerimeve )

    Sygjerimet i bjm me an t foljes Shall e cila prdoret vetm n vetn e par njejs I dhe n vetn e par shums We . Foljen Shall e prdorim athere kur presim q t tjert t pajtohen me ne . We use Shall in suggestion when we expect everybody to agree with us . Shall is a modal verb that is used only in the first person singular I and in the first plural We . Ex: Shall we go to the cinema ? Yes , lets go to the cinema . Lets let us Le t Shall A t We make a suggestion for everyone by using lets ( let us ) .

    QUESTION WORDS ( Fjalt pyetse )

    Pyetse q kombinohen

    Where Ku How + adjectives / adverb When - Kur

    Why - Pse How far Sa larg Who - Kush / Kend How long - Sa gjat

    What - ka / far How big Sa i madh Which Cili / Cila How much Sa ( sasi ) How - Si How Many Sa ( copa ) How old Sa vjeqar

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    What + noun

    What size Sa numer ( madhsia ) What color far ngjyre What season far stine

    What preposition

    What are you talking about ? Look for - Krkoj

    What are you looking for ? Look after - Kujdesem

    What is she staring at ? Look at - Shiqoj

    Staring Ngul syt

    ADJECTIVES AND ADVERBS ( Mbiemrat dhe ndajfoljet )

    1. Shumica e ndajfoljeve t rregullta formohen nga mbiemrat (poashtu t rregullt)

    duke ja shtuar mbaresn ly . Most regular adverbs are formed by adding ly to the regular adjectives .

    Adjective Adverb Slow i , e ngadalshme Slowly Ngadal Quiet i , e qet Quietly Qet 2. Mbiemrat q prfundojn me Y pr t ndryshuar n ndajfolje Y ndrshohet n ily .

    Adjectives that end in Y they change the Y to ily into adverb .

    Adjective Adverb Easy i , e leht Easily Leht Heavy i , e rnd Heavily Rnd / M t madhe 3. Mbiemrat e parregullt ose e ndryshojn trajten n trsi ose e mbajn t njjten

    trajt si n mbiemr sin ndajfolje .

    Irregular adjectives change their form or they just have the same forms as

    adjective and as adverb too .

    Adjective Adverb Good i ,e mir Well Mir Fast - i , e shpejt Fast Shpejt Early i , e hershme Early Hert Hard i , e vshtir Hard - Shum / Vshtir a. Mbiemrat jan pjes e ligjerats t cilt e bjn cilsimin e emrit .

    N gjuhn Angleze mbiemrat gjithmon vendosen para emrit .

    Adjectives are part of the speech that qualify the nouns .

    In English language they always go before noun .

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    Ex: Shes a beautiful girl . b. Ndajfoljet e bjn cilsimin e foljeve .Zakonisht ato shkojn pas foljeve mirpo

    pozita e tyre mund t ndryshoj n fjali .

    Adverbs qualify verbs . They usually go after the verb but they can still change

    their position in the sentence .

    Ex : He drives carefully .

    She speaks English fluently .

    DESCRIBING FEELINGS ( Prshkrimi i ndjenjave )

    Ed and Ing adjectives ( Mbiemrat q marrin mbaresat Ed dhe Ing )

    1. Disa mbiemra mund t marrin edhe mbaresn Ed edhe mbaresn Ing . Some adjectives can add both Ed and Ing participles . Ex: Bored / Boring I mrzitur Interested / Interesting Interesante Tired / Tiring E lodhshme / E mrzitshme Worried / Worring Brengosse 2. Mbiemrat q marrin Ed i prshkruajn ndjenjat e njerzve . When the adjectives add Ed they describe how people feel ( peoples feelings ). Ex: Shes tired . Theyre bored . Hes frightened . We are interested .

    3. Mbiemrat q marrin Ing i prshkruajn njerzit , gjrat dhe situatat . When the adjective add Ing it describes people , things and situations . Ex: The journey was tiring .

    The film was boring .

    Confined places are frightening .

    Art is interesting area of culture .

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    THE PRESENT PREFECT TENSE

    The Present Perfect Tense formohet me foljen :

    Have / Has+ ed ( past participle )

    Present Paste Past participle

    Travel Travelled Travelled

    See Saw Seen

    Visit Visited Visited

    Go Went Gone

    1. Present perfekti tregon nj veprim i cili ka ndodhur n nj t kaluar t

    pacaktuar.

    The Present Perfect expresses on action that happened at on indefinite time in the

    past .

    Ex: She has ( shes ) been to the USA .

    2. Kjo koh poashtu tregon prvojat jetsore t dikujt .

    This grammar tense is also used to talk about experiences in someones life . Ex: He has ( hes ) travelled to many parts of the world .

    3. Present perfect poashtu tregon pr nj veprim i cili ka filluar n t kaluaren dhe

    akoma vazhdon .

    The Present Perfect also expresses an action which started in the past and still

    continuous to the present .

    Ex: I have ( Ive ) lived in the same house since I was born .

    4. Kjo koh poashtu tregon nj veprim i cili ka ndodh mirpo rezultatet i ka n t

    tashmen .

    The Present Perfect Tense expresses on action with the results in the present .

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    Ex: Ive run five miles so Im tired now . It has rained all night . the street are wet .

    EVER , NEVER , JUST , JET AND ALREADY

    Kto jan ndajfolje q zakonisht prdoren n present perfect tense .

    These are adverbs that are mainly used with the present perfect tense .

    Ever - Ndonjher

    Never Kurr / Asnjher Just - Posa / Sapo

    Jet - Ende / Akoma

    Already Tanim 1. Ever e prdorim n fjalit pyetse dhe e vendosim para foljes kryesore n fjali . We use Ever in questions and we put it before the past participle . Ex: Have you ever seen sharks ?

    2. Never e prdorim n fjalit mohore dhe poashtu e vendosim para foljes kryesore n fjali .

    We use Never in negative sentences and we put it before the past participle . Ex: I have ( Ive ) never seen sharks . 3. Just e prdorim n fjalit pohore dhe e vendosim para foljes kryesore n fjali . We use Just in positive sentences and we put it before the past participle . Ex: Ive ( I have ) just done my homework . Ive already just done my homework . 4. Jet e prdorim n fjalit pyetse dhe mohore si dhe n fjali kjo ndajfolje vendoset gjithmon n fund .

    Ex: Have you done your homework yet ?

    I havent done my homework yet .