grades 6-8 korean war inquiry how does war affect children? · 2018-11-28 · grades 6-8 korean war...
TRANSCRIPT
TEACHINGTHEC3FRAMEWORK
Grades6-8KoreanWarInquiry
How Does War Affect Children?
Imagecredit:KoreanKidsatGarbageDump,1953,KoreanWarLegacyProject
UsedwithpermissionfromtheKoreanWarLegacyProject
SupportingQuestions
1. WhatweretheexperiencesofKoreanchildrenduringtheKoreanWar?2. WhatweretheexperiencesofKoreanchildrenduringtheKoreanWarfromthe
perspectiveofUSsoldiers?3. Whatarethehumancostsofdisplacementandwar?
TEACHINGTHEC3FRAMEWORK
T H I S W O R K I S L I C E N S E D U N D E R A C R E A T I V E C OMMON S A T T R I B U T I O N - N O N C OMM E R C I A L - S H A R E A L I K E 4 . 0 I N T E R N A T I O N A L L I C E N S E . 2
Grades6-8KoreanWarInquiry
HowDoesWarAffectChildren?C3FrameworkIndicator D2.Civ.14.6-8.Comparehistoricalandcontemporarymeansofchangingsocietiesandpromoting
thecommongood.
StagingtheCompellingQuestion
DiscusstheaffectsofwaronchildrenbyviewingtheclipfromtheKoreanWarLegacyFoundationwhereVeteranGeorgeDrakedescribestheevacuationof950KoreanOrphanspriortotheChineseoccupationofSeoul.
SupportingQuestion1 SupportingQuestion2 SupportingQuestion3
WhatweretheexperiencesofKoreanchildrenduringtheKoreanWar?
WhatweretheexperiencesofKoreanchildrenduringtheKoreanWarfromtheperspectiveofUSsoldiers?
Whatarethehumancostsofdisplacementandwar?
FormativePerformanceTask FormativePerformanceTask FormativePerformanceTask
ConstructthestoryofachilddepictedinthephotographsduringtheKoreanWar.
WriteaparagraphabouttheexperiencesofKoreanchildrenduringthewarfromtheperspectiveofAmericansoldiers.
CreatefourhistoricalquestionsaboutthehumancostsofdisplacementandwartoprepareforaguidedSocraticSeminar.
FeaturedSource FeaturedSources FeaturedSources
SourceA:PhotographsofchildrenduringtheKoreanWar
SourceA:Videoclip,interviewwithCharlesBuckley
SourceB:Videoclip,interviewwithEverettKelley
SourceC:Videoclip,interviewwithAndrewLanza
SourceA:Videoclip,Syrianchildrendescribingexperienceswithwarandconflict
SourceB:Videoclip,effectsofwaronchildreninSouthSudan
SourceC:InformationfromtheUNRefugeeAgencyontheeffectsofwarandglobaldisplacementduetowarandconflict
SummativePerformanceTask
ARGUMENTHowdoeswaraffectchildren?Constructanargument(e.g.,detailedoutline,poster,oressay)thatdiscussesthecompellingquestionusingspecificclaimsandrelevantevidencefromthesourcesprovidedandoneothersource,whileacknowledgingcompetingviews.
EXTENSIONDiscussacurrentrefugee/orphancrisisinthecontextofthesummativeargument.
TakingInformedAction
UNDERSTANDExaminetheplightofcontemporaryrefugeesandorphansofwar,andtheeffectsoftheirdisplacement.ASSESSConsiderwhattheUnitedNations,individuals,andnon-governmentalorganizationscandotopromotethecommongoodofcontemporaryrefugeesandorphansofwar.ACTWorkingwithapartner,createashortstoryorpicturebookportrayinghowwaraffectschildren.Studentswillsharetheirbookswithrefugeesororphansofwarintheirschoolsandcommunity.
TEACHINGTHEC3FRAMEWORK
3
Overview
InquiryDescription
Thisinquiryleadsstudentsthroughaninvestigationoftheconsequencesfacedbychildrenofwar,includinghunger,displacement,trauma,andthelossoffamilyandstability.Byinvestigatingthecompellingquestion“Howdoeswaraffectchildren?”studentsattempttocontextualizetheconsequencesofwaronchildren.TheformativeperformancetaskshelpstudentsbuildknowledgeandskillsthroughthecourseoftheinquiryastheyexaminetheexperiencesofKoreanchildrenduringthewar,therolemembersofthearmedforcesplayedinhelpingthesechildren,andthehumancostsofdisplacementandwar.Studentscreateanevidence-basedargumentaboutKoreanchildren’swar-timeexperiencesandmembersofthearmedforces’roleinhelpingthechildrenandthenwritehistoricalquestionsaboutthehumancostsofdisplacementandwartoprepareforaguidedSocraticSeminar.
Thisinquiryrequiresprerequisiteknowledgeofhistoricaleventsandideas.Thus,studentsshouldbesomewhatfamiliarwithongoingcontemporaryrefugeecrises,butthesourcesprovidedshouldsufficeasadecentintroductiontothesecrises,ifnecessary.
NOTE:Thisinquiryisexpectedtotakefour40-minuteclassperiods.Theinquirytimeframecouldexpandifteachersthinktheirstudentsneedadditionalinstructionalexperiences(i.e.,supportingquestions,formativeperformancetasks,andfeaturedsources).Teachersareencouragedtoadapttheinquiriesinordertomeettherequirementsandinterestsoftheirparticularstudents.Resourcescanalsobemodifiedasnecessarytomeetindividualizededucationprograms(IEPs)orSection504plansforstudentswithdisabilities.
StructureoftheInquiry
Inaddressingthecompellingquestion“Howdoeswaraffectchildren?”studentsworkthroughaseriesofsupportingquestions,formativeperformancetasks,andfeaturedsourcesinordertoconstructanargumentsupportedbyevidencewhileacknowledgingcompetingperspectives.
StagingtheCompellingQuestion
Instagingthecompellingquestion,“Howdoeswaraffectchildren?”teachersmaypromptstudentswiththevideoclipfromtheKoreanWarLegacyFoundationinwhichKoreanWarveteranGeorgeDrakedescribestheevacuationof950KoreanorphanspriortotheChineseoccupationofSeoul.
TEACHINGTHEC3FRAMEWORK
4
SupportingQuestion1
Thefirstsupportingquestion—“WhatweretheexperiencesofKoreanchildrenduringtheKoreanWar?—encouragesstudentstoexaminetheconsequencesofwaronKoreanchildrenusingphotographsfromtheperiod.TheformativeperformancetaskasksstudentstoconstructthestoryofachilddepictedinthephotographsduringtheKoreanWar.
ThefeaturedsourceforthisquestionisacollectionofphotographsdepictingchildrenduringtheKoreanWar.
SupportingQuestion2
Thesecondsupportingquestion—“WhatweretheexperiencesofKoreanchildrenduringtheKoreanWarfromtheperspectiveofUSsoldiers?”—hasstudentsexpandontheirexaminationoftheconsequencesofwaronKoreanchildren.TheformativeperformancetaskasksstudentstodiscusswithapartnerandwriteaparagraphabouttheexperiencesofKoreanchildrenduringthewarfromtheperspectiveofAmericansoldiersservingintheKoreanWar.
Inadditiontotheresourcesfromtheprevioussupportingquestion,thefeaturedsourcesprovidestudentswithadditionalmaterialsthatallowthemtogainanunderstandingofhowAmericansoldiersviewedexperiencesofKoreanchildrenduringthewar.AllthreefeaturedsourcesforthisquestionarevideoclipswithveteransoftheKoreanWarfromtheKoreanWarLegacyProject.FeaturedSourceAisaclipfromaninterviewwithCharlesBuckleyinwhichhetalksaboutthesufferingofKoreanchildrenduringthewaraswellasthewayssoldierstriedtohelpKoreanchildren.FeaturedSourceBisaclipfromaninterviewinwhichEverettKelleydescribeshowhetriedtohelpKoreanchildrenduringthewar.FeaturedSourceCisaclipfromaninterviewinwhichAndrewLanzadiscussestheeffectsofwaronKoreanchildren.
SupportingQuestion3
Forthethirdsupportingquestion—“Whatarethehumancostsofdisplacementandwar?”—studentswritefourhistoricalquestionsaboutthehumancostsofdisplacementandwartoprepareforaguidedSocraticSeminar.Thequestionsshouldreflectarangeofthinkingabout,andengagementwith,thetopic.
Inadditiontotheresourcesfromtheprevioussupportingquestions,thefeaturedsourceshereprovidestudentswithmaterialsthatallowthemtolearnmoreaboutotherconflictsthathavehadanimpactonchildren.FeaturedSourceAisavideoclipofSyrianchildrendescribingtheirexperienceswithwarandconflict.FeaturedSourceBisavideoclipontheeffectsofwaronchildreninSouthSudan.FeaturedSourceCincludesinformationfromtheUNRefugeeAgencyontheeffectsofwarandglobaldisplacementduetowarandconflict.
TEACHINGTHEC3FRAMEWORK
5
SummativePerformanceTask
Atthispointintheinquiry,studentshavecontextualizedtheexperiencesofwaronchildren,andhaveexaminedthehumancostsofwaranddisplacement.
Studentsshouldbeabletodemonstratethebreadthoftheirunderstandingandtheirabilitytouseevidencefrommultiplesourcestosupporttheirclaims.Inthistask,studentsconstructanevidence-basedargumentusingmultiplesourcestoanswerthecompellingquestion,“Howdoeswaraffectchildren?”Students’argumentswilltakeavarietyofforms,includingadetailedoutline,poster,oressay.
Students’argumentswillvary,butcouldincludeanyofthefollowing:
• Waraffectschildrenbymakingthemhomeless.• Waraffectschildrenbecausetheywon’thavefoodorcleanwater.• Waraffectschildrenbymakingthemafraid.
Tohelpstudentsextendtheirarguments,teachersmayhavestudentsreadaloudwithapartnerachildren’sstoryorpicturebookexploringthecontemporaryrefugee/orphancrisis,andthoughtfullyanalyzethebookinawhole-groupdiscussion.
StudentshavetheopportunitytoTakeInformedActionbyanalyzingtheeffectsofwaronchildren.Tounderstand,studentscandrawontheirunderstandingsoftheplightofcontemporaryrefugees,orphansofwar,andtheeffectsoftheirdisplacement.Toassesstheissue,studentsshouldconsiderwhattheUnitedNations,individuals,and/ornon-governmentalorganizationscandotopromotethecommongoodofcontemporaryrefugeesandorphansofwar.Toact,studentsmightcreateashortstoryorpicturebookportrayinghowwaraffectschildren,andsharethesewithrefugeesororphansofwarintheirschoolsorcommunities.
TEACHINGTHEC3FRAMEWORK
6
StagingtheCompellingQuestionFeaturedSource KoreanWarveteranGeorgeDrake,clipfromvideotapedinterviewdescribingtheevacuationof
950KoreanOrphanspriortotheChineseoccupationofSeoul,SouthKorea,accessibleathttps://koreanwarlegacy.org/interviews/george-drake/
UsedwithpermissionfromtheKoreanWarLegacyProject
TEACHINGTHEC3FRAMEWORK
7
SupportingQuestion1FeaturedSource SourceA:Imagebank,childrenoftheKoreanWar,theKoreanWarLegacyFoundation,images
accessibleatindividuallinksbelow
http://www.kwvdm.org/detail_artifact.php?no=5099Apictureofachild(“Boy-san”-DennisSmith)carryinghisyoungerbrother(“Baby-san”-DennisSmith)onhisback.http://www.kwvdm.org/detail_artifact.php?no=3937AlCooperholdsahomelessKoreanboyheandhiscompanyhadunofficiallyadoptedhttp://www.kwvdm.org/detail_artifact.php?no=4058Koreankidsinfromtofwireentanglement,somelaundryhaningonwireentanglementhttp://www.kwvdm.org/detail_artifact.php?no=87MartinRothenbergandKoreangirlhttp://www.kwvdm.org/detail_artifact.php?no=477AKoreanchildhttp://www.kwvdm.org/detail_artifact.php?no=1241Koreanchildrenhttp://www.kwvdm.org/detail_artifact.php?no=1248StevenMontalbanofeedinganorphanhttp://www.kwvdm.org/detail_artifact.php?no=2237
UsedwithpermissionfromtheKoreanWarLegacyProject
TEACHINGTHEC3FRAMEWORK
8
SupportingQuestion2FeaturedSource SourceA:CharlesBuckley(KoreanWarveteran),videoclipfrominterviewdiscussingthe
sufferingofKoreanchildrenduringthewarandthewaysBuckleyandothersoldierstriedtohelpthem,KoreanWarLegacyFoundation,accessibleathttps://koreanwarlegacy.org/interviews/charles-buckley/
Source:KoreanWarLegacyFoundation
UsedwithpermissionfromtheKoreanWarLegacyProject
TEACHINGTHEC3FRAMEWORK
9
SupportingQuestion2FeaturedSource SourceB:EverettKelley(KoreanWarveteran),videoclipfrominterviewdiscussinghowKelley
andothershelpedKoreanchildrenduringthewar,KoreanWarLegacyFoundation,accessibleathttps://koreanwarlegacy.org/interviews/everett-kelley/#clip-life-impact
Source:KoreanWarLegacyFoundationUsedwithpermissionfromtheKoreanWarLegacyProject
TEACHINGTHEC3FRAMEWORK
1 0
SupportingQuestion2FeaturedSource SourceC:AndrewLanza(KoreanWarveteran),videoclipfrominterviewdiscussingtheeffectsof
waronKoreanchildrenduringthewar,KoreanWarLegacyFoundation,accessibleathttps://koreanwarlegacy.org/interviews/andrew-lanza/
Source:KoreanWarLegacyFoundation
UsedwithpermissionfromtheKoreanWarLegacyProject
TEACHINGTHEC3FRAMEWORK
1 1
SupportingQuestion3FeaturedSource SourceA:VideoclipofSyrianchildrendescribingtheirexperienceswithwarandconflict,BBC
News,accessibleathttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2iz2tNiRpeY
Source:BBCNews
TEACHINGTHEC3FRAMEWORK
1 2
SupportingQuestion3FeaturedSource SourceB:VideocliponeffectsofwaronchildreninSouthSudan,AljazeeraNews,accessibleat
https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2018/02/south-sudan-war-deprives-children-education-180202120925076.html
SouthSudanhastheworld'shighestproportionofyoungchildrennotreceivinganeducation.Thecivilwarhasseenthousandsof
peoplekilledandmillionsdisplaced.It’salsohadamajorimpactoneducation,with1.8million,or70percentofschool-agechildren
notgettinganyeducation.TheUnitedNationssaysyearsofwarmakesitdifficultforkidstogettoschool,eveninareasnotdirectly
affectedbyfighting.
Source:AljazeeraNews
Excerptedfrom:https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2018/02/south-sudan-war-deprives-children-education-180202120925076.html
TEACHINGTHEC3FRAMEWORK
1 3
SupportingQuestion3FeaturedSource SourceC:UnitedNationsHighCommissionerforRefugees(theUNRefugeeAgency),“Forced
Displacementabove68min2017,NewGlobalDealonRefugeesCritical,”articleontheeffectsofwarandglobaldisplacementduetowarandconflict,June19,2018,accessibleathttp://www.unhcr.org/en-us/news/press/2018/6/5b27c2434/forced-displacement-above-68m-2017-new-global-deal-refugees-critical.html
ForcedDisplacementabove68min2017,NewGlobalDealonRefugeesCritical
Wars,otherviolenceandpersecutiondroveworldwideforceddisplacementtoanewhighin2017forthefifthyearinarow,ledbythecrisisinDemocraticRepublicoftheCongo,SouthSudan’swar,andtheflightintoBangladeshfromMyanmarofhundredsofthousandsofRohingyarefugees.Overwhelminglyitisdevelopingcountriesthataremostaffected.
InitsannualGlobalTrendsreport,releasedtoday,UNHCR,theUNRefugeeAgencysaid68.5millionpeopleweredisplacedasoftheendof2017.Amongthemwere16.2millionpeoplewhobecamedisplacedduring2017itself,eitherforthefirsttimeorrepeatedly–indicatingahugenumberofpeopleonthemoveandequivalentto44,500peoplebeingdisplacedeachday,orapersonbecomingdisplacedeverytwoseconds.
Refugeeswhohavefledtheircountriestoescapeconflictandpersecutionaccountedfor25.4millionofthe68.5million.Thisis2.9millionmorethanin2016,alsothebiggestincreaseUNHCRhasseeninasingleyear.Asylum-seekers,whowerestillawaitingtheoutcomeoftheirclaimstorefugeestatusasof31December2017,meanwhilerosebyaround300,000to3.1million.Peopledisplacedinsidetheirowncountryaccountedfor40millionofthetotal,slightlyfewerthanthe40.3millionin2016.
Inshort,theworldhadalmostasmanyforciblydisplacedpeoplein2017asthepopulationofThailand.Acrossallcountries,oneinevery110personsissomeonedisplaced.
“Weareatawatershed,wheresuccessinmanagingforceddisplacementgloballyrequiresanewandfarmorecomprehensiveapproachsothatcountriesandcommunitiesaren’tleftdealingwiththisalone,”saidUNHighCommissionerforRefugeesFilippoGrandi.“Butthereisreasonforsomehope.FourteencountriesarealreadypioneeringanewblueprintforrespondingtorefugeesituationsandinamatterofmonthsanewGlobalCompactonRefugeeswillbereadyforadoptionbytheUnitedNationsGeneralAssembly.Today,ontheeveofWorldRefugeeDay,mymessagetomemberstatesispleasesupportthis.Noonebecomesarefugeebychoice;buttherestofuscanhaveachoiceabouthowwehelp.”
UNHCR’sGlobalTrendsreportisreleasedworldwideeachyearaheadofWorldRefugeeDay(20thJune)andtracksforceddisplacementbasedondatagatheredbyUNHCR,governments,andotherpartners.Itdoesnotexaminetheglobalasylumenvironment,whichUNHCRreportsonseparatelyandwhichcontinuedin2017toseeincidentsofforcedreturns,politicizationandscapegoatingofrefugees,refugeesbeingjailedordeniedpossibilitytowork,andseveralcountriesobjectingeventouseoftheword“refugee.”
Nonetheless,theGlobalTrendsreportoffersseveralinsights,includinginsomeinstancesintoperceivedversusactualrealitiesofforceddisplacementandhowthesecansometimesbeatodds.
Amongtheseisthenotionthattheworld’sdisplacedaremainlyincountriesoftheGlobalNorth.Thedatashowstheoppositetobetrue–withfully85percentofrefugeesindevelopingcountries,manyofwhicharedesperatelypoorandreceivelittlesupporttocareforthesepopulations.Fouroutoffiverefugeesremainincountriesnextdoortotheirown.
TEACHINGTHEC3FRAMEWORK
1 4
Large-scaledisplacementacrossbordersisalsolesscommonthanthe68millionglobaldisplacementfiguresuggests.Almosttwothirdsofthoseforcedtofleeareinternallydisplacedpeoplewhohavenotlefttheirowncountries.Ofthe25.4millionrefugees,justoverafiftharePalestiniansunderthecareofUNRWA.Oftheremainder,forwhomUNHCRisresponsible,twothirdscomefromjustfivecountries:Syria,Afghanistan,SouthSudan,MyanmarandSomalia.Anendtoconflictinanyoneofthesehaspotentialtosignificantlyinfluencethewiderglobaldisplacementpicture.
TwootherinsightsfromGlobalTrendsarethatmostrefugeesliveinurbanareas(58percent)notincampsorruralareas;andthattheglobaldisplacedpopulationisyoung–53percentarechildren,includingmanywhoareunaccompaniedorseparatedfromtheirfamilies.
Aswiththenumberofcountriesproducinglarge-scaledisplacement,thenumberofcountrieshostinglargenumberswasalsocomparativelyfew:Turkeyremainedtheworld’sleadingrefugeehostingcountryintermsofabsolutenumberswithapopulationof3.5millionrefugees,mainlySyrians.Lebanonmeanwhilehostedthelargestnumberofrefugeesrelativetoitsnationalpopulation.Inall,63percentofallrefugeesunderUNHCR’sresponsibilitywereinjust10countries.
Sadly,solutionsforallthisremainedinshortsupply.Warsandconflictcontinuedtobethemajordriverswithlittlevisibleprogresstowardspeace.Aroundfivemillionpeoplewereabletoreturntotheirhomesin2017withthevastmajorityreturningfrominternaldisplacement,butamongthesewerepeoplereturningunderduressortofragilecontexts.Duetoadropinthenumberofresettlementplacesonoffer,thenumberofresettledrefugeeswasdownbyover40percentataround100,000people.
UsedwithpermissionfromUNHCR,theUNRefugeeAgency
NOTE:AdditionalUNHCRinformationaboutworldrefugeesisaccessibleathttp://www.unhcr.org/globaltrends2016/